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May 18,] 



THE NEWSPAPER. 



the manufacturiafe districts during the recess and had inquired 

 of the people themselves ; and they had told him that they 

 •would prefer fcajmurs with less wages, for they believed that 



Seat advantageiwould result to them from the alteration.— 

 r. M. Suttob spoke against, and Mr. Hawks in favour of the 

 ten hours restrtgjion.— Lord Pollington saw no reason to 

 change either hjii^pimon or his vote in favour of Lord Ashley's 



\lfK» Laboucherk also opposed it. — Mr. S. 

 arrived at his conviction from deliberate and 

 , founded on the best information that he could 

 procure ; and without hesitation, or without apprehension of 

 the result, he should vote in favour of the clause.— Mr. Bright 

 went minutely into detail, in order to show that Lord Ashley 

 had been led into gross exaggeration with respect to the 

 nature and extent of the toil of the spinners. Some of the 

 chief informants of Lord Ashley were men worthless in 

 character, and had been convicted of breaches of the law, 

 especially one Mark Crabtree, who was a "short time" 

 delegate, and a haunter of the lobby of the House, and who had 

 been in an awkward position at Aylesbury about a stiver spoon 

 and other articles. He counselled Lord Ashley to get rid of 

 such advisers and guides; and warned the House that the 

 direct road to diminution of toil was by first enlarging the field 

 of subsistence through the operation of free-trade.— Lord 

 Asiilkv briefly explained that, with reference to a particular 

 statement which he had made, Mr. Bright had fallen into 

 error, and then indignantly asked who was the gross exag- 

 gerator?— Mr. Shaw, seeing that the question between 12 and 

 10 hours was one, not of principle, but of degree, and not being 

 affected by the ingenious calculations which had been adduced 

 by Sir R. Peel and Sir J. Graham, felt bound to maintain his 

 own consistency, even in the face of the alleged hazard of 

 breaking up the Government.— Mr. C. Wood argued that the 

 striking off of one-sixth from our productive industry by the 

 adoption of the ten hours would fall inevitably on consumption 

 through wages, aggravate that moral condition which they 

 wished to amend, affect caj ital as well as labour, by diminish- 

 ing profit; and, amongst other sufferers, reach the hand-loom 



remarked that if the Government were wrong in proposing a 

 limitation to twelve hours, that was no justification for those who 

 pushed it farther. Taking the number of persons employed in 

 the factories at 450,000 (estimated by the horse-power of the 



I" a t JIT?" T? their Was?cs at an average of 10 shillings 

 each that would give a weekly sum of 225,000/. paid in wages; 



?? ( Ln? m ' th , C ad ?[ ,tlon of the ten hours would strike off 



?££«„?£ Wee i k ' T *.* u as an enormous experiment; and 

 they must bear in mind that, in diminishing the labour of a 



beneficial for the population ; and looking to their congrega- 

 tion in masses, he warned the House that if they neglected 

 them, they might one day awake from their pleasant dream 

 and find them menaced by multitudes disregarding all that they 

 were accustomed to esteem as sacred. Looking to the moral 

 condition, and desirous of affording them time for education 

 and social improvement, he would cheerfully vote for Lord 

 Ashley's motion.— Sir R. Ivglis and Mr. Collett added a few 

 observations, amidst much uproar, the latter expressing his 

 wish to see the amendment carried, for the purpose of getting 

 rid of the Bill altogether.— A division then took place, when 

 there appeared ;-for Lord Ashley's motion, 159; against it, 

 297; majority against the ten-hours clause, 138.— This an- 

 nouncement was received with much cheering and triumphant 

 laughter on the Ministerial benches. 



Tuesday. -On the motion of Lord M. Hill, a new writ was 

 ordered to issue for Kilmarnock, in the room of Mr. A. John- 

 stone deceased.— Mr. Collett asked Sir R. Peel when he in- 

 tended to proceed with the Irish Registration Bill ? -Sir R. Pbkl 

 answered, certainly not before the holidays.— Mr. S. Crawford 

 asked for leave to bring in a Bill to extend the Parliamentary 

 suffrage, and to secure the free representation of the people. He 

 was supported by Dr. Bowring, and a division being called for 

 before any reply was made to these two speeches, his motion 

 was rejected by 97 to 31.— Mr. Watsov brought under the con- 

 sideration of the House the nature of the recent act, 5 Sc 6 Vic, 

 c. 103, awarding compensation to the six clerks in Chancery, 

 whose offices were abolished. These compensations had been 

 valued by a competent authority, and it was calculated that 

 they would cause a charge upon the suitors in the Court of 

 Chancery of one million of money. The annual sum to be paid 

 was 78,741/. 14s. Ud. out of the pockets of the suitors. The 

 offices of the six clerks were ancient offices, but latterly the 

 duties had been very small indeed. They were not appointed 

 to any office, they had merely a monopoly of a business— to con- 

 duct the business of the Court of Chancery. In the reign of 

 Charles II. there were go of these persons. They had little 

 or no duty to perform ; in fact they were an absolute obstruc- 



to do than to 



some of those 



year. They 



* us Jt JJL • 5500/. a year 



for life ; and he did hope the House would think that it was a case 



which called for the most rigid inquiry. Their fees depended 



on the number of attorneys employing them. A man might 



fill the office for 50 years and not receive one shilling, but if he 



was enabled to conciliate the attorneys he might make a large 



income. The Lord Chancellor and the Master of the Rolls had 



the power of altering the fees which they were allowed to 



receive, from day to day and from hour to hour. Lord Hard- 



presented, and numerous 



terest had been answeredTsir'T °L 



Eyvart, stated with regret that thewar h^ «> Mi 



and Monte Video was still carried on wUh Ween Ba «* l£L 



ide ; but h.didnottm-n£^ lt £»°«^in<Ta£2 



EL, 



WW* 



to either s 



ince, could i nterfere 1 with an v~^L 8U U0TeilI nent."» 

 or would be justified by the law o ^ nations ^ °t?*** 

 asked ,f means of safety for British hfeTndT^ M G ««5r 

 taken ?-Sir R. P„ L sa id, ships-of-wa^-ff^^TH «*2 



that of France, o«taSfi?SS»« B ™* g£!25» 



or would be justified by the la 



asked if means of safety for Bi 



taken ?— Sir R. Peel said, shiba-oi-war »-. • - --* — _ 



sumc,ent precautions taken •cV^iS? £%£& 



CITY. 



7 riday.— Consols 



closed 



Money Market, 

 Reduced Three per Cents" nfto^ ^T* &t ,"*• 

 Reduced 101A, and NewThree-and haTf Zcl? t!f 

 Bank Stock, 191-2; India Stock, 286-7 .St 10 * 

 bills have declined to 66-70 pm. ' Ex(heQn «- 



ieqaer- 



La 



»»ha.l-, trw . 



7r«; j^."m'- C "™'"K n »™. tssex, innkeeper- j "" ,* f Up p M,t *«r~ 

 itreet-biiildinftB, Citv, merchant- J. Hakkr lai.«f o Pw «- "U 



r-T. H . \\'KT«on K , of Worcester, K rS-er-Eh»n eVOn, V r '' ««*• 

 h.nt-J. W. H A RR„,of \Volverham Dt on fc --?"**-: °' Sirml-. 



Coleman-s 

 shire, grot 

 J- 



ney-at-law 

 ham. mere 



JJUtropolis antr its tJitinitv. 



Dinner at the Mansion-house.— On Wednesday even- 

 lng the Lord Mayor gave u banquet to her Majesty's 

 Ministers and a numerous assemblage of guests. Amonr 

 the company were the Lord Chancellor, Lord Whara- 



A -th* **'V ^ 31 i , u,a oe » ,n mcr » a tax "Pon the income 

 of the working man to the extent of 161 ner cent • and nnf 



only so, but they would lay such a tax oVmacnTnery as ?he 



oSSSSLS^Vl l ° , the ' r " hort - 8i *hted "esire to maintain 

 h»5 h?. dl r Pe - SS competition with the power-loom, 



ft ™ ^nlJ^ 1 n d ? n ' ln ° rder to ^scourage factory labour 

 It was alleged that increased activity and energy would 



Srhlch £ i<22 H° r ; ' urmshed with * calculation from a mill, 



Snccs to w ' w a ? /" com ? elled ' fe y accidental circum! 

 stances, to work for five weeks, on ten instead of twelve 



X r t S V a ?^ a r f eiUlt f Sh °T edtha i the actual P roduc * fell below 



moduct ^ C T h S n i a i r0 , ,n - ll - me ' ih ?? a haVe beeu thc diminished 

 product. This was decisive on the point. They were told that 



WhVt w« n m ° ra,ISr Wr ° ng C ° Uld n ° tbe Pol^ca ^ rigM? 

 l^^l^>!™^^i S l ^°. ™ to se^ 4 - 



A 



consiii 



and ten nours r.gnt, how would they meet the man who" 

 contended for eight hours? He could not reconcile the 

 notions of Lord Howick about our foreign trade w 1, £e 



™™™™?\ UC doct 'ines of political fconomy. Exports 



were surely as important as imports; and the cheaper 

 vre produced, the more able were we to command bv 



»2 a i„ ma , n ?' aCtUre8 thC pr ° dUCe of other countries He was 

 afraid of foreign competition. A long period of peace had 



ensued ; and reading from a recent report by a Belgian genVle- 

 man who showed that in the United States, Trance Prussia 

 Austria, &c the hours of labour varied from'74 tG "si u tc 04 

 hours a week, while in England they were only 69, he warned 

 "° r u " l*™«. attempting their farther reduction to 58 

 \\ev> ere reviving in our commercial prosperity, but that verv 



t»rL a i^ I>P f Sh r e , d thC intensit r c-f ^reign competi on, and 



bour ' St? n! e S ng WiUl ° Ur ° Wn mo?e »°dified hou'rs of 

 i k ? n« » n . ge doctrines w ere uttered in the course of the 



££?S iSlSBS-iSS!" for Birmingham, intimated th* i? 



ripnV;' n rei, T ated P.nnciples of wisdom matured by exne- 



rience. Depend upon it, other demands would press Tunon them 



if they yielded to what was supposed to be the »o„u Kr w 1? 



The turn-out colliers had issued an address 11/ whi c *i Z ev 



claimed with much show of reason. 4,. for eight ho us' work 



and such would be the nature of the requests which wou\d be 



pressed upon them. He called on them to aid the Gove?nmen? 



m resisting the popular will, because it would not be fo™ he 



popular interest; but if they did not, they must pursue the r 



triumph under other auspices, and with guides whocould.ee 



r.?/L Clear,y than th P' diU lheir wa y in ^ia matter. For him! 

 self he was prepared to retire into a private station, ra^r 

 than raain office for the purpose of carrying what he conceive" 



7n,?iR C c S01UJ, ! r ? US . t0 .v the , Welfareof the community-Lord 

 John Russell did not think it fit to mix up this j»reat nuctiem 



with that of Ministerial confidence. Were the/ to . r?jec Tu 



cf'lhe^av 1 ? 5 ' Si' In """I* a i ffCCt K the «'«««ce of Jhe Wuustry 

 thefl! nr\Ln/H heir twelve ,hours they refused to adopt 

 tne 84 or the 94 hours per week of other countries ■ and L 

 Adam Smith had not pointed out in what !ay the difference be 



flvfn " in W thH h ° Ur ? ?? d tCn ' th *y Were not to be taunted wUh 

 I onlskinn VAf °/ ^ V™^™ of political economy. The 



&S25 ^rSe^^'Si c° "» !i ^^ HeTaVnol 



calculations orMriemo^ror'?^ " '' bUt the co » flicti "ff 

 worthy, did not on e^min«r °u Cl Torren9 » a » d ™r. Ken- 



theres'nctioHf IVEZ™ )Zl' J?" <>»}«* Ration that 



our manufactures as^to'render ^ WOuld SO raise the cost of 

 markets. But even " u°p^u^ OUr f «r.r L nSa,eable in ^reigi, 

 more formidable than i ; wm ^ i n Jtlvl F l com Petition to be 



raw cotton, which ^«lSti%^ t &S er i 1 T .» he taX ° n 



tion of Lord Ashley would only affect S" 7 hlIe the P r °Posi- 



Of 7 per cent. And there we re 1 hf UxS^fSS? ^S" 8 , CXtent 



continue to over-tax thepowers and t hP T a h° d " , Wot,ld the ^ 



sons, in order to maintain th^ fcon,-?aw, > u^lS !° un * per ' 



opinions on this question , but the question waJ h^^K l " S 



actuated by an unworthy motive' Onlv o.J^,' had he been 



insinuated-Mr. Roebuck-who, how i'^hj uS ^ "2 



out of the sphere of our sublunary transaction? for HE*" 



-fools rush in "-he insinuated that he waShfisei? S^i "F 



Nor was thc taunt of change very forcible, as com ^ fr g ?* 



Ministerial benches. Sir V Peel. who'^^Tr fenU? laid 



down such clear principles on the currency, had, in earl v 1 ,rL 



voted with his leaders against the doctrines he now advocated 



The real question on the subject of the ten hours was what was 



_ V ' ouv,n uiiaes, Miinui 10 nave 



been an abuse, that compensation was given. All the Admirals 

 in the Navy did not get as much ; neither the naval or military 

 service was rewarded in this way. What officers in the 

 civil department received salaries so enormous ? The Masters in 

 Chancery, who had only to tax six-and-eightpences for five or 

 six hours in the day, received a salary almost equal to the 

 Speaker of the House of Commons. The thing was almost too 

 ridiculous to be treated seriously. He moved for a select 

 committee to inquire into all the circumstances attending 

 the passing of the compensation act, and into the nature, duties 

 and emoluments of the officers, and the propriety of continuing 

 their compensation. -The Solicitor-General, Mr. Tuesiger, 

 defended the act, mainly on the ground of vested interest: and 

 after a debate, in which Mr. Jjsavis, Sir J. Graham, Mr. Wil- 

 liams, Mr. C. Bullish, and Mr. Warburton. took part, the 

 motion was rejected, on a divi*ion, by 84 to 68.-Sir D.Norrbvs 

 brought forward the names of several Members to form the 

 select committee on the Irish Poor Relief Bill.— Sir J. Graham 

 now opposed the appointment of any committee, and on a divi- 

 sion the question was decided against the committee by 42 to 

 10 -On the motion of the Chancellor of the Excheouer, a 



?i!L e ?i. C S in ! , . l !. te o t0 lnquife int0 the duties and emoluments of 

 the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery was granted.-Sir D. Nor- 



revs obtained a select committee to inquire whether the pre- 

 sent townland valuation of Ireland, made by the commissioner 



iLZul , ; n r n M Under 2a Ac V & 2 V,c - c - 52 ' can be ra ade 

 available for the imposition of poor rate and other local rates in 



that country; and also, whether it be not desirable to alter the 

 principle on which the townland valuation is now constructed. 

 Wednesday. -The House sat for about half an-hour ; and 

 after a few petitions had been presented, Mr. Gladstone 

 brought up the report on the select committee on railways 



c V ou 1 S?ed S o a ut t0 be P rinted > when the House was 



rh^h^,'7 Th . eCHANCELLOROfthe Exchequer announced 

 that he could not go into committee on the Sugar Duties until 



fJn5?H^ 3d Ju, ? e - Sir R - *"« ^ve notice that he in- 



tended to move, on this day week, that the House at its rising 



ffntlim r 6 Thu 2 d *y '""'wing, being the Whitsun recesf 

 -On the motion of Mr. T. Duxcombe, a return was ordered of 

 all moneys pa,d, or to be paid, to Mr. Hughes, or any Jhort- 

 hand writer or writers, for notes taken of the proceedings in the 



SnStEl SETS! S en ?' Dub,in ' previ0U8 to ami during o? 

 since the trial of « the Queen v. O'Connell and others." Also 



a return of all moneys paid, or to be paid, for any notes taken 



of the proceedings at Conciliation Hall, between the 1st Inlirtt 



813, and the present time.-Sir C. Napier brought forward the 



state of the Navy, and moved a resolution to the i effert, " That 



nUnll t reC ° m ,Tv. ndati0n of this House » that previously to the 

 preparation of the estimates for 1845, a plan of retirement be 

 devised for the purpose of rendering the Naval Service effident 

 and rewarding old and meritorious officers." He stated it as 



baursrnVihlf, 6 , *«■» ?"*«*• Commaade^onfne-o" 

 thi fir. 8 . P 8 u° ul J d be P^n^ted to retire. He proposed that 



anowedto%et U I rp dred h C ? tai,,8 , 0n the list 8h °ula at one ^ be 



To 0001 He held S!? h W °K Uld Cause an ex P ense of only 

 iv,vvui. lie held that neither the country or the Nf*vv 



serWclt .dlTt^; EUher S3 mUSt •»°" offi' er ^ on y 

 lVZ! n l ! Ut ' or ?lve a ret »red list, or they must beein 

 at once to return to the old system of forty or St tv v^ars aST 

 of promoting captains to the rank of admirJtelno ■& ,"„i fS7 



commission was that it would not be good policy to do so He 

 ^re^a^S 



be men fit for service, and the Government might bi assured 

 that ere long they would be compelled to accei p r« tht « * 



mo, ion ._After a discussion, in which 8ir^oVa.«% Pr SS t 

 Pechell, Lord Ingestre, Capt. Harris and m 5 u * P 

 took part, the House negatived th^i^^^"^ 

 House went into committee on the Isle of Man CiUtnm. a;?. 

 and Mr. Glaosto.vk moved a new .cheSul Tof ^tSs^U^rl' 

 ory to introducing a Bill for regulating the Customs in^hat- 



^^tondTime^ 6 ^ - Th6 ^ ^■53 - »5- 



^rirfay.-After several petitions on various subjects had been 



stone, the Solicitor-General, Sir G. Clerk, Sir T. Fre- 

 raantle, the Governor of the Bank of England, the 

 Deputy- Chairman of the East India Company,' the 

 Aldermen, &c. After the usual toasts, the Lord Mayor 

 proposed « Her Majesty s Ministers." Sir R. Peel 

 returned thanks. " It was the wish of the Government," 

 he said, " to act in concert with the municipal authorities 

 of the kingdom. There were very few of the Court of 

 Aldermen with whom, in the course of his long official 

 life, he had not had some communication, either in the 

 capacity of sheriff or lord mayor, and he could bear, 

 from personal experience, a willing testimony to the zeal 

 and steadiness with which they discharged their duties. 

 They would be proud, as Ministers of the Crown, if they 

 thought they deserved and possessed the confidence and 

 good opinion of the citizens of London. They had tried, 

 in the discharge of their public duty, to use the influence 

 of this great country for the maintenance of general 

 peace. They were inclined to put an end, as far as they 

 could, to all jealousies and animosities which might have 

 subsisted between this and foreign courts. They had 

 tried to do this without any cession of the interests or 

 dignity of the country ; and if peace had been broken in 

 any part of the world, they trusted that, during their 

 administration, the lustre of the British arms had been 

 maintained unimpaired. At home they had tried to 

 maintain the authority of the law without any harsh 

 exercise of the powers which the law had given them, 

 and still more without asking for any new or unconstitu- 

 tional addition to these powers. They had tried to 

 equalise the public revenue with the expenditure, and to 

 avert the evils of increasing the national debt in a time of 

 peace. They had tried to maintain the public credit, and 

 to exhibit to other nations the truth of that homely, bat 

 not less important maxim, that " honesty is the best 

 policy," and that that country which scrupulously main- 

 tained its public engagements was not only best consulting 

 its character and its honour, but also acting in a manner 

 most in accordance with the principles of true economj. 

 In carrying out their policy the Government had been 

 supported by the confidence of her most gracious Ma- 

 jesty, who was heart and mind interested in the welfare 

 o( her subjects. They had received also the undeviating 

 support of an independent Legislature, and if there i were 

 any other source of strength and confidence, and it they 

 could find it in the upholding voice of the city of . Lond *[ 

 — the organ and fitting representative of enhghtene 

 public opinion— they would receive everything that w 

 necessary to induce them to persevere in the cour 

 which they were pursuing, with the constant hope an 

 expectation that the result would be for the happi^ 

 honour, and welfare of that great community over w °" r 

 destinies they were called upon to preside.' Several o 

 toasts and speeches followed, among which Lord asuj 

 returned thanks for the House of Commons, ana 

 Solicitor General for the Bar. t , M f 



General Post Office.— The recent increase in tne fl a y 

 duty of the General Post-office is manifested in e i 

 department of that establishment. So g reatl *' S "ru- 

 in the newspaper-office, that the authorities nBVC f b ^, istin . 

 pelled to resort to every practicable means of _ 

 the officers by the introduction of mechanical cown 

 to lighten 

 size and wei 



numbers (now nearly iuu.uuo per ws-j "_. h i c h (the 

 necessary to make them up in immense sacks, w \ ^ 

 men being unable to carry them) are wheeled y ^ 

 tramway to the floor of the omnibuses, whence iu j ^ 

 taken to the termini of the several railway a. o ^ 



reduction of the rates on letters, the number botn in 



