THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



39 



. rt-rcifid unanimously. 

 •rfc report was c<" com mittee-raen, 



Jf ,bose who 6" °" 7 '• : _Messrs. Isaac Fin- 

 * poK a and **$^ p „f Canterbury ; James 

 £rdcner to Heg^ . John Henderson, 

 I gee(Umao, F encllu S" h Low, Clapton ; John 



V w rSl'S J- Sanger being 

 *•■ • - Tames Anderson, aged 72 and Ann 

 " n - i 'Xere several eleeted. About 60 fnends 



cWr, 



_d69. «ere ««'"■'' ~ th wben the Secre- 

 TSTSt » tor ?nnwf Lat ons /-Messrs. W. and 



51., and a 



n d donation of 



^•.•SoTw.'Norman, Esq .10/. 10,. ; 



» Lte0 ,- . ,n. . Professor Lmdl 



10*.; Professor 



ey> 



: ' al subscriptions and donations 



amounting 



of annu 

 Biiltoi'O/. 



Uebfcfos. 



%D«crip/it^ CW<*«' o/^ars is a list of the 

 , Y i n the author's Nursery at Sawbridge- 

 *jRS i accou" of their qualities, and 

 -wirfil practical instructions in root-pruning. 

 r 7 TL ' ion is one of the best in the country, and 

 *"" * what is unusual, all the best varieties grafted on 



There are also many kinds collected by 



tinea to live m a ngut nut &uu. \\ 



Progress of Vegetation in the Spring and Summer of 



3. M. Pe'idn remarks in the "Revue Horticole," that 



some 

 Mr. 



w« » Prince uumenuoned in the Horticultural Society s 

 SJL^ and said to deserve cultivation. Tins little 

 r^g, ' —mis the attention of fruit-growers; *e 

 bebeVe it is given to the author's customers. 



SW<V5 Filicum ; icing Descriptions of all known Ferns ; 

 mmtrtkd with Plates. By Sir W. J. Hooker, Iv.ll . 



Part I. 8'0. Pamplin. ■ • . .. 



Ix U*se dars, when men are beginning to appreciate the 

 iapofteao Ferns, this book is most welcome. It is 

 not merely the Geologist, who rinds their value as a means 

 of identifying the age of the rocks which he has to exa- 

 Buae, nor the Botanist who sighs for some efficient means 

 of classifying the heaps of these plants with which his 

 hcitar jaded, to whom such a work is acceptable. 



Tne Gardener who— in a small way by means of Ward's 

 and on a Urge scale in his damp stoves and green - 

 i — is able to perceive the beauty of Ferns, will also 

 think Sir W. Hooker's book a welcome addition to his 

 library; for here he will find his favourites described, 

 their technical characters canvassed, and the rarer species 

 ilhutnted by eicellent drawings on stone. A mere sys- 

 tematic <l work admits of no extract, we can therefore 

 oaly recommend this to all who are interested in the matter, 

 ai a publication with which they cannot very well dis- 

 pone. We only wish that we saw a probability of the 

 fcuil Ferns I ...r examined critically and incorporated 

 witfl toe modern species. 



size of the tree, but so that not more than one-fourth of | 

 the bark shall be removed. (Hence four portions nearly ] 

 half an inch in width, and au inch in length, would be 

 removed at equal distances from a tree 8 inches in circum- 

 ference.) The wounds must be immediately covered with 

 rich soil. Two quarts of decomposed cow-dung, and six 

 quarts of maiden-loam, well mixed, form a good compost 

 for the root3 to strike into, in the first instance. It is to 

 be regretted that this mode of invigorating the trees in 

 our gardens and orchards has not been hitherto employed. 

 Some that have struck root naturally from above the 

 graft may be seen growing with remarkable vigour, irhilst 

 others adjoining, living only on the stock above which 

 they form excrescences, languish during a short existence. 

 This mode ought to be adopted for all grafted trees 

 destined to live in a light hot soil. |j 



1 



1813.— M. rei 

 the spring of this year has been very favourable for the 

 growth of hardy plants, more especially those growing in 

 calcareous and sandy soils. The trees which had been 

 planted in 1842, and which had suffered much from 

 drought, pushed with great vigour, as did likewise those 

 recently planted. In many instances the straw of Rye was 

 twice the length it usually attains ; and the same may be 

 said of the stilks of Beans and haulm of Peas. The com- 

 mon Fox-glove, and the white variety of the same, were 

 among the plants observed by M. Pepin as exhibiting 

 remarkable luxuriance, their stems attaining the height of 

 nearly 10 feet. The rains which fell so abundantly in 

 May and June mainly contributed towards this state of 

 vegetation. But, on the contrary, the cool and humid state 

 of the weather was unfavourable for exotic vegetation, for 

 it was remarked by amateurs and caltivators of ornamental 

 plants, that such as were planted out from under glass, 

 produced, in a lingering manner, very imperfect and badly 

 expanded bloom. ||_ 



CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS 



For the ensuing Week. 



I, 



-HOTHOUSES, CONSERVATORIES, &c. 

 Stove. — A few plants will now or soon begin to stow in 

 large collections. Some time ago this used to be toe first 

 note of preparation for potting:, but now few gardeners will 

 pot or shift plant3 for the next six weeks. A good criterion 

 for the time of spring potting any plant is, when the roots 

 are observed to grow freely. It follows, therefore, that plants 

 which are grown in bottom-heat will require shifting amen 

 sooner than those on shelves. Pruning, more or less, is neces- 

 sary for almost all plants, and the time for this work is regulated 



GARDEN MEMORANDA. 



The Fence, Macclesfield.— The Orchidaceous plants 

 are looking remarkably strong and healthy. The 

 of supplying moisture, which is described at 

 p. 191 of last year's Chronicle, appears to answer the 

 jerpase exceedingly well. The plants are neatly arranged 

 mrariou rms; some are growing in wire baskets and 

 jeojeare on wooden blocks, or rough bark, suspended 

 ™iii.e roof; others, of a dwarf habit, are placed in col- 

 **•• "pon large pyramidal blocks of wood neatly 

 www with bark and Moss. The majority of the finest 

 2«a, however, are placed upon inverted pots in leaden 

 «*ra from two to three inches deep, which are always 

 tofill ?* te i r * The heatin S apparatus is so constructed as 

 iaW.^ C « wkh steam v at aQ y time *hen wanted) 

 wkkll minutes; so that by this means, along 



»■*.♦ Tap ° Ur , that arises from the wafcei ' ^ the coolers 

 ttThl g /° W ! ng ,Cat is main tained. The temperature of 

 32* * kept up to 75-, but Go" is considered to be 



1 I \ ? r0wth of the greater part of Onhida- 



-^SpeVuJ eft " ^ I* 111 8UCCeed bettCl * in a 

 g^»perature. There is a beautiful plant of Ipomoea 



^th cniLnT U ° ns the roof > this k »ow bowed 



»« DowThl 1W6rS ' n CesideS this ' the lowing plants 



L«lia tibidi, u„i : 7 c,on «°. ra speciosa and G. maculate ; 



same plant from flowering until September. He who fl >wers 

 his plants nearest their natural time will of course have the 

 mo* t success. Little water should be given during this month, 

 and the house should be kept at a low temperature. : 



Conservator!/. — Orange-trees that have been forced last 

 spring, and kept in-doors all summer, will now begin to growj 

 and it they are in good condition they will flower freely on the 

 voung wood and little side-spurs. In order to get them into 

 regular shapes, the strongest shoots ought to be stopped occa- 

 sionally with the finger and thumb; not, however, until after 

 the flowering is over. March is time enough to repot established 

 plants of these, but young ones in small pots may be shntert 

 now, and turned into bottom-heat in the forcing-pit. No plan. 



II I. -FLORISTS' FLOWERS. 



Auriculas will sometimes, at this season, show a truss of 

 flowers (as remarked of the Polyanthus last week), which, of 

 course, must be taken off. Should it happen to be what is termed 

 "a heart bloom, " some danger of losing the plant (in conse- 

 quence of the stem decaying and rotting the centre), may taloa 

 place, unless it is removed in a proper manner. The best way is 

 merely to pluck off the pips without injuring the stem, by which 

 means the danger is often avoided. 



Polyanthuses.— Mice will often attack these plants at this time 

 of the year, especially when in frames, and commit serious 

 ravages by eating out the hearts, and it will require some vigi- 

 lance on the part of the grower to prevent them. Snails and 

 slugs are also great pests to both Auriculas and Polyanthuses. 

 A little fresh bran, placed under a flat tile, raised at each corner 

 by small pebbles, I find to be the best trap amongst the many 



recommended. 



Ranunculus growers are beginning to be on the qui vive ; the 

 necessary additions to the best bed ought now to be made, by 

 purchase or otherwise. The names of a lew excellent varieties 

 will be given next week. Raising these beautiful flowers from 

 seed is much better understood now than formerly, (thanks to 

 Messrs. Tyso, Lightbody, and others), many of the old varieties 

 being eclipsed by superb sorts of their raising. 



Carnations.— The purchase of these favourite flowers, if not 

 already done, h id better be deferred till planting time. 



Tulips mus' still be sedulously cared for, on frosty nights, by 

 covering as before alluded to. A lattice round the outside of 

 the frame is a great protection, especially when they are farther 

 advanced. Last season I was much delighted with a trellis of this 

 description ; it was covered with the best varieties of Chinese and 

 Bourbon Roses, thus giving fresh interest to that part of the 

 garden when the Tulips were out of bloom. 



Pinks— We may expect frost and snow. and where gardens are 

 exposed to the intrusion of hares and rabbits, Pink, as well as 

 Carnations stand but a poor chance when the grouud is covered, 

 as they wiil scratch away the snow to obtain access to them. A 

 net made of tarred-twine will be found an effectual preventive, 

 wben stretched to short stakes round the beds.— J. F. W. 



IV.— PINEK1ES, VINERIES, &c. 

 Pinery. —Where a regular supply of fruit is required, there 

 will, about this time, be some of the plants in the fruiting- pit 

 showing, and if the bottom-heat is obtained by hot- water tanks, 

 these may be turned out of their pots and planted carefully in 

 the tan over the tanks, with six or eight inches of soil all rouud 

 the roots, and put well up about the collar of the plant. If this is 

 carefully done, and the roots of the plants are healthy, the result 

 will lv finer trait and stronger suckers. Do not yet increase the 

 beat if yon can avoid it. It sometimes is necessary to hasten 

 the fruiting of some of the plants, but in this case, remove those 

 most likely to fruit to another pit, if you can, rather than subject 

 the whole to too high a tern, erature, for the pre-ent. Look tre- 

 qupntly over the whole of the Pines in pots, to see that none are 

 too dry from the heat of the pipes or flues. - ^^ 



Vineru.— Many will now be about to start their first house of 

 Vines and it should be well considered, before nutting any heat- 

 in- material over the outside borders, whether a proper supply 

 can be conveniently obtained to keep the heat regular. If not 

 be cautious to avoid laying on so much fermenting material at 

 first as to cause much heat, and then to let it decline for want 

 of fresh materia'. On the other hand, where a sumcient quantity 



Another peculiarity noticed in the Orange is, that it requires less 

 earth to grow in, to produce heavy crops of fruit, than any 

 other plant of the same size ; bad drainage and too large a pot 

 would soon injure the best Orange-tree in the country. Avoid 

 as much as possible letting in strong currents of cold air at trns 

 season, even when going in or out by the door; but in miid 

 weither you may give air for several hours in tne mutu\e of 

 the day. Water early in the day, and keep the plants constantly 

 clean from dust or insects. 



Greenhnuse.-Thesra.nd point to attend to in this house i, to 

 keep the plants from growing till as late in the spring as pos- 

 sible ; such plants as show a disposition to grow early should be 

 removed to the coldest part of the house, or to cold frames m 

 mild weather-anything rather than an early spring growth, 

 unless for some special purpose. As ares are seldom wanted or 

 drying up the house after this time, as little fire-heat as possible 



Ictnt ilrv 



the shoots' demand distant attention ; let the leading ones grow 



until the desired length of rod is obtained: stop ah others and 



tie the iruit bearing spurs down to the wires, right and left of 



the rafters to keep the leaves from earning in contact with the 



-lass. Leave only one bunch upon each spur. If the sorts are 



the Black Hamburgh, White Muscadine, or other hardy kinds, 



a temperature of 6o 3 by night will be high enough, with a rise 



of 10° b- day. During sunshine admit a small portion of air, 



when the thermometer reaches 80°, letting it rise to 67° or 90° 



hQfy pZ* M &™- It may be useful to many to know that 

 annlyin- the pollen to the stigma of the Peach- blossoms 

 here by means of a camel-hair pencil as recommended in tne 

 Calendar of a former Number, has succeeded perfectly, 

 although out of twelve trees only three had the pollen good. 

 Disbaddina should commence when the trees are out of blossom 

 removing a few at intervals of three or four days. It is better 

 not to make the shoots too naked at once, 



Leave those shoots 



«* 



•afc, Brv.iT" L ' aCUimnata 5 also Dendrobium Cal- 

 pbronitis c«nl ^o, Z yS°P e wlum intermedium, So- 

 F -B., J^]o 0ao *toslossum pulchellum, fce,— 



Im P*ovemtnts 



Miscellaneous. 



"« to rent? Z 9ard 1° ***** Trccs to f orm 



*** °a Qu : nrV« a \ ear -; rees > more particularly those 



4t0 <**, d< n¥ ! T t ? P e trees > on Doucin aud P«ra- 

 ., ^erafr *:" , , ent *°e« rood* are emitted 



S'r^^Yo' t rly n soils thatare unfiivoui - 



tS* * *** or 1 1 6 reeS * U thereflJre koines 

 k2?*«foiu>w • w? tUe ^ ormati °nof such roots 

 V ■*■ the g ra r ts . h„M " n / P 1anta *ion of these trees 

 2* IUrf ** of the ^n ^ fr0m 2 i t0 ** kcha. below 



*h?f r ' Whe " the™"* i° r Uiree ? ears after > in 



.** ls general!. tS J 6 '^ 8 m latest abundance, 



IS* «P<* te y***- th « -oil is removed', 

 WT ; and immediate^ u J u «ction of the graft and 



1*^ The wound. P g ° Uge ' ab0ut 4 - 10ths of ™ 

 S^?^ and about a n iLh re T^ in a Perpendicular 

 *t£ the i«stru men t h W len S tn 5 «"C form, from 



^ sbo ^of COUr ^ ^ be removed ; and their 



De Creased according to the 



more heat than the woody greenhouse plants, and are kept in 

 houses by themselves in nurseries and large establishments, out 

 where there is only one house for the whole these may be *ept 



in the warmest end. . . , 



Forcing Pits.— Reiulle's tanks are excellent eontriranees for 

 forced flowers ; from 70° to 75°, or even ■£ of regular bottom- 

 heat, day and night, may be kept up in the forcing-pits. The 

 surface -heat may be regulated by ventilators, from 5j to w ; 

 it it mav be allowed to ri>e a little higher by sun-hea ; too 

 much heat apnliod at first is sure to end 1-1 disappointment. 

 Roses of all sorts do better when first brought into a temperature 

 of 55°. with a bottom -heat of 7^, and not to puss 60 till all the 

 eyes are fairly started. A dry atmo-phere is best for very 

 early forcing; we can always supply moisture as we tnunc 

 necessary. Recently-bmlt pits, and especially where tanks are 

 used, are troubh me for this branch of gardening, owing to tlie 

 quantity of moisture they produce.— D. D. 



II.-FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



Out-door Department. 

 Where any of the beds in the flower-garden require the sou to 

 be renewed,' frostv mornings offer an opportunity of tWnnjr tne 

 work cleanly and expeditiously. By f-*r too littie atiention is 

 Viaid to trenehing and draining flo - .-r-beds ; it is surprising 

 how much better tender plants support the summer drougiit in 

 beds that have been trenched than in those that have been 



"^le'rM&ardeii.-Any of the Annuals that have ^ n . in J ttr r e ^^ 

 the late frosts had better be cleared away, and it the ground 

 between the plants can be stirred upon a dry day with a snialUjoe 

 it will do them good. Wall-flowers, Sweet Williams, H > ivn cks 

 and any of the more hardy biennials, may be removed to the 

 llower-borders. Wall-flowers, if for thcii ■ ti igrance only, should 

 be pl-mted abundantly in all gardens. 



PUsand Frames.-Vfheie there is the advantage rf»J»"J 

 a sowing of Ten-week and Intermediate Stocks may oe go, in 

 and if strong pUnts of Clintonia, Brachycome, *«•»««•» ■JJ 

 required for bedding out, they also may be sown. Should wet 

 weather put a stop to out-dcor work, the mgst or «.a.d of 

 the Verbenas, fee. in stock-pots may be potted off. Give them a 

 I little heat afterwards until they make fresh roots 



place 

 ^ inery, 



and place leaves and tan roond the pots in the form of a ridge. 

 I* will produce a mild heat, and keep the roots in a more unifor m 

 stale, both with regard to moisture and heat, than if exposed to 



tho ntmo^nVicre of the house. 



S^rlberls-n often occurs, that in attempting to get a very 

 earlv c^op of Strawberries, they are subjected to too much heat 

 and lent too close, and failure is the con- quence. They should 

 b ken cool at first, and have plenty of air daily, except during 

 frost ol cutting winds. Tney should on no account be subjected 

 to the same treatment with regard to heat and air as Vines and 

 Peaches las is often done) till after the fruit is set. when tney 

 will do well on the Vinery or Peach- house shelves. 



Velons-T\ le plants for the early crop will, with some, be up-; 

 and when about 3 inches high should be potted off into 4 inch 

 no ts one in a pot, and plunged in the bed in the frame near the 

 & Sow a few more seeds, in ease of failure Keep up asweet 

 f»lat of about 70° in the bed by adding fresh linings or if the 

 heal TI su" died 7 by pipes or tanks which is much better. 6£ 

 by night will do.™* aT^ *Jf S^LiSAn 



mnrse those who have a Vinery at worn, 01 c» »«"^ k- v- "' '/. 

 nurDOse will raise their first Melon-plans in these, instead of 

 m^mgelJhera bed for them or heating the Melon- pit, till the 

 nlants are fit to turn out.— G. F. 



V -HARDY FRUIT AND KITCHEN GARDEN. 

 Gooseberries and CurmnU, it pruned, may now be washed over . 

 whh amixture of cowdung. day, soot, and lime, mixed with 



W ^ ^^S^^tl^lA waging with a similar 

 miVture.addir-toit.it thought necessary, Tcbacco-water and 



n °PU^TFruit Ttm, where it is not finished, should be 

 deferred ll month or six week longer ; meantime prepare the 

 ^o^fortS reception. En this changeable weather, much 

 care is requisite for forward vegetable crops. 



Set Kale and Rhubarb will be most economically obtained at 

 this period bv taking them up and planting them thickly in a slight 

 hotbed. Fresh plants will be required every se« son. 



?W a — To keep up a succession, fresh beds will require 

 W* .. * T .. » . A temperature for the roots of 



Asparagus 



jr. P. A. 



to be started every thiee weeks. A temperature lor lu « « - 



for crops to succeed those now eom.ns : intc > use. 

 I able in the frame ground. 



* 



