506 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 





Hibiscus Catntroni, and a considerable number oi Conquering Hero, Pucelled'Oi leans. 2d. the Small Silver 



Heaths, among which was an excellent liartnclli, in 

 luxuriant growth, its brandies hanging over the pot 

 and feathered with healthy foliar -, a magnificent bush 

 of Jacksoni, and a good Weatpbalingia, quite a mass of 

 bloom. — Mr. Fairbairn obtained a Large Silver Medal 

 for Lilium eximium, having ten full) -expanded blossoms; 

 a purple Petuni», named Beauty; some Fuchsias, and 

 several young, but finely-managed Heaths. — Mr. 

 Schroder and Mr. Cox showed in the Amah its' Class, 

 the former bringing the best plants, among which was a 

 good Erica Irbyana ; Boronia vimineH, witli small pink 

 blossoms; Mimulus Frazeri, a pretty dark variety; 

 Marty nia fragrans, and a yeliotr Thunbergia, called 

 Frazeri. — From Mr. Cox was Achimenes longiflora and 

 grandiflora ; Eucomis punctata, producing four spikes 

 of green-coloured blossoms ; a Gloxinia, and a plant of 

 Lilium punctatum speciosum. Of Heaths there were 

 two Collections present, one »from Mr. Fairbairn, of 

 Clapham, the other from Mr. Jackson, of Kingston. 

 Of the two, that by Mr. Fairbairn was the best; it 

 contained good plants of ampullaoea vitata, a variety of 

 ampullacea called 8. nana ; Savileana, in a lovely 

 state; Jasminiflora alba, in fine health; and a dwarf, 

 bushy plant of eximia, loaded with bloom. — 

 From Mr. Jackson was tricolor superba, an excellent 

 variety ; cerinthoides, with brilliant scarlet blossoms ; 

 the free-flowering Savileana, a pretty Jasminiflora alba, 

 a large princeps carnea, and a good eximia. Some Or- 

 chidacese were present, but among them there was 

 nothing novel or particularly ,fine. — Mr. Don, gr. to 

 G. F. Cox, Esq., received the First Prize, for Cattieya 

 Harrisonii exhibited as a single specimen; and also for 

 a Collection containing Miltonia spectabiiis, Cycnoches 

 chlorochilum, Broughtonia sanguinea, and Catasetum 

 Russellianum. — A second group was from J. H. Schro- 

 der, Esq., in which were Vanda Roxburghi and Peristeria 

 pendula, in fair condition. — The Second Prize, for the 

 best single specimen, was awarded to Mr. Cuthill, for 

 Lisianthus Russellianus, which had 18 stems, and was 

 two years and four months old. — A well-grown Lisian- 

 thus Russellianus, finely in bloom, was also exhibited by 

 Mr. Kay, gr. to B. D.Colvin, Esq., who likewise showed 

 a tall Humea elegans, Mahernia incisa, Myoporum 

 parviflorum, with white star-like blossom*, and some 

 others — Mr. Bruce was awarded a Large Silver Medal, 

 for the best specimen plants of six distinct genera, 

 among which was a fine Leschenaultia formosa, and a 

 beautiful small Gardoquia Hookeri. — From Mr. Jen- 

 nings, of South Lambeth, were Erica mammosa, Lotus 

 Jacobseus, and some Fuchsias. — Among miscellaneous 

 objects was a Collection of Cockscombs from Mr. Scorer ; 

 ■well-managed Balsams from Mr. Atterton *, 7 good 

 plants of Lisianthus Russellianus from Mr. Cuthill ; a 

 group of Cacti from Mr. Schroder; and a box of cut 

 Indigenous Plants from Mr. Turner. — Of Cut Roses, 

 there was a good display ; bunches of 12 varieties were 

 ■hown by Mr. Edmonds, Mr. Parsons, and Mr. Paul, 

 and good boxes of Cut Flowers were sent by Mr. Garty 

 and Mr. Bruce. 



The show of Picotees and Carnations was upon an 

 extensive sea e, the number of competitors being very 

 numerous, and the flowers in excellent condition. The 

 tent devoted to this part of the Exhibin'on was crowded 

 during the day, and the display of these beautiful flowers 

 appeared to afford universal gratification. The Silver 

 Cup, offered by Mr. J. Dickson for 12 white ground 

 Picotees, to be contested for among the amateur mem- 

 bers of the Society, was awarded to T. Barnard, Esq., 

 for a remarkably fine stand of flower?, consisting of the 

 following sorts:— Ely's Great Western, Sharp's Duke 

 of Wellington, Ely's Favourite, Brinkler's Lady Emilv, 

 "Wain's Victoria, Wildman's Isabella, Burrough's Lady 

 Douro, Sharp's Gem, Green's Uueen Victoria, Jrssop's 

 Sir W. Middleton, Wilson's Pluperfect, and Barnard's 

 Mrs. Barnard. — To Amateurs, Members of the Society, 

 the Gold Medal was awarded to Mr. Edmonds, for 12 

 blooms of white ground Picotees. This stand, which 

 was very fine, consisted of W r illmer's Princess Royal, 

 Nulli secundus, Jessop's Sir W. Middleton, Orson's 

 Adelaide, Green's Queen. Barraud's Cornelius, Ely's 

 Grace Darling, Headley's Nannette, Gidden's Princess 

 Royal and Teazer, Crask's Queen Victoria, and Brink- 

 ler's Purple I'erfecrion.— Lwrj?* Silver Medal, to the 

 Rev. A. H. Matthews, who showed Dickson's Trip to 

 Cambridge, Crask's Queen Victoria, Lndy Alee Peel, 

 Seedling, Enchantress, Ne plus Ultra, and Regina (seed- 

 lings also) ; Brinkler's Purple Perfection, Nulli Secundus, 

 La Elegante, Sir R. Peel, and Lady -de Grey.— Middle 

 Silver Medal was awarded to — Proctor, jun. f Ber- 

 mondsey ; to this collection no names were attached. 

 Smal Silver Medal, to Mr. George Leach, for 



Medal to Mr. Atterton — (no names.) — For 12 blooms 

 of whi»e ground ^Picotees. 1st, Middle Silver Medal, to 

 Mr. Welch, gr. to G. Edmonds, Esq., for Kirtland's 

 Wellington, Willmer's Princess Royal, Jessop's Sir W. 

 Middleton, Barnard's Mrs. Barnard, Orson's Adelaide, 

 Ely's Grace Darling, Green's Queen Victoria, Gidden's 

 Process Royal, Brinkler's Hope, Burrough's Lady Flower, 

 Wood's Mrs. Vesey, and Sharp's Wellington. — For the 

 2d best stand, the Small Silver Medal was awarded to 

 JVlr. Embleton, gr. to T. Barnard, Esq. — Sharp's Duke 

 of Wellington, Green's Queen Victoria, Nulli Secundus, 

 Jessop's Sir W. Middleton, Wilson's Pluperfect, Wain's 

 Queen Victoria, Willmer's Princess Royal, Wildman's Isa- 

 bella, Ely's Grace Darling, Dickson's Trip to Cam- 

 bridge, Crask's Queen Victoria, and Barnard's Mrs. Bar- 

 nard. — Among Nurserymen and Florists, for 12 

 blooms of Carnations, the 1st Prize, Large Silver 

 Medal, was awarded to Mr. Willmer, for Willmer's 

 Conquering Hero, Prince of Wales, Duke of Noithum- 

 berland, Hufton's Lord Wellington, Addenbrook's Lydia, 

 Puxley's Prince Albert, Sharp's Duke of York, Wilson's 

 Harriet, Hepworth's True Briton, Brown's Dr. Watts, 

 Brook's Flora's Garland, and Squire Meynell. — 

 '2d. Middle Silver Medal. — Mr. Norman, of Woolwich, 

 for Wilson's Harriet, Hale's Prince Albert, Holmes's 

 Count Paulina, Wigg's Earl of Leicester, Ely's Hugo 

 Meynell, Mitchell's Patriot, Brook's Flora's Garland, 

 Sharp's Defiance, Mausley's Bonny Bess, Roi du 

 Capucin, Norman's B, and Low's Grand Sultan. — 

 3d. Small Silver Medal. — Mr. Bates, of Oxford, for 

 Wilson's Harriet, Haie's Prince Albert, Nix, Lord Chet- 

 wynd, Addenbrook's Lydia, Calcott's Brutus, Jones's 

 Brilliant, Ely's Lady Ely, Hepworth's True Britou, 

 Young's Earl Grey, Martin's Splendid, Toon's Prince 

 Albert, Gregory's Alfred. — For the best 12 blooms of 

 white ground Picotees. 1st Prize. Large Slver Medal 

 to Mr. Willmer, of Sunbury, whose stand contained 

 Willmer's Princess Royal, Gidden's Vespasian, Wild- 

 man's Isabella, Nulli Secundus, Willmer's Queen Ade- 

 laide, Sharp's Wellington, Wilson's Fanny Irby, Gidden's 

 Miss Hennell, Jessop's Sir \V. Middleton, Gidden's 

 Teaser, Barraud's Bordene, and Hupton's Charlotte. — 

 The Middle Silver Medal to Mr. Keynes, of Salisbury, 

 for Gidden's Miss Hennell, Wain's Victoria, Sharp's 

 Hector, Orson's Adelaide, Crask's Victoria, Wildman's 

 Isabella, Hupton's Charlotte, Barraud's Cornelius, Wil- 

 son's Pluperfect, Green's Queen, Nulli Secundus, and 

 Sharp's Wellington.— For Heartsease, in stands of 36 

 varieties, Mr. Brown, of Slough — the Middle Silver 

 Medal. This stand contained Htnnibal, Viceroy, 

 Hale's Dark, Maid of the Mill, Orlando, Bella, Fair 

 Maid, Warrior, Eclipse, Enchantress, Mulberry Superb, 

 Duke of Beaufort, Coiherstone, Attila, Black Prince, 

 William Tell, Chevalier, Alicia, The Prior, Plenipo, 

 Venus, Duchess of Richmond, and 14 seedlings. Mr. 

 Brown also exhibited a stand of 18 varieties of Dahlias, 

 in very fine condition :— The Beauty of the Plain, Brown's 

 Blue Bonnet, Standard of Perfection, Essex Triumph, 

 Brown's Lady St. Maur, Sir R. Sale, Miranda, Springfield 

 Rival, Dodd's Prince of Wales. Perpetual Grand, Bedford 

 Surprise, Mrs. Shelley, Rembrandt, Brown's Delight, 

 Indispensable, Phoenix, Union, Tournament, and Queen 

 of the Isles. 



Seedling. — For the best white ground Picotee. the 

 Small biker Medal was voted to the Rev. A. H. 

 Matthews, for a seedling named Enchantress; and a 

 similar reward to Mr. Norman, of Woolwich, for the 

 best seedling Carnation. Seedling Heartsease recom- 

 mended for a Prize, from Mr. G. King. 



Of Fruit, among Gentlemen's Gardeners for the best 

 collection of four sorts, the Large Silver Medal was 

 awarded to Mr. Hamp, who also obtained the first prize 

 for Grapes. — The award for the four best sorts in the 

 Nurserymen's class, was given to Mr. Bursill, and Mr. 

 Chapman obtained a Middle Silver Medal for good 

 specimens of Black Hamburgh Grapes. Of Vegetables 

 the best were shown by Mr. Gaines, and Mr. Atterton. 



By C. F. 



stands of 24 varieties, Middle Silver Medul Mr J 

 Hunt; Small Silver do., Mr. W. Hall.— Amo'ng Gen- 

 tie-men's Gardeners, for 12 blooms of Carnations, the 

 Middle Silver Medal was awarded to Mr. E«,b m. gr. 

 to T. Barnard, E?q. This stand contained the following 

 Tarieties : — Datton's Lancashire Lass, Hale's Prince 

 Albert, Wilson's Harriet, Queen of Shebu, Greig'g Mary 

 Barnard's Duke of Roxburgh, Martin's President, Roi 

 Da-obert, Lord Pollington, Ely's Lady Ely, Willmer's 



Sebiefos. 



The Scientific Phenomena of Domestic Life. 



Gower, Esq. 12 mo. Ridgway. 

 The plan of this trifle is excellent. The Author explains, 

 in familiar language, the true causes of the common 

 phenomena that meet us at every step, and are therefore 

 overlooked. If written by men acquainted with the sub- 

 ject, such books are invaluable, and that Mr. Gower is 

 well acquainted with them, the following extract will 

 abundantly ebow: — 



"The current of air and smoke which ascends the 

 chimney, is again an object to attract our attention- 

 caused by the same expansive power of hear. The air, as 

 it passes through and over the fire, becomes greatly 'in- 

 creased in bulk, and consequently lighter; that is, a 

 gallon of air expanded to double its bulk, or two gallons, 

 will weigh only as much as it did before it was so in- 

 creased, which causes it to ascend through the denser 

 part, leawng its space to be filled by cold air from the 

 door or window. By this means the fire is supplied with 

 the proportion of fresh air necessary for combustion, 

 whilst a considerable quantity of ranfied air ascends the 

 chimney, carrying up with it the smoke or dense vapour 

 which arises from burning bodies. 



u It may be inquired how it is that, when a fire is 

 lighted in a room, the air does not descend the chimney 

 to supply it, because that appears the easiest access to 

 the outride air; and this, if the chimney were very large 

 and quite open above, so as to admit space enough for 

 Ian ascending and descending current, might be the case. 



[July 27, 



To obviate this, if the chimnev~i« \nro^~^T~ 

 opening at top, by putting 2 "«S^^^ *J 

 means the current of ascending air is rendered so £2 

 through he small aperture as to prevent the external 2 

 from entering. We are very frequently disturbed hi 

 smoke coming into our rooms, particularly at first light 

 jug a fire, and more especially when other fires in the 

 house have been burning some time previously. When 

 this is the case it will occasion a downward current of air 

 in the chimney, caused by the other fires requiring a 

 supply of air; and the open chimney being the easiest 

 way by which the air can find admittance, this occasions 

 the chimney to smoke when the fire is first lighted ; but 

 if the door of the room is closed and a slight portion of 

 the window opened, the room is cut off from communica- 

 tion with the other fires, and the smoke will then ascend 

 the chimney. When the fire is sufficiently established to 

 cause a good draft, the window may be again closed and 

 the door opened without further annoyance, because theair 

 to feed the other fires iu the house will no longer find this 

 chimney the easiest way of introduction, and°some other 

 means of entrance will probably soon discover itself. Sud- 

 den gusts of wind are apt to cause chimneys to smoke, by 

 removing the equality of the atmospheric pressure on'the 

 outside, whilst the interior pressure is not exactly subject 

 to the saras influence. During the gust, the perpen- 

 dicular pressure of the atmosphere above is partly re- 

 moved by the velocity with which it passes over, in the 

 same manner that the pressure or weight of a cannon- 

 ball is removed from the earth while it is flying along, 

 its velocity having overcome its gravity or wcght ; but 

 when it loses its velocity, its weight again becomes per- 

 ceptible, and it falls to the ground ; the consequence is, 

 that during the time of the gust, whilst the pressure is 

 removed, there is a rapid draft up the chimney, caused 

 by the waut of resistance above ; but the moment the 

 wind lulls again, this pressure returns, the upward draft 

 is suddenly checked, which causes a momentary obstacle 

 to the ascending current, and a puff of smoke in the room 

 is the most probable result. Some particular direction 

 of wind will generally influence a chimney in this way 

 more than another, either from some peculiarity in the 

 situation of the chimney above, or from the apartment 

 being more or less immediately influenced by the same 

 cause ; for, it is clear, if the variation of pressure above 

 and in the room is simultaneous, no confusion will take 

 place, but if the one happens a few seconds after the 

 other, a contrary effect will be produced." 



We heartily commend this little work to all our young 

 friends. 



NOTICES of NEW PLANTS WHICH are EITHER 



USEFUL OR ORNAMENTAL. 



LiBLiA majai.is. The May-flower Lselia. (Stove Epiphyte.) 

 Orchidaceae. Gynandria Monandria.— The history of this charm- 

 ing plant is so well given by Mr. Bateman, that we beg to extract 

 it from his magnificent work on the Orchidacese of Mexico and 

 Guatemala. " This lovely plant abounds in the most temperate 

 parts of Mexico, where its exquisite beauty has rendered it a prime 

 favourite with the natives, from whom it has received the familiar 

 appellation of ' Flor de Mayo.' It does not, however, appear to 

 have been long known to botanists, Dr. Schiede having been the 

 lirst to send specimens to Europe, which, through the liberality of 

 Professor Schlechtenriahlhave been extensively distributed. Liv- 

 ing plants were first obtained by Mr. Barker, from Oaxaca, through 

 the instrumentality of Mr. Ross: and more recently, a large supply 

 has been received by the Horticultural Society of London, collected 



by Mr. Hartweg in San Bartolo, in situations so elevated, that the 

 temperature sometimes falls below the freezing point. This habi- 

 tat, so unusual for an Orchidaceous plant, will go far to explain 

 the ill success that has hitherto attended its cultivation, for while 

 it is comparatively easy to imitate the close and humid atmosphere 

 in which most of the tribe are found, it is infinitely more difficult 

 to provide a substitute for the pure air and frequent changes of 

 temperature in which these mountain epiphytes would seem to 

 delight. Indeed, so signal, in the case of Lselia majalis, has been 

 the failure of even the most experienced cultivators, that although 

 there was scarce a collection that did not contain ov.e or more 

 specimens of the plant, still did it obstinately retire to flower, 

 except in the solitary instance about to be described, when it 

 yielded to the skilful treatment of Mr. Dillwyn Llewel y n ' h ?; 

 Penllergare, who has favoured us with the following note:— ims 

 plant was purchased,' says Mr. Llewelyn, 'about three years since 

 from M. Deschamps, and soon afterwards potted in very rougn 

 fibrous peat, being kept nearly dry in a cool plant house, until us 

 new buds began to swell, when it was removed to a hot and (lamp 

 stove, kept exclusively for Orchidaceae. Water was re n ul JV y 

 given until its buds had acquired their full size, when it was ms- 

 eontinued by degrees, and the plant carried back to a lower ten - 



igour 

 have 



perature. This treatment has been repeated, and under it 

 entire genus seems to thrive, although, perhaps, from the v g 

 of some specimens of L. anceps and L. autumnalis, which 1 n 



ui suiue specimens oi jj. ancops ami l. huiu.l.». , • . , 



attached to pieces of rough barked wood (with a little pea i 

 round the root), I should prefer that course of treatmentwv 

 more usual one of potting them.' The mode pursued n> J» • 

 Llewelyn is certainly the only on- under which success ^n De " 

 cted j but there is vet a point to be gained, tor while tne ™. 

 mens at Penllergare, however beautiful, consisted of only a .so n j 

 flower, in a wild state, three or four are borne upon ajP IK £ 

 method of managing the plant in the Gardensot the Hoi rucui 

 Society is as follows : _lt is tied to a block of wood and s,l ^" u t0 

 to a rafter in a moist stove. When removed from one dio ' 

 another, which is sometimes necessary, it will be lourm uc 

 to place a slice of turfy peat or a small quantity of iipbag num 

 tween the wood and the roots of the plant; this rei * m *™f f n *l eT 



nece<sarv for it on the bare block of wood would p tQmnpratur e 

 toplants'in pots below it. In the growing season the ttmpe 

 does not exceed 80° by day, nor does it fall below ,0 tfng" 

 winter 56° with fire-heat is quite sufficient.- Botanical liegxster. 



Miscellaneous. 



Myrrh and Frankincense.— -Major Harris descnoes 

 the Myrrh-tree (Balsamodendron Myrrha) as growi g 

 abundantly on the Aby^iman coast of the Red ^atoin 

 Straits of B*b el Mandeb, over all the ba " e " 7"^ 

 of the low zone inhabited by the Danakil or Adaiel tnoes. 

 It is called Kurbeta, and there exist two varieties , one 

 producing the better description of the gum bemg a dwar 

 shrub, with deeply serrated crisp leaves of a dull I green i. 

 while the other, which yields a substance more like oaim 

 than myrrh, attains a height of ten feet, and has brignt, 



