1844.] 



THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 



No. of Ankles ] 

 Exhibited at * 



513 



ANALYSIS OF THE EXHIBITION. 



Stack- Yaui>. 

 Proposed substitutes for thatch . • 



Rick ventilator 



Hay sample borer; assortments of rick-cloths 



iron rick-stools, and frames, &c. 

 Rickstands ....... 



Sundries. 

 Iron Barrow for heating* and transporting: tar 

 Machine for breaking stones » ■ • 

 Fan-b'ower, for cut or in-door forge 

 Iron Field gates 



Assortments of iron Hurdles, fencing, Seats, Bar 

 rows, Trucks, &c. Saw-machines, Screw jacks 

 Cranes, Pumps, Garden-tools, &c. . 



Weed and Bush Extractor, assortment 



AGRICULTURAL CARRIAGES, HARNESS, 



AND GEAR. 



Waggons, Carts, &c. 



Waggons, without springs • . , 



„ on springs 



Harvest Waggon, on springs t 



Market and Corn delivery carriage, on springs , 

 Waggon, formed of two combined carts 



Carts, without springs 



for general and harvest work, on springs , 



for harvest, without springs 



market and family, on springs . . « 



for liquid manure 



for solid manure, with drills 



Q 



i. a 



5 



1 



6 



1 

 1 

 l 

 3 



4 



3 



4 

 10 



* ft 



- G 



J3 



c 



a 



Award vf Premium* — continued. 

 To Mr. Hill, Dndley, for hi* Cow-crib 



To Mr. Garrett, Saxmundham, lor Sprintrall's 

 Stack-stand . . 



To Mr. Hill, Dudley, for his Sheep-fence . 



To the Earl of Ducie, Dursley, for Clyburn's 

 Screw spanner 



To Mr. Pearce, Andover, for his Back-band Tup 

 To Messrs. Tasker and Fowle, for their machi 

 nery for drawing water . 



To Mr. J. Reid. Reg.nt Circus, Piccadilly, for his 

 Fire-engine 



To Messrs. Kansome, Ipswich, for their Horse- 

 works with Hean-splitter, Chaff cutter, ano 

 Linseed crusher 



To Mr. Cambridge, Devizes, for his Steam- engine 



To Messrs. Kansome, Ipswich, for their hand- ) 



2/. 



Silver Medal. 

 Silver Medal. 



Silver Medal. 

 Silver Medal. 



Silver Medal. 



5/. 



30/. 

 5/. 

 20i. and 

 J Silver Medal. 



»» 



»» 



»» 



„ with solid and liquid manure bodies . , 



Breaks:— Applicable to waggons, carts, and car- 

 riagesof all kinds 



Sets of Wheels, axils, Sec.:— Various 



Harvess and Gear. 

 Set of single-horse Scotch harness . 

 Sets of improved names, saddles, bits, and reins 

 Whipple-trees, or coupling-bars . 



Dbaiv-Tiles and Implements. 

 Machines for making tiles and bricks . 

 Set of tools for forming concrete drains. 



Sets of specimens of tiles 



Drainers' levels 



Screen for sorting drain-stones . 

 Draining-ploughs— (see Ploughs.) 



DAIRY IMPLEMENTS. 

 Churns. 



Upright, various motions 



Box, ditto 



7 



3 



1 



1 



1 



10 



t 



s 



2 

 3 



1 



1 



— 3? 



• * 



• • 



• • 



-46 



1/ 



2 



1 

 3 

 2 



1 



• " 



— 9 





—25 



Cheese Presses. 

 Single 



Double 



Single, with curd-crusher attached 



4 

 4 



8 



Curd Mills. 



various • • • 



Milk truck and cask 4 



Miscellaneous. 

 Dynamometers, two kinds . 

 Odometer, or land measurer , 



Veterinary instruments, various . 

 Collections of soils and manures . 

 Map in relief for exhibiting the water-levels, un- 

 dulations, and geology of a district . 



Domestic. 

 Cast-iron barrel thrawl or niter . 



Meat-salting machine 



Egg-hatching ditto 



Flour-mills, Garden-engines and tools— (see Barn 

 Machinery.) 



4 



1 



1 



— 6 



3 



1 



—11 



• • 



-7 



• • 



* • 



4 

 1 



2 

 1 



• * 



1 

 1 

 1 



1 

 1 





3 



AWARD OF PREMIUMS. 

 The following is the Award of Prizes for Implements, so far 



as it has yet been published. 



I. — Ploughs. | 



To Messrs. J. R. and A. Ransome, Ipswich, for\ 



their heavy land Plough / 



To Messrs. J. R. and A. Rausome, Ipswich, for ( 



their light land Plough . . , . j 



To Messrs. J. R. and A. Ransome, Ipswich, for 



Locock's patent Plough .... 



To Mr. John Bruce, Stratford-on-Avon, for his 



skim Plough 



II. — Drills. 



To Mr. R. Garrett, Saxmundham, for his Drill \ 



for general purposes ... J 



To Mr. J. Smyth, Yoxford, for his Turnip and i 



Manure Drill / 



III. — Scarifiers, &c. 

 To the Earl of Ducie, Dursley, for his Col- 7 

 tivator . , j 



To Mr. D. Harkes, Knutsford, for his expanding 

 Horse-hoe 



To Mr. Garrett, Saxmundham, for his patent 

 Horse-hoe 



To Messrs. Saunders, Williams, and Taylor, Bed- 

 ford, for their patent Harrows . , 



_ IV.— Chaff-cutters, &c. 



to the Earl of Ducie, Dursley, for his Chaff- 1 

 cutter . , . . . . J 



?« JJ r " S ardner . Banbury, for his Turnip-cutter 

 10 "*• H °rnsby, Grantham, for his Cake-crusher 

 «, j.* .p. _ V. — Sundries. 



10 „ r . Coombs » Barford, for his Oxfordshire 

 Waggon .... 



£n n£ St ' att P n . Bristol', for "his Harvest cart '. 

 1° Ji ltt S f ° r h,s Agricultural spring-cart . . 



Cart C ' Dursle y» lor *** Richmond 



25 JJ 1 "' 5 tratton . Bristol', for his Water-cart .' 

 t« m C ¥ rosskill » for his Clod-crusher 



«l« Hornsb y» Grantham, for his Drill- \ 

 prcsscr 9 ? 



T ° *h* it" M eid ' Rc & ent ' CiTC * s > Piccadilly, for 

 his subsoil Pulveriser 



mel?er OCb ' NortnMa Pt°n I ' for his Barley hum- 

 T ° ^pres^*" "' "*•* for ^W. Cheese: 



To M« "s^Vi?" tSf °' rd ' '* W-'c»«rn .' ! 



stabl^sTr^n/, and ,S?" Cambridge, for Con- 

 Tn Mr 1 •£ - re J? l l and Clover-drawing machine 



kUn Km&ht ' Maid8 tone, for his patent Hop- 



To" Mr d2X&*P& ■**** Boncbr«l e' 

 10 Mr. Deane, Birmingham, for his Hand-mill 



Premiums. 



10/. and 

 Silver Medal. 



10/. and 

 Silver Medal. 



5/. 



5/. 



20/. and 

 Silver Medal. 



10/. and 

 Silver Medal. 



10/. and 

 Silver Medal. 



5/. 



Siver Medal. 



5/. 



10/. and 



Silver Medal. 



5/. 



5/. 



15/. and 

 Silver Medal. 

 Silver Medal. 



Silver Medal. 



5/. 



20/. 



10/. and 



Silver Medal. 



10/. 



Silver Medal. 



Silver Medal. 



5/. 



5/. 



5/. 

 2/. 



Silver Medal. 





drain, tile, and pipe machine 



Rather than give a mere list of implements exhibited 

 by the various machine-makers, which would not in- 

 terest the generality of our readers, we have in the fol- 

 lowing statement singled out a few deserving of parti- 

 cular notice, enlarging at some length on their merits. 



Ploughs. — We cannot give anything like a descrip- 

 tion of the very many implements of this class exhibited 

 this year. The following remarks by the Judges, ex- 

 tracted from the Report of the Derby Show, apply equally 

 to that at Southampton :— -"They would particularise, as 

 worthy of high commendation, those produced from the 

 manufactory of Messrs. Ransome, composed entirely of 

 iron and steel. The beams of thete ploughs are con- 

 structed on the truss principle, which, though novel in 

 its application to the plough, has long been appreciated 

 by mechanic* as possessing the greatest stiffness com- 

 bined with lightness. It is this consideration which has 

 induced those makers to abandon the use of wood, here- 

 tofore chiefly used by them for this part of the plough in 

 preference t > a beam of solid metal. The structure of 

 their improved iron beam is such as to destroy lateral 

 vibration, particularly at its root or junction with the 

 body of the plough ; it admits also of a neat and power- 

 ful fixing, as well as ready adjustment of the coulter. 

 Tremor in mechanism is well known to consume power 

 uselessly ; and in the case of the plough, vibration in t.ie 

 beam, though it be insensible to the eye, renders the 

 guidance of the implement more difficult, and its work 

 less exact. The circumstance of increased stiffness 

 attending mere weight of matter, may have been one 

 cause why the heavier ploughs have not unfrequently 

 been found to require less force of draught than lighter 

 ones for an equal weight of soil moved ; but stiffness is 

 not incompatible with lightness, and a diminution in the 

 weight of an implement, when perfect action is otherwise 

 secured, must be attended with economy of power, or, 

 what is the same thing, with a diminution of resistance', 

 whence truer work results. It is also important that the 

 stilts or handles should be stiff enough to transfer the 

 effort of the holder to the body of a plough, with the 

 least expenditure of his strength ; for, the easier its guid- 

 ance, the greater will be the certainty of the labourer s 

 attention to his business. This property has also re- 

 ceived the care of Messrs. Ransome, and, together with 

 the simple means applied for adjusting and replacing 

 the mould-boards, shares, and wearing parts of the va- 

 rious ploughs exhibited by them, testified to the thought 

 and ability bestowed on the most minute details of an im- 

 plement which still maintains its claim to be the most 

 indispensable, as it was probably the earliest invented, 

 auxiliary to human labour in tilling the soil. "—Mr. 

 Howard of Bedford, Messrs. Barrett and Exall 

 of Reading, Messrs. Saunders and Williams of Bedford, 

 and others, exhibited numerous implements in this class, 

 with one, two, and without wheels. We select two, 

 both of them turn-wrest Ploughs, as exhibiting much 

 ingenuity. One of the best of this kind was exhibited by 

 Mr. Comins of South Molton, Devon. We do not 

 speak here of its efficacy as an agricultural implement, 

 for we did not see it tested on the trial ground, but of the 

 means of shifting the mould-board, share, and coulter 

 at the land's end. This is ail done by one simple opera- 

 tion: the implement has a double mould-board, so slightly 

 curved as that each in succession answers the purpose 

 of side-plate, while the other acts as turn-furrow. The 

 under and upper side of the share are brought into action 

 alternately, its edge being presented alternately right 

 and left, according to the way the implement is working. 

 The motions necessary to effect the change in the position 

 of both mould-board and share, are obtained by shifting 

 a lever, which rests on the handles, from one side of the 

 Plough to another. This act gives the required half- 

 revolution to the share, by means of a crank on a longi- 

 tudinal shaft, lying in the body of the Plough, above the 

 sole-plate to which the share is attached ; and by means 

 of a pinion upon this shaft working into rack-work, 

 on a bar stretched between the mould-boards, this 

 half-revolution at the same time effects the re- 



quired alteration in the position of the turn-furrow 



The other Plough, that exhibited by Messrs. Ransome, 

 named in the catalogue " Lowcock's Patent Plough," is 

 also on the turn-wrest principle. Its body consists of 

 two mould-boards, of a correctly-curved form, placed 

 back to back, each with appropriate beam, share, and 

 coulter. The two beams are connected by an iron rod, 

 which runs the whole length of the implement, and 

 along it the draught-bars and chains slide from one 

 beam to the other when the horses turn at land's-ends. 

 It will be seen that the plough does not turn ; it is a 

 completely double implement, either end working equally 

 well. The two ploughs, of which, in fact, it consists, 

 have handles which are common to each ; and being 

 hinged at the top of the implement, in the middle of its 

 length, they are easily lifted over from one end to the 

 other when necessary. In order, also, to shorten the 

 implement, instead of having two complete mould-boards, 



back to back, the one i. made to encroach, as it were, 

 upon the other so that the w- would intersect were -J 

 not that around the vertical line ,a which this intersection 

 would take place a portion of a mould-board is made to 

 rotate, one side of which fits, when in forking position, 

 to one mould-board, and the other to the other. The 

 front curves of the mould-boards are counterparts of 

 each other ; while the hinder curves of the mould-boards 

 are formed by a fly, which, turning on a centre, alter- 

 nately presents the continuation of the curve of either 

 the right or left mould-board, as required to be used. 

 When the ploughman has completed the furrow turned 

 to the right, he reverses the handles ; at the same time 

 the draught-chain, to which the horses are attached, is, by 

 the act of their turning, carried on a rod to the opposite 

 end of the plough. The fly on the mould-board, by its 

 own pressure against the soil, assumes its correct position, 

 and the implement is at once in order for turning 

 the furrow to the left without further adjustment.— 

 A premium of 5/. was awarurd to a skim Plough, 

 invented and manufactured by Mr. Bruce, of Tedding- 

 ton, Stratford-on-Avon. In addition to its similarity 

 to the efficient implement exhibited by Mr. Hill, o'f 

 linerly Works, Dudley, which was rewarded at the 

 Derby meeting, it possesses a very simple means of 

 being raised or depressed in the ground, dependent for 

 its action ou a pressure applied to the handles— A 

 simple draining Plough, capable o! cutting out a small 

 dram, and laying the earth alongside of it. was exhibited 

 by Mr. Harkes, of Mere, Knutsford, Cheshire.— Mr 

 Bruce exhibited a subsoil Plough, which was rewarded 

 at Derby, and highly praised in the Report by tHe Judges 

 of that meeting. The following description is extracted 

 irom the Derby report : — •• The Show-yard contained 

 implements having stirrers upon the plan of the Charl- 

 bury subsoil, 1. e. affixed to the hinder part or heel of 

 the plough. Mr. Bruce's contrivance is on a different, 

 and it is thought a superior ptinciple. He applies to 

 the right hand side of his plough-beam, and about 

 parallel with the point of the share, a frame containing 

 two tines, adjustable as to width and depth, which, by 

 means of a lever brought convenient to the ploughman, 

 can be raised out of work at the land's-end, and set in 

 again on the next bout with great readiness. The tines 

 stand off from the beam so as to work to the depth of 

 about 5 inches below the furrow-slice last turned, and 

 thus loosen the soil previously trodden by the horses, 

 leaving the dice also in no inconsiderable state of di- 

 vision. On trial, the action of the tines did not at all 

 appear to derange that of the plough, or throw additional 

 labour on the holder. The Judges have learned that this 

 combination has been used and much approved by prac- 

 tical farmers in the inventor's neighbourhood. From 

 observing the effect of this arrangement, it has been 

 suggested to Mr. Bruce, that in certain soils, with the 

 addition of Mason's knives, a very complete disintegra- 

 tion of the surface, as well as the loosening the subsoil, 

 would be effected by the plough at one operation." In 

 this instrument, as shown at Southampton, this sugges- 

 tion has been attended to, probably, for we did not see it 

 at work, with the best effect. 



Scarifiers, Harrows, &c— The Society's Prize of 

 10/. and a Silver Medal was awarded to the Earl of 

 Ducie, for his seven-tined Uley Cultivator. This proved 

 a most efficient implement in the trial-ground. In com- 

 parison with Biddle's Scarifier, of which several were ex- 

 hibited by various makers, on the part of which Messrs. 

 Ransome, of Ipswich, still contend that they manufacture 

 the best scarifier, we think it possesses the advantages of 

 a better and less-liable-to-choke arrangement of the teeth, 

 and a better and more efficient form of the tooth as a 

 stirrer and cleanser of the ground. Whether the means 

 tor raising and lowering the implement in the ground i% 

 practically inferior or superior to that adopted in Biddle's 

 implement, we shall not venture to determine. — A 

 parallel expanding Horse-hoe, exhibited by Messrs. 

 Barrett and Exall, of Reading, presented a very simple 

 adaptation of the principle of the parallel ruler. The 

 advantage obtained in this case is the ability to employ 

 curved teeth, which are far more efficient than those of 

 the ordinary vertical form. This curved form cannot be 

 used in implements having the ordinary radial method 

 of widening, because in this case, if in any one position 

 of the radial bar in which they are morticed, they face 

 their work, then in any other position, when the machine 

 is working at any other width, they will work sideways 

 on, and so incur a liability to bend and break. Parallel 

 expanding Horse-hoes were exhibited by the Earl of Ducie 

 and other makers.— We did not see the Harrow which was 

 exhibitedlastyear at Derby, by Mr. Hopkin, of Ashbourne, 

 Derbyshire. The following description is extracted from 

 last year s Report :-« The Harrow is circular, like a cart- 

 wheel and lies flat on the ground, the tines passing 

 through the felloes. A horizontal revolving motion is 

 communicated to it, as it is drawn forwards, by means 

 of an endless chain proceeding from a carriage in 

 advance, and passing round a pully fixed upon, and 

 concentric with, the rim of the Harrow, but of smaller 

 diameter. The power is derived from the carriage- 

 wheels, as in other cases. The execution of the appara- 

 tus was very imperfectly adapted to give effect to this 

 novel idea, but the principle, perhaps, merits the atten- 

 tion of mechanics, as the double action, compounded of 

 the progressive and circular movements, appeared to pro- 

 duce a very considerable comminution of the soil. 

 Several circles of teeth may be inserted in the same 

 wheel, and if it be found that the power used in giving 

 the spinning or revolving motion be paid for in the 

 I quantity or quality of the effect, this construction might 



^ prove advantageous as a surface-pulveriser. The expeii- 



