242 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



FLORIST 

 TO HER 



SEEDLING VERBENAS. 



EH. FULLER respectfully informs the Public that 

 . fee intends sending out in April the following new and 

 distinct Varieties of VERBENAS, which have been .universally 

 admired, and submitted to Dr. LiNULBV.-Vide Gardener* Chro- 



with a white eye, the best of its colour we have seen. —Plants in 



April, 5s. each. _ , __^ 



No. 3, Lucasii, " delicate pink, clear and ? ood."-2s. Gd. each. 



No. 4, Ltiuis.Puii.iPP> t ••rosy-purple, clear aud steady in colour, 

 a good Variety."— Plants 3s. Gd. each. ■ _ 



"These tlowers are characterised by having the colours very 

 clean, not dirty nor uncertain, tt it frequently happens The 

 flowers are rather small, but this may arise from want of better 



cultivation." . . _ „.j q .„h 



The usual trade allowance if three or more plants are ordered. 



All orders will be sent post-free, or by coach, paid to London. 



A Catalogue of Fuchsias, Geraniums, &c. fcc. will be forwarded 



by post on application.— Wo i ng. A pril 19. 1844. 



PELARGONIUMS, AURICULAS, CARNATIONS, 



and LILIUM LANCIFOLIUM. 



H GROOM, Clapham Rise, near London (removed 

 • from Walworth,, by Appoimtmkvt .Florist to Her 

 Majesty, begs to inform the Nobility, Gentry, and Amateurs, 



that in consequence of the sue. he has had in the cultivation \ ^'""^ g£ Southampton 

 of the above Flowers at his new Garden (where he requests an , £ » d ' Nortnamptcm 

 inspection of the quality of his plants), he a in offer the tn at very { • pof) , e 



moderate prieM. His Catalogue of PELARGON UMS. AUKl- GarrawayMayeSt&C o., Bristol 

 CULAS. and NEW PLANTS, is now ready, and will be forwarded j*J"^ Jg^ J, and Co>> near 



Sheffield 

 Rogers and Son, Uttoxetcr 



MAJESTY 

 THE QUEEN. 



Messrs. Henderson and Co., 



Pine-apple-place, London 

 Low and Co., Clapham, London 

 Wood and Son, Maresfuld, 



Sussex 

 Marnock and Mauley, Hackney 

 Veitch and Son, Exeter 

 Hancock and Son, Durham 

 Mounrjoy and Son, Ealing 



by t onap uiou. The Tr ade supplied. 



EYNES' .STANDARD OF PERFECTION; 



DODD'S ORANGE SipERB, DOWIMNG'S EMMA 

 NOKE.— Nurserymen who can supply fine plants of these first- 

 rate varieties, the first week in May, 1814. 

 Low and Co., Clapton I Garrawav, Bristol 



HuBSTandM'MuM.RV. London Mkau, Lewisham 

 Nuttint., Cheapside. Loudon Wiikf.msr, Warminster 

 Girling, Stowmarket Heaii:, Devizes 



Rkvdlb, Plymouth Drommono, Bath 



Fostrr, Stroud 



Mitchkm,, Marcfield, Sussex 



Lodok, Manchester 

 Appleby, York 

 Harrison, York 



Edward, York 

 Watkivsov, Manchester 



Sparv, Hnngerfmd 

 Pontkv, Plymouth 

 Brown*, Slough 



Gbkauv, Bristol 

 Maule and Co., Bristol 



Pincr and Co., Exeter 

 Veitcii and Co., F.xeter 

 HandaBTDB, E'linburgh 

 Mol-ntjoy, Ealing 

 Widnali,, Cambridge 

 Brown and ATTWKLi.,Uxbridgc 



Hodges, Cheltenham 



TT7" IVERY, Florist, Peckham, near London, begs 



11 • most respectfully to offer after the 23d inst. the following 

 beautiful Seedling PETUNIAS. FUCHSIA, and VERBENA. 



PETUNIAS. 

 Favourite —Large, light, with a fine blue pencilled eye, 3s. Gd. 

 Maoma Charta.— Large, light, shaded with rose, and a very 



fine pencilled eye, 5s. 



Ov in.— Very large, purple, and good shape, 3s. Gd. 

 Pbincb Albert.— A very distinct, bright rose, 3f. Gd. 

 Reliance.— Large, light, with a beautiful pencilled eye, and 



good shape, 5s. 

 The Put.— Small, light, with a beautiful rose edge, and striped 



eye, 5s. 



FUCHSIA. 



Pains op Peckttam.— Tube flesh-coloured, sepals tipped with 

 green, corolla scarlet, very distinct, and fine habit, 7s. Gd. 



VERBENA. 



Pprple Que k v.— Extra tine in colour and shape, 5s. 



N.B.— A select Catalogue of Geraniums, Fuchsias, Verbenas, 

 Cineraria, Petunias. Phi ■», Sec, may he had on application 



CROSS LANES NURSERY, near liEDALE, YORKSHIRE. 



M. JACKSON and CO., beg to state that they can 



W 



still supply the following Plants, strong and well-esta- 

 blished : —Veronica speciosa, 12*. 6rf. ; Tropseolum azureum, 

 its. 6rf. ; Clematis SieboIH, Is. 6d. ; Clematis azurea grandi- 

 flora, 2s. each ; Fuchsias, 12 of the most approved and distinct 

 varieties for 125. 6d., including Exoniensis, Prince Albert, Stan- 

 welliana, Prince of Wales, and their Seedling " Conqueror," a 

 very fine variety, with long tube and sepals, of a fine bright 

 scarlet, corolla salmon colour; an abundant bloomer. 



A reference or remittance from unknown correspondents is 

 respectfully solicited. 



SEEDLING FUCHSIAS AND VERBENAS. 



GEORGE SMITH begs to inform his Patrons and 

 Friends that his SEEDLING FUCHSIA Cvlivdrica Su- 

 pkrba (a singularly interesting flower), he regrets to say, will 

 not be sent out until May 20th, 5s. each, post-free ; but respect- 

 fully solicits early commands for the following Splendid 

 FUCHSIAS and VERBENAS, which are flow ready for delivery: 

 Fuchsia London Rival, a noble and warranted first-rate show- 

 flower, 7*. &d. each; Globosa icrandiflora, the finest Globe ever 

 offered, 5*. each. Verbena excelsa, extra large, of exquisite 

 form, new in colour; no collection can be complete without it, 

 5*. each; Delicata, larjre and extra fine show-flower, 3s. 6d. ; 

 Array, a fine free neat variety, 35. 6d.- t Striata, a novel striped 

 kind, 25. 6d. For further description, see this Paper of March 

 23d. The following Nurserymen aud Florists can supply plants 

 ofthem: Messrs. Waiinkr. 23, Cornhill j Messrs. Smith, Hack- 

 ney; Messrs. Hkvder-sov, Pineapple-place; Hi/nsard, Edgware- 

 road; D. Stria, Bloomfield Nursery, Edgware-road; W. Millie, 

 Providence Nursery, Rnmsgate , Messrs. Youkll, Great Yar- 

 mouth Nursery; Stkwart, Salthill Nursery; Cripfs, Tun- 

 bridge Wells; E. Tim.sy, Bath; Messrs. Wood, Maresfield ; 

 J. Halle?, Blackheath; E. H. Fullkr, Worthing; Messrs. 

 WniTK, Pool Nursery, Dorsetshire; Messrs. Slater, Exeter; 

 J. Forsyth, Anlaby v near Hull; R. Nkwbkrry, Upway 

 Nursery, near Dorche>ter.— *»* Discount to the Trade. 

 Tollington Nursery, Horn^ey- road, Islington, near Lo ndon. 



IMPORTANT TO GARDENERS and Others. 



JG.VAITE, Seedsman, 1& 4, Eyre-street-hill, Hatton 

 • Garden, London, respectfully offers his Incomparable Hardy 

 Green COLE WORT, as by far the best in cultivation j it turns 

 into heart sooner than any other, stands the frost well, and con- 

 tinues in use till the Spring Cabbages come in; its colour is 

 extremely dark, and flavour most delicious. Time of Sowing, 

 April till July. Price 5*. per lb. 



J. G. W. has a large supply of Mangold Wurzel, Turnip and 

 Carrot Seeds, Swede from true Stocks, and of genuine quality, 

 at reduced prices. Catalogues may be had on application. 



Cash, or reference in London, is required from unknown 

 Correspon dents. 



"VIEW MIXED GRASS SEEDS for PERMANENT 



-L^ PASTURE and LAWNS.— The above Seeds, containing the 

 best sorts, with a suitable proportion of the Perennial Clovers 

 and Trefoliums, are sold at f». per bushel, allowing four bushels 

 per acre, by Mr. Roohe Smithf, Eastling, Favershara, Kent. 

 Gentlemen are requested to describe the soil. 



GRASS SEEDS. 



HENRY D. CORMACK, Seedsman, &c. begs to 

 inform Agriculturists in general that they can be supplied 

 with erery variety of the Natural Grasses, adapted to the soil, 

 vrcnerly apportioned aud combined, lrcin his Wholesale and 

 Hetail Seed Warehouse, 106, Dean's-gate, Manchester. 



Whitley and Osbot D, Fulham 



T. andJ. 13ackhouse, York 



W.Catleugh.sioane -at. .Chelsea 



J. Benton, Birmingham 



W. E. Rendle, Plymouth 



S. Girling, Stowmarket 



W. Foster. Stro»<!,Gloucestersh. 



J. Hally, Bl ickhcath.nr.London 



R. Henbrey, Croydon 



R. Cooper, Croydon 



Ch. Van Gelt, Antwerp 



A. Stewart, Salthill . nr. Windsor 



H. Sihreriock, Chichester 



— Bunnev, Kingsland 

 E. Bartlett, Sidm-uth 

 W. Bell, Thirsk. Yorkshire 

 T. Appleby, York 

 J. Canien, Westmoreland 



H. Major, Leeds 



R. Glendinning, Chiswick 



— Harrison, Downham, Norfolk 



R. Pettit, Bury St. Edmunds 



J. Smith, Dalston 



G. Smith, Hornsey-rd., Islington 



Mrs. Bleucore, Dawlish, Devon- 



shire 

 J. Slater, Versailles, France 



J. Back way, East Dereham, 



Norfolk 



M. Brewer, London-road, Cam- 

 bridge 



H. Groom, Clapham 



J. Edwards, New Bridge-street, 



York 

 W. Gregory, Cirencester 



W. Day, Oxford 



PETUNIA PUNCTATA. 



W MILLER refers the readers of the Gardeners 7 

 • Chronicle to his full advertisement of this beautiful 

 flower— just remarking that its Strong, Dwarf habit, and Glossy 

 Dark Green foliage, contrasted with its lovely, large, spotted 

 flowers (far surpassing any Petunia yet out), render it a desir- 

 able object for any greenhouse, and especially to all Exhibitors. 

 He will commence sending out the plants on the 22d inst., at 

 -.?. Gd. each, packed in strong tin cases, to insure their safety, to 

 any part of the United Kingdom, post paid. 



The following Nurserymen have ordered plants, and will be 

 enabled to supply them true :— 



W. Masters, Canterbury J 

 A. Milan, Doncaster 

 J. Ingram, Southampton 

 E. Perkins. Leamington 

 W. Ivery, Peckham, nr. London 

 J. Cook, Lnndonrd.. Worcester 

 * K. Collaneby, Tunbridgc Wells 

 E. J. Lowe, Leuton, Notting- 

 hamshire 

 C. Noyes, near Manchester 

 W. Scirving, Liverpool 

 S. Wain, Blackley, Manchester 

 S. Parsons, Brighton 

 E. Henderson, Wellington-road, 



London 



E. H. Fuller, Worthing 

 J. Webber, Merrish, near Crew- 

 kerne 



J. Kitley, Bath 

 H. Pope, Birmingham 

 J. Griffan, Cowley, Exeter 

 G. Wheeler, Warminster, Wilts. 

 W. White, Swansea 

 W. Potts, Snrewsbury 

 T. Ly'.e, Isle of Man 

 W. Gansall, Hereford 

 T. Pullen, Midhurst 

 J. Charl, Peckham, Surrey 

 Rogers and Son, Southampton 

 Jeffries and Son, Ipswich 

 J. and H. Haycroft, Patrick- 

 street, Cork 

 T. Davis and Son, Wavertree, 



near Liverpool 

 Metropolitan Union 

 J. Frazer, Lea Bridge-road 

 J. Chas. Otley, Peckham 



F. Hood, Plymouth 

 W. H. Homes, Sunbury, Derby 



J. Gill, Blandford 



A. Standsfield, Torimorden 



J. Fryer, Camberwell 



C. Hale Jessop, Cheltenham 

 J. and C. Lee, Hammersmith 

 T. Miller, Battle, Sussex 

 S. Walters, Hilporton, Trow- 

 bridge 



Burgess and Co., Newcastle, 



Staffordshire 



D. Barkeville. Bristol 

 J. Salter, Bath 

 Fisher Godwin, Sheffield 



London Agknts. 



Messrs. Warner and Warner, 

 28, Cornhill 



Hurst and M'Mullen, Leaden- 

 hall-street 



Flanagan and Sons, Mansion 



Noble and Sons, Fleet-street 

 Mr. Kernan, Seedsman, Great 



Russell-street 

 Mr.Corstein, 19 a, Davies-street, 



Berkeley-square 



W 



House-street 



*** This List will not appear again. We shall commence 

 sending out the plants on Monday the 22d instant. 



CO A few strong plants yet remain. 



Providence Nursery, Ra m«gate, April 18, 1844 . 



SUPERIOR NEW SWEDISH TURNIPS, 



7ARNER and WARNER, Seedsmen, 28, Corn- 



hill, London, bes to introduce to their Friends the follow- 

 ing New Swedish Turnips, which tor their general good qualities 

 stand unrivalled ; growing to a Urge size, being small in the top, 

 of a dark yellow flesh, and may be grown as close to each other 



as a Stone or Stubble Turnip. 



WARNER'S RUSSIAN SWEDE . . 2s. 6rf. per lb. 



WARNER'S EMPEROR SWEDE . . 2s. 6d. per lb. 

 Also Warner's Purple-top Yellow Hybrid, 2s. 6d. per lb., with 

 all the varieties of Norfolk and Tankards, of the most genuine 

 and selected st^ck*. from gd. to Is. per lb. 



SKiRVING'S IMPROVED SWEDE TURNIP. 



WSKIRVING, Seedsman, Queen-square, Liver- 

 • pool, begs to acquaint his Agricultural Friends and the 

 Public, that the price for the present reason of the Genuine Seed 

 of his improved Swede Turnip is Is. 6rf. per lb. ; the sort war- 

 ranted the same as that for which he received the Premium of 

 the Royal Agricultural Society of England. All other sorts of 

 Turnip-seeds of the common kinds at the usual prices; also the 

 most approved varieties of Maugold Wurzel, large White Belgian 

 and Altringham Carrot. 



For permanent Pasture, W. Skirvixg begs to offer his Selec- 

 tion of the most useful Perennial Grass-seeds. The sorts selected 

 from personal observation of the growth and habits of the dif- 

 ferent Grasses grown in his experimental Grounds at Walton. 

 On this system he has supplied within a few years, Seeds for 

 many thousand acre*, which have given every satisfaction. 

 Orders stating quantity and quality of land to be laid down, will 

 be correctly executed, with a suitable mixture. 



For alternate Cropping, W. S. can recommend Seed of pure 

 Italian Rye-grass, growp and carefully saved on h is own farm. 



WM. JOHN CORMACK, Agricultural Seeds- 

 man by Appointment to His Royal Highness Princb 

 Albert, New Cross, Surrey, and Bedford Conservatory, Covent 

 Garden, begts to call the atrention of the Nobility, Gentry, and 

 Agriculturists in general to his combinations of GRASS SEEDS 

 for Permanent Pasture, the Alternate Husbandry, Parks, Lawns, 

 &c. (as recommended and practised by his partner, the late Mr. 

 Georgk Sinclair, Author of the ** Hortus Gramineus Woburn- 

 ensis.") Upwards of 25,000 acres have been converted to perma- 

 nent pasture by this establishment with the greatest success. 

 Parties requiring Seeds are respectfully requested to state the 

 nature of the soils. Mangold Wurzel, Carrot, and Turnip-seed 

 of excellent sorts, saved from transplanted bulbs- Garden and 

 Agricultural Seeds of the best quality and most approved kinds. 



N.B.— Cormack's British Queen and Prince Albert Peas, at 

 3s. 6d . per quart. ' 



SHADES FOR GREENHOUSES. 



WEEKS & Co., Architects, Hothouse Builders, 



&c, Glouceater-place, Chelsea, beg to inform Horticultu- 

 rists that they have made great improvements in their excellent 

 and simple plan of Shading, whereby the largest or smallest can 

 be instantly covered or uncovered with a sheet of canvas. To 

 be seen in use at moht of the London Nurseries, and at the 

 Horticultural Manufactory, Gloucester-place, Chelsea, near 

 I Sloane-square. 



j. 



[Apr. 20, 



ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 0*ENftl7mT 



SEEDSMEN. *-^A-A>D, 



THOMAS GIBBS and Co., corner of H \LF Mom* 

 STREET, Piccadilly. London, havioe had th* \JX *" 



newed mark 

 fresh endeav 



general, that thUr- 

 of confidence will stimulate them to continued.^ 

 rours to merit so high a distinction. It has been th# 

 endeavour of the firm ever since their appointment as Seedsman 

 to the late Honourable Board of Agriculture, in 1799. and tot2 

 Honourable Board of Agriculture of Sweden, to devote thtir at! 

 tention to supplying no seeds but Mich as they considerto fee oi 

 the best quality ; and they feci assured, that by strictly adherinr 

 to this principle, they shall be enabled to secure a continuant* 

 of that support whicii they have now received for50 years. 



Thomas Gibbs and Co. beg to call the attention ofAgricul 

 turists to their general Stock of Seeds, to the selection an <J 

 saving of which they have devoted the greatest care and atten- 

 tion. Amontr others, they beg to call particular attention to the 

 following, viz. : — 



GRASS SEEDS, 

 For forming permanent Meadows and Pastures. 



Mixtures of Selected Natural Grass Seed for the purposes above 

 mentioned, proportioned and adapted to suit the nature of dif- 

 ferent soils. T. G. and Co., having formerly had their attention 

 particularly called to this peculiar department of the business in 

 a scientific point of view, by the Honourable Board of Agrii 

 ture in 1799, have ever since that time continued to make the 

 Grasses a matter of particular study and attention. From the 

 long experience in laying down land in all parts of the country, 

 they confidently rely upon their being able to give entire s; 

 faction in their selections. 



Mixtures of the above especially adapted for field-lawns tnd 



parks. 



WHITE BELGIAN CARROT. 



Large white Belgian (or Flemish) Carrot (of which extraorS 



narily heavy crops are obtained). 



Large Field Altringham (Red) Carrot an excellent field Carrol. 



MANGOLD WURZEL. 



i Lone Red Mangold Wurzel (producing very large crop). 



Yellow Globe ditto, ditto (highly approved to shallow soils). 



Red Globe ditto, ditto (adapted to light shallow soils). 



Long Yellow ditto ditto. 



TURNIPS. 



Purple Top Swedish Turnip (combining large produce*\rith 

 beauty of form and smallness of top). 



Green Top ditto ditto (hardy and useful variety). 



Gibbs's Green Top Yellow Hybrid (strongly recommended- 

 will bear sowing later than Swedes, and next to the Swede ia 



hardiness). 

 Gibbs's Red ditto ditto (same as the above, with red top). 



Green Globe Turnip. 



Early Stubble Turnip, and other varieties of known gort 



qualities. . ' 



All kinds of Agricultural and other seeds; different varietw 



of Grass seeds ; Italian Rye Grass, Improved Perennial Rye Gras, 



Clovers, &c. &c. 

 Please address 

 THOMAS GIBBS and Co., the Seedsmen to the Roys 

 Agricultural Society of England," and to the Hon. Boardsa 

 Agriculture of England and Sweden, corner of Half-Moon-street 

 Piccadilly, Loudon. _ 



TO GENTLEMEN, FLORISTS, AND OTHERS. 



MESSRS. PROTHERCE and MORRIS will sob- 

 mitto public competition, at the Auction Mart, Bartho 

 lomew-lane, on Thursday, April 25, 1844, at 12 o'clock, asplen 

 did assortment of GERANIUMS, and other Plants, in blojn 

 choice DAHLIAS, the newest varieties of FUCHSIAS, H^ lAtu> 

 EASE, &c. May b* viewed the morning of Sale. La . ta "5™ 

 may be had at the Mart, and of the Auctioneers, America mm 



sery, Leytonstone. 



AN EXTENSIVE SALE OF VALUABLE SHORT- HORNEI 

 CATTLE, CHEVIOT SHEEP, FARM HORbLa, IM^L* 

 MENTS OF HUSBANDRY, &c. 



MR. CHRISP will SELL BY AUCTION, at , Kil 

 ham, in the parish of K.rknewton Coun y c » No thorn 

 berland, on Thursday, the 9 th day of May, 1814, M**™ 

 able STOCK on the above Farm belonging to Mr. Hugh * j 

 consistinffofabo.it 18 Short-horned Cows and Heters, t* 

 and to Calve; 18 Two-years-old Steera "d HjnUij J 

 grazing; 2 7 Yearlings, 15 Milk Calves and 1 Young BW . £ 

 Ewes and Gimmers, with their Lambs; 360 Ewe «£ . 

 Wedder Hogs, 24 Rams, and 30 Ram Hogs, all of tne pur 

 viot breed; and 36 Draught :aud Young _Hor ses 



Mr. Che.sp can with confidence call the «""" . con stiti> 

 lie to this splendid Stock of Cheviot Sheep, tor m. rf 



tion, aptitudeto fatten, and symmetry of fo inv ^ 7 ThJsaffor(J 

 by few, and surpassed by none in the £' u * foundation of i 

 an opportunity to any one desiring to lay ocCurr in ? . Tht 

 first rate Cheviot or Half-bred Stock rarely occ^^^ 



Short-horns are bred from the Stock of M« _ • aUention c 

 Chrisp, Smith, Rennie, &c., and are weir wor r^ seasons Mi 

 the public. Mr. Boao has used for the '• 2044 C oate' 



Hunt's celebrated BuU, " Guy Faux,' by Gainiora, 

 Herd-book. combining strengtl 



The Farm Horses are nearly all Young, c - th pett »- 

 and Activity with good form, and have bee n , d . the , ftte Mr 

 and attention by the present owner and n» i lements tnt 



John Boao, of Trewit, for many >^ a r r t s hurober i a nd Huabandry 

 Harness, suitable for the improved Northurooei 



are numerous and good. mrn( >nce ureciself ^ Ter 



As the Sale is extensive, it will commence pr desjr0 9 



o'clock, with the Ewes. Gentlemen from b J £ * th em shipp** 

 possessing some of this valuable Stock can ha* e ^ of w j cb 

 Berwick, Leith, Glasgow, Annan, or NewcasUe^ m wh ,cb 

 ports there is easy and convenient access »nmi frotj 



is eight miles from Wooler, five from Cnldsi re coaC u- 



Berwick, and twelve from Kelso, through whic 

 from Newcastle and Edinburgh pass daily. with0 ot reserr 



S* The above Stock is offered to the public, 

 in consequence of Mr. Boao leaving his vvm i 



The usual discount or creait. 



6, H inde-street, Newcastle, April fl/^ - ^ 



ESSRS. LAHEE and ^^ff&t3 



x,x SToav, of Isleworth, to ^^^ndvate contract) W»^ 

 next (unless previously disposed of by pn flreenh oase ^ j 

 tensive and superb Collection of Stove an ^ ^^3 



consisting chiefly of Specimen and H> bl jc. m0 retb^ 3 



CAMELLIAS, &C.&C, comprising mtne aonoanctJ d J 



Thousand Plants. Further part.cu 1«J ™ Cp if not tg *^, 

 future Advertisement, and at the ham »t«n . paJdock . a 



posed of, the Lkask of tbe House Gardens, 



tion Offices, No. 65, New Bond- street. 



M 



M 



street 



TO GROWEls^F~O^CmD AC ^ t0 anlK gJ 



ESSRS. J. C. and S. ^^at^.f^ 

 they will sell by Auction at »»;c , rji »' ia t ^? 



.Cov^t- garden, on W-nj--n^ i p h ^ >£ * 



^_ ijc tw _ "natterjj 



'erty"of"varentine Morris, Es ^_ l n ™exami>le* °'jSU* 

 amongst them will be fonnd ^J^ ^about ; 200 sgV 

 varieties in the finest health : they num of g ale, an ^ 



May be viewed the day prior » n< ; h ro " rem ises, and oi 

 logues had of the Gardener ^"^^covent-g^"- I 



j C. and S. Stbvbns, 38, King-street, v j 



