

1844.] 



THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 



515 



well known. As an implement of this kind we must 

 mention the Corn Gatherer exhibited by the Messrs. 

 Ransome ; it consists of three large rakes, each attached 

 to a common axle, and as each becomes filled, a simple 

 act on the part of the driver releases it from its rigid po- 

 sition, and another takes its place. Implements hitherro 

 made for the above purpose have been difficult to unload, 

 even with the application of great strength to lift them 

 over the gathered heaps. The gatherer leaves its load 

 at the will of the driver without being lifted up, and with- 

 out disturbing the heap it gathers together ; while one of 

 a treble row of tines alternately be^in to gather the 

 swathe, when the previous working tines have finished 

 their heap, the size of which is regulated as required for 

 one or two fork's full. The implement now exhibited is 

 for one swathe at a time, the horse walking by the side 

 of the swathe. For light Corn in largs fields, th<5 

 gatherer is made for two swathes at a time, and for very 

 light land Corn may rake all the land (except where the 

 row is left), clean at the same time. The principle upon 

 which it acts is applied to horse- drag rakes, and by 

 which much larger rows are got together than can be 

 done by lifting up the rake, and thus save much time in 

 getting up rakings.— The Society's prize of 30/. was 

 awarded to xMessrs. Ransome, (or a neat and concise 

 arrangement of three important implements, viz. Chall- 

 cutter, Bean-mill, and Mill for bruising other Grain ; 

 these are all driven by one and the same horse-power, and 

 are situated within the circle described by the horse in its 

 revolution. — Mr.Crosskill exhibited his well-known Clod- 

 crusher, which is superior to all other implements of the 

 kind ; it possesses the advantage, which the inventor has 

 patented, of having every toothed wheel— of a series of 

 which it in fact consists— slipped loosely on a circular 

 axle. Each revolves in any case which requires it, inde- 

 pendently of the others, and this not only diminishes 

 the draught of the implement but makes it more efficient 

 and easily turned at the land ends.— Many Wagons, 

 Carts, Harvest-carts, &c, were exhibited by* Mr. Strat- 

 ton of Bristol, and Mr. Crosskill of Beverley.— The 

 Society's Prize of 15/. and SilverjMedal for the best 

 Watrgon was awarded to Mr. Coombes of Shipton, near 

 Burford, Oxon. It consisted of two parts, either of 

 which might, be taken apart and used as a cart ; as both 

 ends of the Waggon were alike, and shafts could he 

 slipped in at either end.— An excellent Churn, to which 

 a prize of 10/. was awarded, was exhibited by Mr. 

 Harkes of Mere, near Knutsford, Cheshire. This, 

 which is an upright cylinder, contains within it two 

 frameworks of beaters revolving on the same upright 

 shaft, one within the other, but by means of a very 

 simple arrangement of bevil wheels, above the imple- 

 ment, they are made'to move in contrary directions, thus 

 producing a most perfect commixture and agitation of 

 any fluid in the barrel.— A great variety of Weighing 

 Machines were exhibited by Messrs. James of Fish- 

 street Hill, and Messrs. Cottam and Hallen of Winsley- 

 street, London.— A variety of Drainiug-tile Machines, 

 of various sizes and prices were exhibited by Mr. 

 Etheridge, of 11, Furnival's Inn, London.— A DrainW- 



foregoing report of the Implement Show of Southampton, 

 drawn up from a necessarily hurried examination, many 

 valuable implements have been overlooked. Should this 

 have been the case with anything possessing good claim 

 to be classed as a new implement, we shall be happy to 

 correct our error, on being supplied with the means of 



doing so. 



Trial of Implements. — Towards noon on Tuesday 

 those who had congregated in such numbers at the 

 Implement yard, began to move off towards Swathling 

 farm, on the Winchester-road, where ground had been 

 secured for the trial of implements. This was not so 

 much for the information of the Judges, who had already 

 determined on the merits of the implements from a 

 private trial of them on the previous day, as for that of 

 purchasers and others anxious to judge for themselves 

 in the mutter. On reaching the ground, we found it 

 extremely hard from the effects of the weather — unfit 

 indeed to show the action of most implements. Various 

 drilling-machines, cultivators, harrows, rollers, horse- 

 hoes, &c, were tried in an adjoining field after the 

 ploughing was over ; some of them performed their work 

 excellently well. Crosskill s clod-crusher — the land was 

 Justin condition for it — proved a most efficient implement. 

 V\ e shnll not, however, describe this part of the trial, the 

 more, because owing to the great confusion which pre- 

 vailed, very little information could be gathered from an 

 inspection of the work. In the other field 16 ploughs 

 had started work; they were arranged as follows : — 



No. Character of Implkmbxt. 



. 



1 



2 



Two- wheel Iron Plough 



Name op Exhibitors. 



Mr. Hill, Brierly, Dudley. 

 Messrs. Tusker and Fowle, 



Andover. 

 Mr. Clybum, Uley, Glouces- 

 tershire. 

 4 J American Plough (Swing) ) Messrs. Hughes, Norse, and 

 -"**-• ■ j j Mason. 



Messrs. Saunders & Williams, 



Bedford. 

 Mr. Clark, Romsey. 

 Mr. Howard, Bed lord. 

 Messrs. Sims and Brown, 



Tollard Royal, Dorsetshire. 

 Mr. Howard, Bedford. 

 .Mr. Simmons, Sittingbouriie. 

 Messrs. Barrett and Exall, 



Reading. 



Lowcock's Patent Turn-rest Messrs. Ransome, Ipswich. 



14 Wheel Plough, Y.M. . 



15 Ditto, Y.O. . 



16 Ditto, Y.L. . 



5 

 6 



7 



8 



9 



10 



11 



12 

 13 



One-wheel Plough 

 Swing Plough , 



Eagle Swing Plough 

 Two- wheel Pluugh, VV.S. 



One- wheel Plough 

 Wheel Plough, J. H. . 

 Ditto, Ransome's, Y.D. 



Ditto Ditto 



Smart's Turn-rest Plough 



One-wheel Plough 



Ditto 

 Ditto 

 . Ditto 



g. 



tile machine on Etheridge's principle, possessing two 

 cylinders for holding clay, so that one could be fill. 

 ing while the other was at work, was exhibited by 

 Messrs. Barrett and Exall, of Reading.— A simple Level, 

 to be used in draining operations, w»s exhibited by Mr. 

 Bailey Denton, of Southampton; who also exhibited his 

 Model Map in relief, of an estate, shown at Derby last 

 year. The principle of this Level lies in the fact that 

 the vertical line from the angle of an upright isosceles 

 triangle, the extremities of whost sides rest on a hori- 

 zontal plane, will bisect the angle contained by those 

 sides, and any lowering of one leg will be attended by a 

 corresponding displacement of the vertical line. The 

 implement is thus in form a pair of compasses, the legs 

 of which are fixed at a distance from each other of 5 feet, 

 by means of a cross-bar. From the apex is suspended a 

 plumb, and in one leg there is fixed a sliding-sight and 

 vernier, while on the other there are cross- hairs. To 

 use this instrument a person has only to send forward, 

 to the spot where it is intended to bring out the drain, 

 a stick with a paper fixed in it the exact height of the 

 line of sight in the instrument from the ground level; 

 he then, with the instrument adjusted by the plumb to a 

 true level, raises or depresses the sliding-sight in one 

 leg until the cross-hairs in the other cut the paper in the 

 stick. From the vernier he will read the rise or fall 

 (per 5 feet) which will enable him to set the shifting 

 limb to a corresponding division in the index on the bar, to 



which the workmen will afterwards work the plumb line. 



An excellent self-recording Dynamometer, was exhibited 

 by the Earl of Ducie, invented and manufactured by 

 Mr. Clybum, Dursley, Gloucestershire. This instrument 

 records on a roll of paper the distance which the plough 

 or other implement may have passed over, and the 

 weight necessary to draw it through all its variations, 

 it consists of a right and left-hand spiral spring, placed 

 one within the other, to economise room. When the 

 power is applied, the springs are compressed, which 

 gives motion to a rack and pinion that has a pulley fixed 

 on the same spindle ; this pulley has a chain passing 

 round it which g,ves motion to a pencil and pointer, 



the P?u T D i5 u P0U B roH of P*PV. "eh di "* 10 « *" 

 tnc length of which ii twenty.five yards of ground passed 



force av^Zl T WU m ** widlh is 112 pound, of 

 given to i tlrr \ nSt ~t; this paper has motion 



found I;' ?, apa,r r f Wheels whic » ^l «P™ th« 

 ward accoV< LI* SK* " m ° Ved back ™ d *» d ^~ 

 Un on th nan t° V °"V *^ he6 > thus **™« a 



pa^ed over W ItU I how,n ? kl lhc W? and the distance 

 pas 3 ea over. Itis impossible to sunim.* k-t ♦»,„► ;„ .l- 



suppose but that in the 



When the skilfulness of ploughmen varies much, the 

 performance of ploughs is not a perfectly accurate test 

 of their efficiency ; and in this case the land was extremely 

 hard ; the exhibition could not, therefore, be taken as 

 fairly testing the implements tried. We find, however, 

 from notes taken before ascertaining, except in one 

 instance, the names of the implements, that their work 

 was classifiable as follows in point of excellence ; the 

 figures refer to the above list :— 



I. Nos. 6 and 10. 

 II. Nos. 7, 12, 13, and 16. 



TH. Nos. 1, 2, 8, 9, 11, 14, and 15. 

 IV. No. 3. 

 V. Nos. 4 and 5. 



The wheel ploughs exhibited greatly superior work to 

 the swing plough. There was much less difference be- 

 tween I. and II., and II. and III. than there was between 

 III. and IV., and IV. and V. The performance of No. 



3 was very poor compared with the others, and that of 



4 and 5 was wretchedly bad. We must not forget to 

 mention that close by the trial ground a field had been 

 laid out in plots, each of which exhibited the effects of 

 some particular manure on Rye-grass. The weather had 

 been greatly against the trial, so that very little difference 

 was apparent amongst them. That on which nitrate of 

 potash had been applied appeared to be of the darkest 

 colour ; that on which oil-cake had been spread appeared 

 to be rather the best of the number ; while the plot to 

 which farm-yard manure had been applied, differed from 

 all the others in the number of weeds, chiefly Thistles, 

 with which it was covered ; thus singularly verifying the 

 accuracy of Mr. Bernay's remarks in a late Gazette, on 

 the inability of fermentation in manure to destroy the 

 vitality of seeds contained in it. 



On Wednesday, at 5 p.m., the Council dinner took 

 place at the Victoria Archery Room. Nearly 400 gentle- 

 nnn sat down. Lord Spencer, the President of the 

 Society, was in the chair, and many noblemen among its 

 chief supporters were on the platform. 



After the usual loyal toasts, which were most heartily 

 received, Lord Spencer stated that the Duke of Cam- 

 bridge had been over the implement and cattle yard that 

 morning, though unable to be at the dinner, and with 

 reference to the latter place, he had to apologise for 

 having broken one of the rules of the Society, his Royal 

 Highness having gone through the yard while the Judges 

 were still at work inspecting the animals, this being in 

 direct contravention of a positive rule. This explana- 

 tion was received with loud cheers. The next toast, 

 "The Professors of Science," was proposed by Lord 

 Ashburton, who, in the course of his remarks on the 

 connexion between science and farming, or rather on the 

 union of intellect and manual labour in the production of 

 some of the most useful machines, stated that two, the 

 earliest in use, and those on which most labour and 

 thought had been expended—the ship, and the plough- 

 were precisely those about the proper form of which we 

 still remain in most doubt. In returning thanks for the 

 hearty manner in which this toast was received, Dr. 

 Buckland entered into considerable detail as to the 

 capability of the Hampshire District of improvement. 

 He said that many thousand acres of it were lying in a 



worthless condition — equally so with that of the barren 

 mountain heaths of central and northern England — but 

 that the insuperable difficulty in the way of the improve- 

 ment of these, viz., want of a good climate, did not exist 

 in the way of Hampshire improvers. The course of 

 improvement to be followed by them, consists in carrying 

 clay to the sandy soils, and chalk after drainage upon 

 clayey soils; both of these materials are within the reach 

 of the Hampshire farmer. The expense is from 5/. to 

 10/. per acre, but the improvement is certain and per- 

 manent — it will last for ever — no mismanagement on the 

 part of the tenant can destroy it. Instances of this are 

 frequent. Portions of Bagshot Hrath and Ascot Heath 

 have thus been converted into fertile land, and a case 

 was mentioned of land in Ireland formeily worth 5s. an 

 acre, now yielding, in consequence of this treatment, 

 large crops of good Hay. Dr. Buckland then referred 

 to guano, a natural manure existing in beds of such 

 enormous thickness in many tropical islands, that to 

 speak of it, fairly came within his province as a geolo- 

 gist. He spoke of the apparent failure of that and most 

 other concentrated manures this year, in consequence of 

 the dry weather, and advised agriculturists to let all 

 their this year experiments go for nothing, and not be 

 deterred from trying guano largely next year, when it 

 would certainly be much cheaper, as upwards of 60,000 

 tons of shipping were already at sea in that trade. — The 

 award of premiums for cattle, &c. , was then read by 

 Lord Spencer. We give it below entire, although the 

 award for horses was not read on that occasion, as, stal- 

 lions being removed from the yard every night, would of 

 course not be brought back again for exhibition on the 

 Thursday, if it became known to whom the prizes had 

 been awarded. 



AWARD OF PREMIUMS. 

 Prizes for Improving the Breed of Cattle, 1844. 



Sh'^rt-Horvs. 

 Class 1 — To the owner of the best Bull calveri previously to 

 the 1st of January, 1842, Thirty Sovs., awarded to Mr. John 

 Cooper, of Bonkwood, Thargarton, Soithwt-ll, Notts, for 

 his Short-horned Bull, 3 years, 1 muutu, and 13 days old, 

 bred by himself. 

 To the owner of the 2d best ditto ditto, Fifteen Snrs., awarded 

 to Mr. Hayter, M.P., of Wells, Somerset, for his Short- 

 horned Dull, 2 years and 10 months old, bred by Mr. Uns- 

 worth, of Blackrod, Lancaster. 



2. To the owner of the best Bull, c xlved since the 1st of Jan., 

 1842, and more than one year old, Twenty Sovs., awarded 

 to Mr. W. Foulds, of Kirklington, near Southwell, Notts, 

 for his Short-horned Bull, 2 years, 3 month*, and 22 days 

 old, bred hy Mr. Milward.of Hexgrove Park, Southwell. 



3. To the owner of the best Cow in milk, Fifteen Sons., 

 awarded to Mr. John Booth, of Killerhy, Cattenck, York- 

 shire, for his Short-horned Cow, 3 year?, 2 months, and 

 5 days old, bred by himself. 



4. To the owner of the best in calf Heifer, not exceeding 

 3 years old, Fifteen Sovs., awarded to his Grace the Duke 

 of Devonshire, of Chatsworth, Bakewell, Derbyshire, for his 

 Short-horned Heifer, 2 years and 5 months <> d, bred by 

 Mr. Wats >n, of Waikeringham, Bawtry, Yorkshire. 



5. To the owner of the best Yearling Heifer, Ten Sovs., 

 awarded to Mr. It. Booth, of Warlaby, Northallerton, 

 Yorkshire, for his Short-homed yearling Heifer, 1 year, 

 2 months, and 3 weeks old, bred by himself. 



Herkkords. 

 Class 1.— To the owner of the best Bull calved previously to 

 the 1st of January, 1812, Thirty Sovs., a varded to Mr. W. 

 J Perry, of Monkland, Leominster, tor his Hereford Bull, 



2 years, 7 month-*, and 28 days old, bred bv himself. 

 To the owner of the 2d best ditto ditto, Fifteen Sovs., awarded 

 to Mr. G Brown, of Avebury, Wills, for his Hereford Bull, 

 2 years and 7 months oM, bred by himself. 



2. To the owner of the best Bull, calved since the 1st of Jan.. 

 1842, and more than one year old, Twenty Sovs., awarded 

 »o Mr. J. N. Carpenter, of Eardisland, near Leominster, 

 Hereford, for his Hereford Bull, 1 year, 8 months, 3 weeks, 

 and 4 days old, bred by himself. 



3. To the owner of the best Cow in milk, Fifteen Stvs., awarded 

 to Mr. G. Drake, of the Manor Farm, Bast Tvtherley, 

 Stockbridge, Hants, for his pure Hereford Cow, 8 years 

 and 10 months old, bred by Mr. Price, of Pool House, 

 Upton- on- Severn. 



4. To the owner of the best in-calf Heifer, not exceeding three 



yeafs old, Fifteen Sovs.. awarded to Mr. J. N. Carpenter, 



of Earditland, near Leominster, Hereford-hire, for his 



Hereford In-calf Heifer, 2 years, 8 months, aud 18 days 

 old, bred by himself. 



5. To the owner of the best Yearling Heifer, Ten Sovs. t 

 awarded to Mr. J. Walker, of Burton, near Worcester, for 

 his Htreford Yearling Heifer, 1 year and 8 mouths old, bred 

 by Mr. C. Walker, ot Sutton. 



Dkvovs. 

 Class I. To the owner of the best Bull, calved previously to 

 the 1st of January, 1842, Thirty Sovs., awarded to Mr. Geo. 

 Turner, of Barton, near Exeter, for his Deroa Bull, 2 years 

 and 8 months old, bred by himself. 

 To the owner cf the second best ditto ditto, Fifteen Sovs. t 

 awarded to Mr. Thomas Nurcombe, of Hoj.'c-j: irm, Mne- 



head, Somerset, for his pure Devon Bull, 4 yeais and 9 

 n ntbs old, bred by himself. 



2. To the owner of the best Bull calved since the 1st of Jan., 

 1842, and more than one year old, Twenty Sovs., awarded to 

 Mr. T. Reynolds, of Raddon Court, Ihoverton, Extter, for 

 his pure North Devon Bull, 2 fears and 5 months o.d, bred 

 by Mr. A. Parsons, of Lifton, Devon. 



3. To the owner of the best cow in milk. Fifteen Sovs., 

 awarded to Mr. G. Turner, of Barton, Exeter, lor his Devon 

 Cow, 6 years and two months old. 



4. To the owner of the best in-calf Heifer, not exceeding 

 three years old. Fifteen Sovs., awarded to Mr. G. Turner, of 

 Barton, near Exeter, for his Devon in-call Heifer, 2 years 

 and 2 months old. 



5. To the owner of the best Yeariing Heifer, Ten Sovs., 

 awarded to Mr. J.imes Hole, of Knowle, near Du ester! 

 Somerset, for his Devon Yearling Heifer, l year, 7 months, 

 and 2 days old, bred by himself. 



Cattle of the Channel Islands Bkekd. 

 Class I. To the owner of the best Bull calved previous,'? to the 

 1st nf Jan., 184.1, Fifteen Sovs., awarded to Mr. W. J. G. 

 Philiips, of EliugVic ge, Southampton, for his Channel 

 It-land Ball, 2 years and 4 months old, br by I - i ' f - 



2. To the owner of the best Bull calvtd since the 1st of Jan., 

 1843, and more than one year old, Ten Sobs., awarded to 

 Mr. W. B. Gater, of West End, Soi.rh "» for hi» 

 Channel Island Bull, 2 years and 5 weeks old, bred by Mr. 

 W. Gtbb*, of ltchenor, Sussex. . aA 



3. To the owner of the best Cow in milk. Tm ' , ? 

 to Mr. C. W. Robin, of Petit Minage, St. Helier, Jersey, for 

 his pure Jersey Cow, 2 years and 6 mouths o,d, urea oy 

 Mr. J. Hocquard, of Granville, Jersey. mrmmmMmm fwrt 



4. To the owner of the best fat-calf Heilcr, not exceeding two 

 years old, Ttn Sovs., no competition. 



