THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



183 



tl f to keep the pU 



vigorous 



state 



j greatly <° neep».j i'— \ t , ius __« My motive for 



A° d * 'flfSbn-Xy of water! by syring- 



'**? ^h? ea eT, is twofold ; first, I believe the 



r fhl Pine to be very porous, and therefore 



of the Pine to^ ^jj^ q( by thftt 



in* over the 



ermis . .• 

 ^ b l!^t°I s"^ S S e wTth'te,^ water " &c. 

 Tthi. practice of poking water on 1*e leaves. 



we have 



, a «... r- Hi r iaht— a/ certain seasons— that is 



M d ?"uen the pi ntl are-growing fast , for that is what 

 10 "^tVJeJto them, and what thepecuhar arrange- 



quality 



tnfthei 1 e is manifestly intended for I 

 ^dy fear that it will have a bad effect .upon thej 



^^^bH^ouVurric'/ secretions; and all the 



LSrc it obtains is from the soil. 



ivilhonld like to hear, from disinterested persons, what 

 tk /« Sthat is flavour, of the Thornfield Pines has 



«• ..rived to be. In the meanwhile, we reserve some 

 Bore ipecial remarks on Mr. Hamilton's work for another 

 opportunity. 



NOTICES of NEW PLANTS WHICH ARE EITHER 



USEFUL OR ORNAMENTAL. 



AurrosTArHVLoSPUNCKVS. Pungent Bear berry. (Evergreen 

 ttVlJT Ericaceie. Decandria Monogynia.-Tlus seems to be a 

 I^rn'on Mexican shrub, for it occurs in most collections from 

 t^uDtrv In appearance it is extremely like Arctostaphylos 



{he wr l ns € of the* ant her a i longer than the anthers themselves and 

 onlr seven ells to the ovary instead of ten. It was introduced 

 to the *» rden of the Horticultural Society by Mr. Hartweg who 

 found it in Mexico, at an elevation of 7000 to 9000 feet above 

 th • sea. forming an evergreen shrub six to eight feet high, with 

 a reddish brown smooth stem and branches, and very hard wood. 

 It was common about Guanaxuato, Real del Monte, Bolanos, and 

 Oex«ca,andis known there under the name of "Pinguica" or 

 " Manzanilla," according to that Botanist. Up to the present 

 time it has proved, in cultivation, to be a neat little half-hardy or 



Sossibly hardy evergreen shrub, growing two or three feet high. 

 otitis one of those uncertain plants which will die suddenly 

 during the hot weather in July and August, especially after a few 

 hours' rain, if planted in the open border, although it may have 



kept shut up for a 

 exposed, and after- 

 trees, so that only 



ing its management—" It seldom can be kept alive for more than 



two or three seasons after being raised from seeds, even in pots, 



unless treated in the following manner:— The seeds should be 



sown in pans, filled with a mixture of peat and loam, to which 



should bj added a small portion of decomposed cow-dung, and 



placed in a close pit or frame. They soon come up if sown in 



the spring or summer, but if sown late in the autumn the seeds 



lie in the soil until the following spring before they vegetate. 



When np, and before they make a rough leaf, prick them off into 



a freah pan filled with the same kind of soil as that in which the 



seed was sown. Afterwards keep them shut up close and well 



shaded, and finally pot them off singly when they have made 



three or four proper leaves, giving them at once a shift into larger 



pots, and return them to the frame, which should now have the 



back turned to the sun, and be kept close for a few weeks ; air 



not being given at any time until the plants are fairly started 



and growing again. Afterwards remove the lights entirely 



dnring the night time, and keep them on quite close in the day, 



during the summer and autumn. When the nights become wet 



and frosty, remove the plants to a cold pit for the winter, where 



there is plenty of light and air and no damp."— .Botanical Roister. 



"}■"« rALLIOA. Pale Ash-leaved Berberry. (Evergreen 



Shrub.) Berberaceie. Hexandria Monogynia.— To the pinn-ted, 



or Ash-leaved, Berberries, formerly miscalled Mahonias, Mr. 



Hartweg has been able to add seven new Mexican species, 



among which is the plant now described. In its native country 



i IT an cver S rcen shrub from five to six feet high, and is 



found but sparingly near Cardonal and Zimapan, on mountains 



*:tw «» C0VCre ? wiUl Piuus Llaveana. Mr. Hartweg also met 

 witnit near the hot springs of Atotonilco El Grande, but no- 



T.. i m V iy ^ ,lantit y- That gentleman informs us that it is 

 easily distinguished by its drv hard leaves, and pale yellow 

 anvM fhat the wood is also of a lighter colour than in 



' V' er s ] ie . cl es. In our gardens its appearance is vastly im- 

 KftL.r ', lt l ffil! Probably prove as handsome as others. It 

 £nnM , e, V vl ? en potted in a mixture of sandy loam and leaf- 

 Beimr'.V ls ad ' Je ' 1 a 5ma11 Portion of rough bone-dust, 



onen hn rt PrCS ^ rit extiemel y rare, it has not beeu tried in the 

 iK^e il! i* ,he a PP*arance of the plant leads us to sup- 



the ntH« I . may e at least as hard >' as B - fcscicularis. Up to 

 hasher! r me ' m the g" ard en of the Horticultural Society, it 

 DinnatP i- . » a cold pit * !t ma r bc increased like the other 

 in s irino. ' y grafting on the common B. aquifolium either 

 but hi hL° r a . utumn » w hen the young shoots are nearly hard ; 

 make In. i J , plant nas not shown the least disposition to 

 doubt h/i shoots, although three feet high. It will, no 



DrodurpH >' Cr ? ased , hereafter °y seeds . which are likely to be 

 have hai ecly ™ hen the Plants get older ; as yet the Berries 

 JannarJ ■« A S u Cds in them - !t Aowcta during the months of 

 ripens if! i Ft ' bruar >'. if kept in the greenhouse, and in July 

 Register erCCl Spikes of deep P ur P le Berries.— Botanical 



layering; and being inclosed by the funnel the latter is 

 well packed with moss. Moisture, necessary for favour- 

 ing the emission of roots, is supplied by means of a bottle 

 from which the bottom is struck off and the neck fur- 

 nished with a cork, perforated so as to admit a small 

 pigeon's feather or bit of wool, to form a syphon, by 

 means of which the moss is kept in a proper state of 

 moisture. The plants on which the operation is made 

 are placed so as to be partially shaded by trees during the 

 first month. Hard- wooded plants are propagated in this 

 way from the middle of May till the end ot June ; and 

 the branches are sufficiently rooted to be taken off by the 

 end of September. Soft-wooded plants may be operated 

 upon in March, and the plants taken off in June, or in 

 the end of June and beginning of July, in which case the 

 plants may be taken off, if sufficiently rooted, in the end 

 of September. It is, however, necessary, in all cases, to 

 ascertain whether the branches are sufficiently rooted pre- 

 viously to their being separated. This is easily done by 

 opening up the edges of the tin. When the branches are 

 found to be sufficiently rooted they are potted off without 

 removing the Moss by which the roots are surrounded. 

 Being moderately watered, they are immediately placed 

 under glass, on a slight hotbed, and 

 fortnight. They are then gradually 

 wards placed in the shade of large 

 half the rays of the sun shall reach them. In this 

 manner M. Fonlup obtained from one stool of Pittosporura 

 sinense, 52 well-rooted plants in the short space of two 

 months, by means of 30 tin cones. He also employs the 

 latter for invigorating weak branches, and for increasing 

 the size of fruits.— Revue Horticole, for Sept., 1843. || 



M'Nab Testimonial. — At a dinner lately given to Mr. 

 M'Nab, the following articles were presented as the 

 result, of the late subscriptions, viz., a silver snuff-box 

 enclosing a draft for 400/., on the Edinburgh and Glasgow 

 Bank; also another snuff-box fashioned like a Scotch 

 Thistle, and formed out of the root of a Scottish 

 Bamboo, grown by Mr. M'Nab in the Botanic Garden ; 

 and it was stated that the cane from which it was taken 

 grew to the height of 40 ft , in the short space of six 

 months. A silver salver, silver divider, and silver sugar- 

 basin were likewise presented to Mrs. M'Nab, and a 

 work-box bearing an inscription was given to Miss M'Nab, 

 who has drawn a well executed portrait of her father, 

 which is to be given to every subscriber. 



African Guano. — We lately announced the arrival of 

 African guano at Liverpool. We are now enabled, by the 

 kindness of a friend, to give its analysis, as obtained by 



Mr. Huson of Liverpool. 



Guano from Ichaboe, Western Africa. 

 Moisture (water) ..... 



Free Ammonia • 



AmmonWcal salts, chiefly urate and phosphate of 



10 71. 



The fol- 



risom 



ical 



in lenath, 



Miscellaneous. 



Propagation of Plants by Circumpo>il„... . 



*°wmg mode is practised by M. Fonlup, at Mont-Bris 

 ne procures a quantity of small tin cases of a coni 



and 9' u Upper part of a funn ^ 2 \ inches in lenguu, 

 Dart ?n i S Wlde at to l } » narrowing towards the lower 

 part tin only sufficient room is left for the introduction 



con, ° l ° r branch intended to be propagated. These 



nes are supported on rods, to which they are secured 



leav*' Commencin S with the central branches, the 

 es are taken from the parts which the tin is intended 



l!Pi!l_Z^_^ m j 1 _is cut two-third s through, as in 



>*t 2SL5?m2? em PWc-i by early writers 



tfrtion an l fm lnl ° disusc - ^ the "HU 

 !, „ *"'' Improvement 



on gardening:, but 

 istory of the Propa- 



PUm 



» i?J l o?oSL , S l,| £i?' toit "i«Pre£!3 mVoVhe mould. Such 



»at the branches a e t^SM 1 "* ? ! & ht take ■» l ^ [ne ' but 

 * l0 *»K thcrcn ^,?^ , far rf8tB frrrn th * ground to be laid 

 ^OBot stoou L !L there [ ore »t becomes necessary, since th, y 

 them." P t0 the eartn ' tlia t the earth should be lifted u^ to 



lfi'o 

 6o 



ammonia .••••• 



Carbonate of lime . 



Organic (animal) matter, with phosphate of lime, 

 traces of oxide of iron, and an inappreciable 

 amount of silica » • • • 



52 



6 



19 



100 



[If this analysis is correct, there can be no doubt that 

 the substance is of great value.] 



Hamburgh Botanical Garden. — The friends of Mr. 

 Edward Otto, son of the botanical veteran, will be glad to 

 learn that he has been appointed Superintendent of the 

 Hamburgh Botanical Garden, an establishment provided 

 by the government of that republic, for the use of stu- 

 dents and lovers of our science. Mr. Otto will assume 

 his office in the middle of next month, and it is, as he 



delicate sorts of them, while the most tender ot the Iridaceae 

 will live only in light peat. Always keep up a good moist grow- 

 ing; heat, of from 60° to 80° in these pits from this time, and 

 smoke them as soon and as often as the fly appears, but avoid 

 strong doses : better do it often and give a little at a time. — D.B. 

 II.— FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



Out-door D'partment. 

 If the directions of lormer Calendars relative to seed-sowing 

 have been attended tc, it wiil not be necessary to sow any more 

 at present ; but if not, a general collection must be got in with- 

 out delay. The last few days, thongh they have been piercingly- 

 cold, have been favourable for the performance of out-door 

 operations, and though the ground is in tolerable good condi- 

 tion, it will not be advisable to use the rake much on the beds 

 until the end of the month. It will, however, be well on heavy 

 land, to hoe it deeply, so as to get as great a depth as possible ia 

 a free pulverised state prior to planting out the half-hardy plants. 

 Recently-transplanted annuals will suffer much dviring these 

 pirching winds, if they are not protected by a few blanches or 

 some other contrivance. Fly the broom and roller vigilantly, 

 both on the lawns and walks, and above all things get the Grass 

 cut well into the " bottom" before the middle of next month, cr 

 you wiil be troubled with it throughout the season. Snowdrops 

 are now on the wane, therefore remove the flowers, and 

 strengthen the bloom for another season. These simple things, 

 though they take good care of themselves, arc not unworthy of a 



little cultivation. 



Jlnckwork.— 1 his, where it is covered with plants, is one of the 

 most difficult things in the garden to manage, without the plants 

 being destroyed on the one hand, or a character of stiff formality 

 imparted to it on the other. In regulating the plants avoid 

 everything like formalitv, and while you keep each plant in due 

 bounds, do not, if von can possibly avoid it, distort the symmetry 

 of Nature. A little fresh peat or leaf-mould may be added as a 

 top-dressing to the more choice of the Alpine plants, and a few 

 seeds of trailing annuals may be sown in any vacant pUces. 



J>lf| anM Frames.— Many of the established and more hardy 

 plants in these structures may no* be removed to temporary 

 pits to make room tor the spring-struck stock, which are now 

 being daily potted off. Some judi s remarks on this subject 

 were offered by Mr. Errington three weeks back, which, though 

 they do not accord with the practice of the best metropolitan 

 cultivators, are nevertheless worthy of consideration. For my 

 own part 1 imagine that plants should not be kept in a perfectly 

 shaded situation from this time unt 1 June, merely because it 

 happens to be good treatment for them from November until 

 Marc'.i, when they ought to be in a perfectly dormant state. My 

 practice, which extends to upwards of 20,000 pUnts annually, is 

 to get the plants growing as soon as the natural season will in- 

 duce them to do so, so as to get rid of that rusty appearance 

 which is always attendant upon plants tint have been shaded 

 for a few weeks after they are first planted out. Proceed with 

 potting off, and do not permit any vacant space in the propa- 

 gating frame until you have more plants than you require for 



bedding out.— If. P. A. 



III. -FLORISTS* FLOWERS. 



The boisterous winds of March are anything but congenial 

 to Florists' Flowers; and the frosts that we may constantly ex- 

 pect, must hi guarded against with redoubled care; for every 

 Florist knows that more havoc is made amongst their collections 

 during the present month, than at any period of the year. The 

 Auricula is very susceptible of cold when expanding its blos- 

 soms: and, should the temperature ot the frame get too low, it is 

 with the greatest difficulty (and wi.h some sorts wholly impos- 

 sible), that they arc enabled to blo-mi. The crop or stock of 

 Carnation layers is much below the average, many growers 

 complaining sadly of the loss they have sustained. When the 

 nights ate likely to be fine, the frames ought to be left open, so 

 that the plants may bc hardened preparatory to their removal into 

 blooming pots. Very few Ranunculuses ought now to be out ofthe 

 ground. Seed may still bc sown with success. Pinks appear to 

 have been rathei affected by the late winds ; all cracks in the bed 

 must bc closed, and the plants looked over after frosts, and fas- 

 tened. Polyanthuses are rapid y growing ; care must be taken to 

 trap snails and other insects injurious to the fort he -miing blos- 

 soms. Under this head we may just observe, that " \vk" are not 

 in the habit of asking fictitious questions on the Polyanthus, 

 and then "modestly" answering them ourselves. Panstes.-- 

 Would amateurs and cultivators for sale discard from their stocks 

 all varieties with undecided body-colours, flimsy petals, and bad 

 forms, one halt the flowers in the published li>t* of the present 

 season would be ejected. We are rather fasiidious in the matter 

 ol Pansies; but the following may be relied on as prime show- 



writes to correspondents, his wish and hope to keep 

 an active and useful intercourse with his many friends 



up 

 on 



this side of the water. 



CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS 



For the ensuing Week. 



I.-HOTHOUSE, CONSERVATORIES, &c. 

 Propagation and potting will occupy the greater portion of 

 the time here for the next six weeks; attention must also now 

 be directed to training and regulating the young growths of 

 climbers and other free-growing plants. Newly potted plants do 

 not want much water until they arc more established in the fresh 

 soil ; bulbs of the Amaryllis tribe brought in for forcing may be 

 potted, if they requ re it, when their leaves are half grown, but 

 never pot them when they are at rest; the heat and moisture 

 may be the same as recommended for the last few weeks. 



Conservatory.— The temptation to collect alt plants in flower 

 into this house being great, you may be led into error, by crowd- 

 ing them too much at this early season; crowding plants in 

 winter is a matter of necessity, and when the plants are in a 

 dormant state this is of less consequence, but now ihat they are 

 in active growth, unless they have room to admit light and air 



Camellia blossoms are as soon affected as any by cold currents; 

 damp the paths in the evening, and light gentle fires at nigat 

 while the weather keeps cold, and do not let the temperature 

 get below 40° for the season. 



Greenhouse .— 1 he great facility and economy of heating ranges 

 of pits now, and the superior manner in which plants grow in 

 such pits, will do awav with greenhouses altogether in a lew 

 years ; this will make a great improvement m small places, 

 where all the plants are now packed together in a neat nine 

 greenhouse, and where many of them die yearly, under tne 

 greatest care that can be given them; such little greenhouses 

 will then be devoted to plants in flower only, except pernaps a 

 few good specimen plants in winter. In the meantime keep 

 this honsc as cool as possible-our rights are too long yet, ana 

 we have too little sun to preserve early growths properly; great 

 attention is necessary in watering here now, as the plants soon 



get drv in fine weather. ,. ,, „ .. . 



Forcmg-pits.-Vnlbs of the Amaryllis tribe, or other kinds 

 brought fn for forcing, often make fine large leaves, but show no 

 blossom, and on that account any out of the way place is thought 

 good enough for them after warns ; but the less these are disposed 

 to bloom the more care is necessary to cultivate them, to expose 

 their leaves as much as possible to the light, to see that they 

 have neither too much or little water, and that their pots are 

 well drained; turfy loam, with a little leaf-mould and sand, suits 

 a great many of these ; peat is injurious to some of the more 



of Orange, and Sovereign, Duffs Enchanter, and Bridesmaid.— 



T ' F * W ' IV.-PINERIES, VINERIES, 8tC 



Pinery.— With the increased light the plants now enjoy, they 

 will bear a gi eater degree of excitement by b ttom-heat, as well 

 as a warmer atmosphere. The fruiting plants ni-iy now have a 

 bottom- heat of 85° at a depth of 9 inches from the surtace. 11 the 

 heat exceed 95° at the above depth, it will be requisite to draw a 

 portion of the tan from the sides of the pots, or to u^e some other 

 means to let the heat escape. The plants intended to fruit m 

 the autumn should have from 60° to 85° of bottom-heat, and the 

 same for the younger succession,. The safest way of ascertain. 

 ing the degree of bottom heat is by the thermometer. The 

 heat-sticks in common use do very well for practiced men but 

 the unpractised should not depend upon them, and it is of the 

 greatest importance to be careful that the bottom-heat is of a 

 proper degree. Shade those plants potted in February oi jly 

 duriue very clear sunshine. Be careful not to give much v.ater 

 to newly potted plant,, till it is ascertained that they are rooting 



ffe Kl>/,ry.-Attend to the directions given last week with regard 

 to t. niUng, tying, and stopping. Look well to the state of the 

 hea'i g maVr al % , tne outside borders , for. If the heat .sallowed 

 ?o declmc now, it will prove very injurious o the Vines and 

 crop Anv healthy Vines, but not ot good kinds, should be 



inarched before the wo>>d gets too old. u ._. 



/W-Ao^.-C ntinue the treatment recommended last week. 



Where it is intended to force Peaches, Apricots, or Cherries, in 

 nots next season, and some suitable plants have to be provided, 

 it should be no longer deferred. It is a good plan to pot some 

 good maiden plants every year to succeed any that are becoming 



useless. . 



Figs and Cherries.— Sec last week's Calendar. ^ 



Melons— Many will now be preparing to plant oat their first 



Melon plants, and it is indispensable to success that the plants 



be strong and healthy at planting. Take care that the heat is 



••sweet," and that the soil is in a medium state of dryness. 



Those plants turned out in February ought now to be rooting 



freely. If the roots arc appearing through the hills or ridge 



upon which they are planted, encourage them by adding* Ie * 



inches in depth of soil of a rough turfy texture; the soil should 



be of the same heat as that in which the plants are growing. 



Keep the shoots in their proper position by tying or pressing 



U ° Wn '"v .-HARDY FRUIT AND KITCHEN GAUDEN. 



Protecting Peaches wnrfJ^rico/s.-A temporary w.jod cc|pii ng.oi 

 from 12 to 15 inches in width, is of great advantage. **««"?" 

 woollen netting or thin bunting are Fumble *ot inci Ker 

 materials, as when the latter are used Ibey mast be drawn npor 

 aside once a day, when the blossom or fruit. s a>apt tosuner 



from unobstructed bright »««W££^ 



these materials are waning, ortoo expensi*r, »* 



will he found in straw ropes twisted rough oaf,, „ve pa« 



o(thc straw hanging ou": these, 19 '" cne * ;^f tllte a eood Dro . 

 other, and fastened to poles 9 feet apart, constitute a good pro 



