May 11,] 



THE NEWSPAPER. 



been able to provide a security for the middling and b Mar 

 classes against the dangers, the losses, and the anxieties which, 

 in past time, they had endured from the circumstances 

 and failures of the currency. Screral questions respecting 

 small points of the plan were put to Sir Robert Peel across 

 the table.— The Chairman of the committee then read the re- 

 solutions, whichcontatned, in separate propositions, the plan 

 of the Government. These resolutions were passed and re- 

 ported; and the House then went into committee upon the 

 details of the Factories Bill. Some discussion arose on the 30th 

 clause, limiting the time of children's work to six hours and a 

 half, or in some cases seven hours. Mr. Wakbi/rto.v observed, 

 that though it relieved the Individual children whose working 

 time it shortened, yet, by creating a necessity for so many more 

 children to do the work, it increased the total number of 

 children compressed iato the large towns, which yras the evil 

 chiefly denounced by Lord Ashley. The clause, however, 

 passed with mt a division.— On the 32d clause, for protecting 

 adult women and young persons. Lord Ebriwotoy in a few 

 words objected to the principle of legislating upon contracts of 

 adult labour, and moved the omission of the clause.— Mr. 

 Hume considered that enactment had a tendency to encourage 

 prostitution.— Mr. F. Mal-lk objected to it as an interference 

 with adult labour.— Mr. Hi.vdut thought it an unnecessary 

 clause.— Lord Enai\«/rov said he had wished only to mark his 

 opinion, and would not divide the Committee.— Mr. Humk, 

 however, was not disposed to let the matter pass so easily, and 

 insisted upon dividing. The numbers were— for the clause, 16 1 ; 

 against it, 22 : majority for it, lay.— Tne discussions on the re- 

 gaining clauses had nothing of m iterial interest. 



Tuesday. — Sir R, Pkkl read a letter from Captain Drummond, 

 who, in command of the sloop-of-war Scout, when oft' Alicant, 

 had been charged with refusing to receive the unfortunate in- 

 •argent lionet, by which he fell into the hands of the Spanish 

 troops. From the statement, it appeared that lionet only once 

 came on board the Scout, and, in his capacity of governor of 

 .Alicant, ottered the iiritish officer any assistance he might re- 

 quire, but he had never applied in his distress ; and the Scout 

 left Alicant the day before it was entered by the Spanish Roy- 

 alist troops.— Mr. Hums, in moving for the production of the 

 correspondence between the Court of Directors of the East India 

 Company and her Majesty's Government respecting the recall 

 of Lord Ellenborough, explained shortly the nature of the 

 powers vested in the Court of Directors, of whom twenty-three 

 present (the twenty. fourth being absent ill) concurred in the 

 present exercise of it. It was of great importance ro the wel- 

 fare of India that the Court should stand well with those wham 

 it governed ; and as the majority <*t those who had recalled the 

 Governor -General were supporters of the Government, the pre- 

 sumption was, that it was a wise and well-considered act, not- 

 withstanding the censure of indiscretion so repeatedly and 

 freely bestowed on it by the Duke of Wellington. The pro- 

 duction of the correspondence would set dispute at rest.— Sir 

 R. Pkki. deprecated anything which would bring on discus- 

 sion respecting the conduct of Lord Ellenborough in his ab- 

 sence, considering the actual circumstances which had been 

 felt by Mr. Macaulay to be of sufficient weight to postpone 

 Lis motion respecting G wall or. But a consideration of the wel- 

 fare and tranquillity of India afforded a stronger reason for re- 

 sisting the motion. No doubt a difference of opinion existed 

 between the Government and the Court of Directors as to the 

 policy of Lord Ellenborough, but looking to the great responsi- 

 bility of the government of India which had thus devolved on 

 them, he had felt it his duty to merge all previous differences in 

 cordial conjunction in the choice of a successor. He, Sir R. 

 Peel, had named Sir Henry Hardinge to the chairman and de- 

 puty of the Court of Directors; these gentlemen instantly re- 

 plied that the same name had occurred to them ; and, therefore, 

 Sir Henry Hardinge was induced to accept the appointment) 

 not, as he firmly believed, trom any motive of personal ambi- 

 tion, but from the highest and purest sense of what was due to 

 the public interest. No consideration, therefore, w >uld induce 

 him to fetter the action of the new Governor-General, by suffer- 

 ing the same mail winch accompanied his departure to carry 

 out a detailed correspondence of the circumstances attending 

 the recall of his predecessor, and he hoped the House would 

 sustain him in his determination.— Mr. Astkll said that the 

 Court of Directors had been accused of indiscretion ; they would 





that, at the tune of the Union, there was a tacit uiuler&taudin 

 that the seat of government should remain in Dublin, an idea In 

 accordance with the feelings of the people. So far as his own 

 expem-nce went, he denied the existence of any jobbing, or the 

 interference of subordinate and irresponsible individuals, in the 

 Irish government; and pointed out that it would be no easy mat- 

 ter to transfer from the Lord Lieutenant to a fourth Secretary of 

 State all the varied powers of the many acts of Parliament, the 

 execution of which devolves on the former. The manifold duties 

 of the Irish executive required a large staff or secretaries, 

 clerks, &c. j and the law adviser, if not formally a responsible 

 officer, was at least a very necessary one, inasmuch as a prac- 

 tice existed in Ireland not known in England, that of every 

 paid and unpaid magistrate, and heads of the constabulary, re- 

 ferring to the Government for advice in every case of difficulty. 

 Scotland was not an analogous case, for there there was no dispo- 

 sition to resist the law ; and in a country like Ireland, distant as 

 it was from London, it was of great importance that there 

 should be an officer of the high rank of the lord-lieutenant, to 

 act in all cases of emergency, and to administer the law. The 

 people of Ireland would view the abolition of the office with 

 great dissatisfaction.— Lord J. Rcssem, said that the propriety 

 of abolishing the lord-lieutenancy had been at one time under 

 his own consideration, and the conclusion which had been 

 come to was, that it was not then expedient to abolish it. But 

 his own opinion was, that the present mode of governing Ire- 

 land by a separate establishment was not the best. He saw no 

 great difficulty in assimilating the government of Ireland to 

 that of Scotland ; even the somewhat formidable objection of 

 the great number of references from inferior magistrates arose 

 from the facility which was afforded by the comparative vicinity 

 of the Castle in Dublin, by which these functionaries were 

 tempted to throw all their difficulties and responsibilities on the 

 lord lieutenant. Though favourable to the abolition of the 

 office, he thought it a matter for the consideration of the Exe- 

 cutive rather than of the House, and he would not on that ground 

 support the motion. — Mr. Shaw and Capt. Layard opposed, and 

 Mr. BKLf.Bwsupported the motion.— Sir K. Pkkl impressed upon 

 Hon. Members, that unless they were prepared to abolish the 

 office Incontinently, they ought not to vote for the motion. 

 The power and efficiency of the Lord Lieutenant, he said, might 

 be greatly affected if the House of Commons, by its vote, 

 declared that the office ought to be abolished. He should be 

 sorry to express an opinion in favour of the permanent continu- 

 ance of that office. He thought that the first impression that 

 would present itself to the mind was, that England, Ireland, and 

 Wales should be governed in the same way. But he should 

 most strongly deprecate any resolution which would weaken 

 the authority of the Lord Lieutenant until they were prepared 

 to consider what they would substitute if they abolished the 

 office.— Mr. Humk upon this withdrew his motion. — Mr. Butler 

 moved for a copy of an opinion and advice given by Mr. Penne- 

 father, the present Chief Justice of the Court of Queen's Bench 

 in Ireland, on the 28th February, 1820, in a case or toll, namely, 

 u Pembroke r. Kingsmill,"in which the corporation of Kilkenny 

 was interested, the original of which is in the possession of the 

 present mayor and corporation of that city. The advice 

 of Mr. Pennefather was to this effect:— •' I advise that a 

 person should be produced to search amongst the corporation 

 papers, and in other depositaries of public records, to see if 

 there is any patent anterior to that of James I., and that 

 none such has been found; and that this proof should be 

 given by some person who is altogether a stranger to 

 the patent of James II., and that good care be taken to keep 

 that patent out of his way wherever he went to search."— Lord 

 Eliot said that the document being the private opinion of a 

 counsel to a client, was not one which the House could call 

 fur. There was no doubt of the accuracy of the opinion, but it 

 referred to an invalid charter, the production of which would 

 only embarrass the case. There was nothing in it to impeach 

 the honour and the integrity of the Chief Justice.— Mr. Shaw 

 was authorised to say, that though Mr. Pennefather had no 

 precise recollection of having given such an opinion in the 

 actual terms attributed to him, yet he was ready to assume the 

 fact, and to defend it. Mr. Butler was himself incapable of that 

 of which he was made the instrument— an attempt to overawe 

 the Chief Justice. The proof to be given in the case was the 

 non-existence of an anterior patent; there was an anterior 



not add to it by the production of the correspondence In re 



calling Lord Ellenborough. they had acted from . "sense of pubUc tul f h J 1 r ?*? *< re ? a( \ l *l cd JR 1 f ml the «%■ & ive » was > 



duty.-Mr. Hooo also sVd that the Court h Z acted .mcfrr in ™.?' 8 re P ud ^patent should be kept out of the way of the 



acted under au 

 imperious sense of public duty, and he for one would ra- her sub- 

 roit to imputation than vindicate their conduct by anything- which 

 might be detrimental to the public interest.— Mr. Macalm.av 

 remarked that the Court of Directors had been accused of being 

 guilty of the gravest indiscretion known in our times— an indie* 

 cretion greater than the Walcheren expedition, or the Bill of 

 Pains and Penalties against Queen Caroline. A charge in- 

 volving so much recklessness and rashness, and made on such 

 authority, snould be substantiated, otherwise responsibility 

 was a mere name. Sir R. Peel had avoided the question : with 

 Lis usual skill he had glided from the past to the future. As 

 one of those who had been concerned in framing the new con- 

 stitution of tiie East India Company, he contended that the 

 Court of Directors oughj to have the power of recall, and that 

 tnsy would not suffer it to be taken trom them without a long- 

 and obstinate struggle. He saw that the Court of Directors 

 Lad been unanimous; he found men in it well acquainted with 

 Jndia, ten of them being men the most ignorant ot whom knew 

 more about the character of the ninety or the hundred millions 

 whom they governed, than, with all deference to the minis- 

 terial benci.es, the whole of the gentlemen who occupied the 

 Treasury benches. Nor were the Directors Whigs, and liable 

 to imputations of party feeling ; the majority were Conserva- 

 tives, and supporters of the G ivernmeut. If they were to 

 suspend their judgment, it should be with no bias against the 

 decision of the Directors; and if, next session, wtien Lord 

 Ellenborough might be in tnis country, the Government still 

 refused to produce tne correspondence, the conclusion was 

 inevitable that they dare not.— Mr. Mangles opposed the pro- 

 duction of the papers.— Lord J. Rlsskll did not think it ad- 

 visable to press for them until after the return of Lord Ellen- 

 borough.— Mr. Hl-me insisted on a division. There were— for 

 his motion, 21 , against it, 197; Majority, J 76. —Lord J. Man. 

 xsrs moved for a select committee to inquire into the opera- 

 tion of the laws of mortmain, upon bequests to charitable and 

 religious institutions, and into the expediency of revising the 

 •ame.— Sir J.Graham, although he opposed a similar motion, 

 Dy the Noble Lord last year, was not now prepared to say 



loat it was not advisable to inquire into the changes that had 

 xatten piace UJ the operalioQ Q| tnQ8e Iawg jn J)rocetiS Qf time 



win.IIJJf.? t0 the pollcjr of such ,aws « h « thought that the 



w 7 ^ s e bcst place to diiCua> tnat ^ art of t,,e su »- 



lP?vTto e iS " ° wa * « agrreea to --*'r W. Hkathcotb obtained 

 ™trs ami -V" \ B,U to f *«»tate the collection of county 

 rat fat , ,r f r Me h,ffh constabl « fr«H compulsory attend- 



b^ht\T*nd^ 8l °i lS -~ The rep ° rt of lhe Factories Bui was 

 brought up, and the third reading fixed for Friday 



■fi»u£?! thir H rMdln * ° f the Leeds "and Bradford 

 ??}XL B :L l Z?J* rncA .V W »— Mr. La.o«ch« b called 



Gbaham admitted the ^.nd ik^SffBJrlS^ 

 referred to proper legal con, nation, and meant. me farther 

 action under the powers of the law wa< discontinued -m" 

 Hum* moved an address to the Queen, praving her Majesty to 

 be graciously pleased to consider whether it would not be for 

 the advantage of Ireland, and for the interest of the United 

 Kingdom, to aboli-h the office of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland — 

 Captain Bernal seconded the motion.— Lord Euot argued 



searcher, in order that he might be able to give evidence as to 

 non-existence. The practice of giving such advice was quite 

 usual amongst lawyers. The motion was an attempt to inti- 

 midate ; in proof of which Mr. Shaw read an extract of a private 

 letter from the Chief Justice, in which he so characterised it, 

 and said that, during the progress of the State Trials, he had 

 received letters full of abuse of himself, and of threats and 

 menaces towards his family, of which, though he did not com- 

 plain, yet he grieved, In so far as the administration of justice 

 was concerned.— After some further discussion, the motion was 

 negatived without a division. 



Friday.— sir W. Follktt Attorney-General took the oaths 

 and his seat for Exeter. On the motion of Lord F. Egsrton, 

 a new writ was ordered for South Lancashire. The Blackburn 

 and Preston Railway Bill was read a third time and passed and 

 the Liverpool Docks Bill was recommitted.— Sir J. Graham 

 moved the order of the day for the third readingof the Factories 

 Bill. After a number of petitions in favour and against a ten 

 hours bill had been presented, Lord Ashlbv rose. He said 

 after the three distinct delarations that had been made by the 

 House, he need not make any further attempt, by argument or 

 persuasion to influence the feeling and understanding of the 

 House. It had, by three distinct declarations, decided actually 

 in three cases, that the period of labour should not amount to 

 twelve hours, and in two cases virtually that the period of labour 

 should not exceed ten hours. On those decisions the world at 

 large expected that a middle term would have been taken, but her 

 Majesty s Ministers had refused to consent to that term. Thev 

 had invited a revival of the debate, by calling on the House to 

 reverse these decisions, and therefore they who stood by the 

 whole of these decisions, and who protested against this novel 

 and somewhat questionable course, wsre not to be charged 



? 1 .R7 e ? ryin V ,le attention °* tl >e House, or wasting its 

 valuable time, ,f they did endeavour to urge 'every argument 



d^n^rpl!r eryCt ; n8i,ieration,hatCOuU countervail this pro- 



S n^ S, ; fmi,ll8t l er,8,in ' luence ano ^cial authority. 

 With respect to the moral and phys.cal condition of the people, 



one way or other, the minds of all were made up it was even 

 admitted by many of their antagonists that if a reduction of tf.e 

 hours of labour could be effected without injury to the wo, km 

 or the master manufacturer, it would be uesirable to effecTtt 

 But they said a danger would arise to the wo kme n 4 interests' 

 end he who proposed tne plan, Was actul"y charged 

 with being more inhuman than those who resistld^t 

 But he wished to reject altogether the use of such epithets and 

 he would not in any way retort the imputation cast upon hm of 

 malignity and of cant. In the whole of those debates?! ere was 

 but one thing that he regretted : he did most deeply r" ret tha?he 

 should have been charged with calumniating the B bodv of 

 master manufacturers. He totally disclaimed tint rh I 1? 

 Should be ashamed of "himself ,fL »££** Sth^fer. Or 

 elsewhere, to use such language of s .lass of men who could Coast 

 ot as many munihcent and worthy individual. "" tl,um » oa " 



represented any class which had Sj^^^SSi the" 



institutions oft hit country. Neither beciuse he JuEE*k££ 



self to a particular evil, was he to be considered as an enemy To 

 the factory system. He firmly believed -for hi* h,,i ! • 1 

 examined many of the miilsithat ifThey^emo^soSfS ?he 

 imperfections of factories, thev would become TlTlesC* if not 

 absolutely, certainly and relatively to the labour ng Classes 

 -Now, wnen he first introduced this question, he did not 



not 



wrong 

 still, the 



touch upon the commercial araunienr T^ = -- =::: =: 

 consider it necessary in the 8 " Sew' £?, icTh^ 5 - 

 the question, nor did he consider it necessirw - e ^ ©f 

 owed it to those whose interests he repre, entPr i £°T' But ** 

 had not left any part of the question icon" dered 8 i° Wthw b1 

 not rushed like an enthusiast, into this c areer nn ^ ' thlt ne *S 

 consequences might ensue from the attainment of t?" n * w °*t 

 said at that time what he now said, that what w ewL H « 



' - could not be politically right • he hari hYT m °»otallr 



,e deepest conviction that tt!at which wt *™ h «^M 

 couia not be politically wrong. All that he h^d r ri * ilt 



consideration which he had been able to eive to tL™t ,I] tQe 

 the intercourse which he had had with persons who \ Ject » *"" 

 practical experience, were the best able to instr S P m lheir 

 firmed him in this conclusion. And now he » I?""' C0D ' 

 of the House with very much respect, and with vprv enlre »t 

 nestness that they would be good enough to eivehim th m - ,,chew - 

 tion while he went through a statement which i? Mtea " 

 times dry, and which would he feared be much &«? 4t L *^ 

 coming from him, and which was moreover somewh^T^ 

 Now, after much inquiry he could discover no rnnrl Vi te ' 

 four leading arguments against this measure and ♦i h * a 

 arguments were comprised in the petition from \ul2> 

 which had been laid upon the table of the hTum J? lfp 

 four arguments were that the passing of the T>n u 

 Bill would cause additional employment-that the- »£ 

 be m the same proportion a reduction in the v«ln?°2 

 the fixed capital employed in trade; that there would 1? 

 a great diminution of wages to the great injury of the wnri-.;, 

 and lastly, that there would be a rise in prices, and co, e quen | 

 danger from foreign competition. Now, upon these four S 

 the commercial argument rested. His lordship then entiS^ ^ 

 great length into the details of these points,and concluded h ««? 

 ing that after clause 31 in the Bill, the following clause be addS? 

 "And be it enacted, that from and after the 1st day ' fi7 

 tober, m the present year, no young person shall be emolovV* 

 in any factory more than eleven hours in any one di v „ 

 more than sixty-four hours in any one week ; and that f'rnm 

 and after the 1st day of October, 1847, no young person ahaU 

 be employed in any factory more than 10 hours in any one 

 day, or more than 58 hours in any one week ; and that anr 

 person who shall be convicted of employing a young person 

 for any longer time than is in and by this clause permitted 



shall, for every such offence, be adjudged to pay a penalty of 



more than 10/."- [Left sitting.] 



not less than 3/., and not 



CITY. 



Money Market, Friday. — Consols for account closed 

 at 99f . Red. Three per Cents. 99J to 981. Three-anci. 

 half Red. 102 to 101|. New Three-and-half, 1022 tof 

 Bank Stock, 196; India Stock, 283; Exchequer-bills, 

 76 to 78 prem. 



BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED—G- and R. CAv R| of Banbury, Oiford- 

 shire, drapers— H. [Taylor, of JJilston, Staffordshire, victualler— G. B. 

 Sai.vi, Duke-street, Portland-place, wine-merchant. 



GAZETTE OF THE WEEK— BANKRUFTS.-E. Holm«s, of 3, Kiof. 

 street, Cheapside, warehouseman— H. Simmonds, sen., latr- of Hitfh-itreet, 

 South wark, and now of Lon*-acre, hop factor— \V. H. Nash and W. Ga*s- 

 ner, of Exeter, drapers— T. Cox, of Porchester-ttreet, Connaught-square, 

 fruiterer— C. \Viixiams, of 12, Sutton-street, York-road, former] r of 5, 

 Friday street, Cheapside, furrier— T. \V. Baker, of Woolwich, builder-J- 

 Bird, of il, St. John's square, Clerkenwell, watch manufacturer— J. Mooi- 

 HfusE, of Rotherham, Yorkshire, cattle-dealer— W. F. Nichoisoh, of War- 

 ley, Yorkshire, worsted-spinner— H. Peacock, of Stockton-upon-Tees, Dur- 

 ham, grocer — S. Mbredith, of Liverpool, linendraper — VV. Hixd, of PresUHU 

 Lancaster, common brewer— F. Davis, of Tipton and Wert Bromwich, StaJ 

 fordshire, linendraper— J. Arnold, jun., of Farndon, Chester, and H. 

 Arnold, of Derby, cheese -factors — M. Brunswick. Lime-street, London, 

 merchant — J. Elliott, Caxton, Cambridgeshire, -innkeeper— F. BAVKia r 



merc.nant— <_,. styles, worming, Sussex, grocer ana. tea-aeaier— i. ivemt- 

 stbr, Blackman-street, South wark, builder— S. IVoodrofhk, Chepstow, Mon- 

 mouthshire, wine merchant — G. Parker, Sheffield, spade and shovel-manu- 

 facturer— J. Dixox, Sheffield, linendraper. 



iffletropoltft ana tt* tftrfnftp. 



Royal Academy. — On Saturday the President and 

 Members of the Royal Academy gave their annual dinner- 

 at their apartments in Trafalgar-square, which was at- 

 tended by Prince Albert, the great Officers of State, the 

 Judges, and a large number of Peers, Members of Par- 

 liament, &o. The private view of the pictures took place 

 previous to the dinner, and on Monday the exhibition 

 was opened to the public. 



Literary Fund Dinner.— The 55th Anniversary of 

 the Literary Fund was celebrated on Wednesday m 

 Freemasons' Hall, the Marquis of Northampton, Pre- 

 sident of the Royal Society, in the Chair, supported by 

 the Danish Minister, the Earl of Arundel and Surrey,. 

 Lord J. Manners, Lord R. Grosvenor, Lord Bolton, 

 Viscount Adare, Viscount Emlyn, Sir John Barrow, S>ir 

 Robert Inglis, by several Members of Parliament, and a 

 large number of Fellows of the Royal Society. 1« 

 Report stated that the sum distributed by the Society m 

 relief to distressed Authors and their families, during 

 the past year, was 1145/., making upwards of 30,OOUf. 

 applied to these benevolent objects since the foundation 

 of the Society. The Chairman, the Earl of Aruadci 

 and Surrey, Professor Owen, Mr. Mimes, M.F., 3K. 

 Gaily Knight, Mr. Serjeant Talfourd, and other gentle- 

 men addressed the meeting, and donations were 

 nounced to the amount of upwards of 800/. ^ 



Excise Seizures.— Suspicion having been excited ,i 

 spirits were sent from Messrs. Smith's dl8tllle J|J* : 5 

 Whitechapel, to be rectified at a higher strength to a 

 legally allowed, a supervisor of Excise proceede a ^ 

 week to the premises, and on examination foun d 

 large stock, just about to be sent away, was consid e j 

 above the legal strcn-th,and the answers to his que ^ 

 not being satisfactory, he seized the whole, consu 5 

 21 puncheons, and containing 2310 gallons of ? wn 

 tish spirit, which were conveyed to the Exc, . 3e 

 houses, to await adjudication by the Commission -^ 

 On Thursday week, in consequence of informal *^ 

 ceived by the police, a seizure was made of a ^ 



still, which was found underground, ad J 0,nl "5 m0 ntoD, 

 tage-built house, at Barrow-well-green, near uaai ^ 

 and which has been since ascertained to u» g 



manufactured by it every week, & very ^ 

 quantity of spirits. There was a lawn m iroi. • ^ 

 at the back of the cottage a paddock, two nsh-po' ^ ^ 

 out-houses. The occupier, whose name is supp° er _ 



Goodwin, and who described himself as a Dun 

 chant, kept his horse and chaise. Upon mak,l | ga L on d f 

 the officers discovered an aperture leading under g 

 which was fastened by a door. They removed this, ^ 

 they discovered the illicit stills, which ^^^t 

 making about 20 gallons of spirits in each, mei 



