July 27,1 



T HE NEWSPAPER. 



[1844. 



Kfugees at Malta— The Governor of Rusai, a hule town 

 [i the legation of Ravenna, in the Papal States, was 

 recently killed in the streets with a pistol-shot, and 

 aiother of the political prisoners, named Gardenghi, who 

 •was condemned to death by the military commi>sion for 

 tie part they took in the insurrection of last year, has 

 been executed at Bologna. A landed proprietor of the 

 name of Mivelli has been sentenced for ten ye .rs to the 

 galleys, for granting an asylum to one of the principal 

 conspirators. Signor Gardenghi is the seventh of the 

 political prisoners who has been shot in the back, that 

 being the death of a traitor according to the Ital an la*s. 

 — Letteis from Home of the 11th inst., state that tbe 

 conduct of Lord Seaton, Lord High Commissioner of 

 the Ionian Islands, as well as of the military commander, 

 Major Frazer, during the expedition of the Italian 

 refugees, has given rise to numerous communications 

 between the Papal government and the court of St. 

 James's, it being supposed that England might have 

 prevented the expedition. The greater discontent is 

 said to be felt at what has passed, because the Cabinet of 

 London bad solicited the intervention of the Pope, to 

 Cilm the agitation in Ireland. The agent of the refugees 

 at Corfu is an ex-Dominican, who has betrayed the order 

 to which he belonged, and lends his house to the refugees, 

 who hold meetings there. — We learn from Modena, 

 July 6, that the reigning duke had been suffering severely 

 from gastritis ; but was then considered to be in a fair 

 way of recovery. 



Turkey. — Letters from Constantinople of the 3d inst. 

 announce the arrival in that capital on the 1st, of Wuschitch 

 and Petroniewitch, the leaders in tbe last Servian revolu- 

 tion. They had long been seeking permission to plead their 

 cause in person with the Divan for the restitution of 

 their property and rights as Servian subjects. It is now 

 said, that, failing to obtain any direct permission to that 

 effect, they have risked throwing themselves on the 

 mercy of the Turkish Government, and that there is no 

 doubt they will find favour and protection from that 

 quarter. Hussein, the ex-Pacha of Widdin, had made a 

 visit of ceremony to the Porte. On account of his old 

 age and infirmities, being afflicted with the palsy, he was 

 carried into the presence of the Vizier on a litter, and 

 was received with every demonstration of respect due to 

 his years and long service. It is now confidently re- 

 ported that his adopted son is the bridegroom elect of 

 the Sultan's sister, and that the marriage will take place 

 next month. — The Toulonnais of the 17th says that a 

 Turkish fleet has left the Dardanelles for the coast of 

 Syria. It is commanded by the Capitan-Pacha, and is 

 composed of seven ships of the line, two frigates, two 

 brigantines, a cutter, and a steamer. The same paper 

 says, "The appearance of this fleet in present circum- 

 stances deserves to be noticed." 



Cape of Good Hope. — Papers from the Cape to the 

 18th May have been received this week. No news 

 from Cape Town is published in these journals worth 

 extract; but the frontier advices notice the re-appearance 

 of the locusts in the neighbourhood of the Fish River, 

 where they had commenced their ravages. 11. M.S. 

 Bittern had arrived at Algoa-bay, from Natal, with the 

 Hon. Mr. Cloete on board, and by this opportunity 

 accounts from that settlement had come down to the 22d 

 April. All was peaceable in Pietermauritzburg, and the 

 inhabitants had presented the English Commissioner 

 before his departure with an address. Stock and corn 

 thrive well in Natal, and the land is represented as ex- 

 tremely fertile. Coal, it is said, is most abundant, but 

 unfortunately at present not discovered nearer than oO 

 miles from the coast. Great expectations are entertained 

 that the mouth of the St. Lucia river (the Omvalozie ol 

 the natives) is navigable, and a cession of this spot, it is 

 understood, has been made to England. One drawback, 

 however, to all the advantages of this extensive country 

 remains to be told — viz. that it is visited with violent 

 thunderstorms, and these are very frequently attended 

 with fatal consequences. — A letter from Ascension 

 states that there was a great scarcity of water at that 

 island, and that every one had been on allowance for 

 three months. Vessels wanting water were^obliged to go 

 for a supply to Rio de Janeiro, and the cattle, sheep, 

 and goats, were dying for want. 



^Parliament. 



HOUSE OF LORDS. 



Friday. — After the business reported in our last, Lord Moxtka- 

 ole moved that the House resolve itself into a committee on the 

 Art Unions Bill.— the Duke of Cambridge warmly supported the 

 motion. His Royal Highness alluded to his exertions in forming 

 and encouraging art unions, and to the great service derived 

 from these institutions in dhTusing a taste for the line arts, as well 

 as in remunerating artists. At the present moment, he said, there 

 was a sum of 20,000/. locked up, which would otherwise be applied 

 to the promotion of art, but which could not be so applied in con- 

 sequence of the proceedings which had taken place. It was a 

 great disadvantage to the artists of this country that this Urge 

 sum of money was so locked up, and it was therefore desirable 

 that this Bill should be passed as speedily as possible, asevery one 

 must be convinced that there could be no object in view in passing 

 it, but the promotion of art. It appeared that all who were con- 

 cerned in art-unions might be subject to the penalties of imprison- 

 ment— himself amongst others, and many of their lordships. All 

 he could say was, that if he should be imprisoned tor having 

 violated the act in question, he would be imprisoned in very good 

 company, and there were very few prisoners who could say so 

 much as th»t. In conclusion, he prayed their lordships to pass 

 this Bill wit* as little delay as possible.— The Marquises of 

 Northampton and Lavsdowne approved the Bill, which went 

 through committee without amendment. -Lord Wharnci xpfk, 

 in reply to the Marquis of Lamsuownk, stated that the subject of 

 the few payable to the clerks of anttize throughout the country was 

 under the consideration of the Government, and they would pre- 

 pare a measure to be introduced next session.— On the motion of 

 Lord Beaumont, the Roman Catholic Penal Acts Repeal Bill was 

 read a second time, on the understanding that those Acts only 

 Should be repealed which the Lord Chancellor was satisiied 



ought to be repealed, leaving the Acts, about which he entertained 

 doubts, to be considered in another session. — On the motion of the 

 Duke of Rich mo.M), the County Core s Bill was read a second 

 time. A great many Bills were brought up from the Commons, and 

 read a first time. 



Monday.— The first business was the Bill for preventing the 

 further progress of the celebrated Qui Tarn actions, and it was 

 considered necessary that Mr. Kussell, the plaintiff in 34 of these 

 cases, should be required to give certain explanations respecting 

 them. He was accordingly called to the bar, and Lord Brougham 

 proceeded to interrogate him. He had scarcely asked his first 

 question, however, when the witness was ordered to withdraw ; and 

 Lord Radnor, after a sharp censure on the Gaming Committee, 

 protested against the further progress of the examination.— Lord 

 Brougham replied, asserting not only his right to question Mr. 

 Russell, but the necessity of his evidence.— The Duke of Rich- 

 mond and Lord Eglivtoun vindicated themselves from Lord 

 Radnor's insinuations ; and it appearing, upon consideration, that 

 there was nothing objectionable in the question proposed, the 

 witness was recalled. His lust answer, however, showed that the 

 fact sought to be elicited was a privileged communication to him 

 as an attorney, and he was again directed to withdraw. After 

 some further remarks from Lord Radnor and Lord Brougham, 

 the Bill passed through committee.— The Loud Chanckllob 

 then, alter briefly reciting the many enormities of which its con- 

 stituency have been guilty, moved the second reading of the bill 

 for disfranchising the borough of Sudbury. — Lord Brougham 

 expressed his concurrence, and the Bill was read a second time 

 without opposition.— The next measure was the Charitable Trusts 

 Bill.— The Bishop of London, Lord Wrottesley. and Lord 

 Campbell, approved some of its provisions, but all agreed in 

 thinking that a Bill of such importance could not be sufficiently 

 discussed at so late a period of the session, and especially in the 

 absence of most of the Bishops. The Bill was accordingly post- 

 poned until next session.— The Art Unions Bill was read a third 

 time and passed.— Several Bills were then forwarded a stage, but 

 upon Lord Beaumont moving that his Bill for repealing the penal 

 acts affecting Roman Catholics should be considered in committee, 

 the Bishop of London repeated the same objections which had 

 b. en successful against the preceding measure. A nu asure that 

 might go to no less than the establishment of the supremacy of the 

 Pope in this realm, and which at one swoop repealed thirty Acts 

 of Parliament affecting the mostimportant interests of the Crown 

 — the religion of the country— should not, under any circum- 

 stances, be hurried through Parliament at the end of the session, 

 and in the absence of many of the Bishops. Some of the pro- 

 visions of this Bill would interfere with the Act of Uniformity, 

 and others with more recent enactments, including the great 



ttl-ment of the question between their Roman Catholic and 

 Protestant fellow-subjects. It would go to repeal those securities 

 which were taken on the concession recently made io tne Roman 

 Catholics; and to this he, for one. was not prepared to consent — 

 The Lord Chancellor said, that in justice to himself and the 

 Government, their lordships ought to allow the Bib as amended 

 to be printed, and that then the right rev. prelate could alter- 

 wards pursue his opposition. The Bishop of London then with- 

 drew his opposition to this stage of the Bill, which passed through 

 committee, and was ordered to be printed with the amendments 

 made in it on the suggestion of the Lord Chancellor.— Lord Tkv.n- 

 ham moved the second reading of his Chapels' Registration Bill.— 

 The Loud Chancellor opposed it, and the Bishop ot Gloucester 

 moved its second reading that day three months.— The Bill was 

 rejected without a division. 



Tutsduy.— The Co onial Postage and Assessed Taxes Com- 

 position Bills were read a third time and passed.— 'the Soap 

 Allowances, the Loan Societies, the Parish Constables, the Western 

 Australia, the Unlawful Oaths (Ireland), and the FarinBuildings 

 Bills passed through committee. 



Thursday.— The County Coroners Bill was read a third time 

 and passed, after an unsuccessful attempt by the Marquess of 

 Normanby to add a clause, restoring to County Coroners the 

 mi.eage to which they were formerly entitled. — The Gaming 

 Actions Suspension Act Continuance Bill was read a third time 

 and passed.— The Earl of Aberdeen laid on the table the code of 

 instructions which have been drawn up for the guidance of the 

 naval officers employed in the suppression of the slave trade. In 

 doing .-o he staud that, notwithstanding our great exertions in 

 putting down slavery, we were sti.'l very far from being completely 

 successful. Theannual average of slaves taken from Africa previous 

 to 1830 was between 90,0uu and 100,000. Prom 1630 to lb3i the 

 annual average had decreased to 58,850. But from 1835 to 1840 

 the annual average again rose to upwards of H9.000. But since 

 1840. during tie three years of the present administration, the 

 annual average, he was happv to say. had descended to 28,000 

 —the numbers in 1842 being only 17,000, while in 1843 they had 

 been as many as 38,000. His lordship attributed the increase of 

 slaves last year to the necessary withdrawal of part of the cruising 

 squadron from the coast of Uracil, in consequence of the hostilities 

 going on betwixt Monte Video and Buenos Ayres, and likewise to 

 the removal ot General Vaidez from Cuba. Since the treaty of 

 1842 Portugal had acted with good faith, and her officers had co- 

 operated with ours in putting down the slave-trade. A good 

 understanding also existed between the United States squadron 

 and our cruisers on the coast of Africa France had also shown a 

 disposition to take a more active part in the suppression. But, on 

 the other hand, Brazil and Spain had disregarded their treaties, 

 and had given encouragement to the trade. These countries 

 his lordship threatened in rather a sharp manner. He 

 said that the course pursued since the change in the Govern- 

 ment of Cuba, and the conduct pursued by the local autho- 

 rities of Brazil, were such as he was unwilling to describe in the 

 manner which he felt. These states must be made to recollect 

 that with respect to the slave-trade this country had rights upon 

 them. We had made treaties with them for the abolition of that 

 trade as strong and as binding as could be treated for the cession 

 of towns and provinces. If by a conquest founded on grounds ot 

 humanity we had made a treaty for certain rights, we had a right 

 to enjoy the fruits of conquest. The treaty entered into with us 

 the Powers in question must be prepared to fu'til, and he did trust 

 that means would be found to make the stipulations solemnly en- 

 tered into be honestly and faithfully fulfilled at last. Lord Aber- 

 deen, in conclusion, stated that his plan of future operation would 

 be a strict watching of the east and west coasts of Africa by a 

 greater number of our cruisers, the force hitherto employed watch- 

 ing the coast of Brazil being of course diminished.— The Earl of 

 Minto, Lord Colchester, and Lord Brougham, congratulate 

 the Foreign Secretary on the result of his labours, and thanked 

 him for the code of instructions compiled under his directions.— 

 The Karl of Clarendon, while expressing his approbation of the 

 course pursued by Government, feared that, without other and 

 auxiliary efforts, failure would be the result. The only result, 

 hitherto, of our vigilance, had been to increase the horrors of the 

 "middle passage," for the slavers, to make up the losses cam 

 by captures, increased the numbers of their living cargoes, and 

 packed them closer, thereby augmenting the mortality. Our only 

 real chance of suppressing the slave-trade was by proving to the 

 world that free labour was more profitable, as well as more hu- 

 mane, than slave labour. — the new Creditor and Debtors Hill- 

 that is, the measure approved by the select commit! t0 wnom 

 the two Bibs of Lord Cottenhaiii and Lord Brougham were re- 

 ferred—was reported, on which a discussion arose, in which Lords 

 Brougham, Cottkmiam, Campbell, and the Lord Chancel- 

 lor took part, the latter of whom stated that the present measure 

 was Lord Brougham's, with the principle of Lord Cottenham s 

 engrafted on it. The report was ultimately received, and the bud 

 bury Disfranchisement Bill, and the Western Australian Bill, wer 

 read a third time and passed. 



Fridut,. -Loiii Wharnclifpb moved that the House resolve 

 itseli into committee on the Partv Processions ;lrelandj Bill.— 

 The Earl ot Wick low was ot opinion that the Bill shou d 

 include ever; procession attended by party emblems ; it would 



be infinitely better that the existing Bill should be allowed to 

 expire, and that next session a new Bill, including all prooes- 

 ftioM should be introduced. With that view he should move 

 that the Bill be committed this day three months. — The Earl of 

 Rodbn seconded tbe amendment; he believed that by with- 

 drawing the Bill, the greatest benefit would be conferred on 

 persons of all parties.— The Duke ot Wellington claimed credit 

 for the Government in having put down public processions in 

 Ireland when they were likely to disturb the peace of the 

 country. And he, further, gave credit to the people of Ireland 

 lor obeying the law. Her Maj« sty 's Government looked forward 

 to a period of peace and tranquillity, without having the 

 necessity for those extraordinary powers contemplated by the 

 noble earl. The Government had not come to Parliament for 

 extraordinary powers even down to the period of the monster 

 meetings. For his own part, he hoped the Bill would be 

 allowed to go into committee.— The Marquis of Clankicardk 

 and Lord Wharnclifkk supported tbe Bill; and the Amend- 

 ment being negatived, the Bill passed tnrough committee and 

 was reported. [L ett sitting.] 



HOUaE OF COMMONS. 



Friduy.— In reply to Mr. Buncombe's observations on the 

 Insn trials, Sir K. Peel said, that Lord Chief Justice Tindal 

 remained in town to receive the opinions of the other Judges 

 on the writ of error in Mr. O'Connell's case, and to communi- 

 cate them to the House of Lords. As soon as the Judges had 

 given in their opinions, the Lords would decide the question.— 

 Captain Fitzmauricb moved for the appointment of a select 

 committee to Inquire into the dismissal ot Mr. J H. Rolls from 

 the Custom-house.— The Chancellor or the Exchkuuke de- 

 precated the intenerence of the House in such a case. Mr. 

 Rolls had been offe.ed a bribe by a person who had been en- 

 gaged in extensive smuggling, which bribe Mr. Rolls bad re- 

 tused, but he had not informed against the person who offered 

 it. Under these circumstances, though there was no imputa- 

 tion on the character of Mr. Rolls, the Board of Customs ob- 

 jicted to bis retaining his situation, and the Government did 

 not think it right to press Mr. Rolls upon the Board. They had, 

 however, offered him a situation in another department, with 

 a salary equal to that which he had lately enjoyed. The motion 

 was negatived without a division.— Mr. M. Gibson moved an 

 address to her Majesty, praying that a special commission be 

 bent into the counties ol Norfolk, Essex, Suffolk, and Cambridge, 

 to inquire into the cause of the present incendiarism in those 

 districts.— Sir J. Graham gave the motion his most deeded op- 

 position. He said that, both the motion and the speech just made 

 were calculated to aggravate ;he evils complained of. There was 

 such a thing as tanning the smouldering embers of discontent, 

 and there were such persons as agitating Members of Parliament. 

 —Alter adiscussion, in which Mr. Wodeholse, Mr. Darby, Mr. 

 Biuoht, Colonel Rushbrookk, Mr. Bkamsto.v, L- id Henni- 

 kkr, Mr. ViLiihRs, and Sir J. Tyrrell took part, the House 

 divided— For the motion, 41 j against it, 130. Majority against 

 the motion, 89. The House then went into committee ot sup- 

 ply. On the vote for education in England, Mr. Wysh brought 

 forward the state of educatiou in Ireland, and made several 

 suggestions for making due provision to supply the deficiencies 

 now existing in that regard.— Sir R. Pkel stated that he in- 

 tended this year to increase the vote for education in Ireland 

 from 50,000/. to 75,OuOL As to elementary national educa- 

 tion in Ireland, tbe t- nth report of the commissioners showed 

 that not only were schools and scholars increasing, but that the 

 prejudices which prevailed against the board were rapidly sub- 

 siding ; so tar, therefore, the Government could congratulate 

 themselves on the progress made in elementary education in 

 Ireland. As to academical education in Ireland, he was con- 

 vinced that its means weie detective, and, though the Liovern- 

 meut were not prepared now with any plan to supply the defi- 

 ciency, they had the question unuer their most serious consi- 

 deration. As to the College of Maynooth, the Government felt 

 that it was not satisfactorily supported, and that the amount 

 v., ted to it was inadequate. Declining to indicate further the 

 intentions of the Government, Sir R. Peel c neluded by saying 

 that the attention 01 the noble Lord who is about to assume the 

 Administration of Ireland shall be directed to these subjects, 

 and that, at an early period next session, the views and propo- 

 sals « 1 Government shall, if possible, belaid before the House. 

 —Lord J. Manners expressed his cordial thanks to tbe Govern- 

 ment for tbe announcement just made. He took it as an 

 earnest of a better, more consistent, and more prosperous line 

 of policy towards Ireland tor the luture. He looked upon it as 

 an earnest that the Government were at last awakened to the 

 necessity that existed of governing Ireland on the ouiy sound 

 and true principles on which that country could be governed— 

 principles which the Right Hon. Baronet intimated would soon 

 be carried into effect. — Lord Palmerston and Mr. She it also 

 appioved of Sir R. Peel's declaiation.-Tne vote for education 

 in Great Britain, and also that tor education in Ireland, were 

 agreed to.- On the vote of 8928/. tor the College ot Maynooth, 

 Mr. Plumptbe divided the committee. Theie were— For the 

 vote, 87 , against ir, 30. Majority for the vote, 57. Several 

 Bills were forwarded a stage. 



Monday.— The report ot the Poor-law Amendment Bill was 

 postponed to Wednesday.— The two first clauses ot the Joint- 

 stock Banks Bill were agreed to in committee, and lurtner pro- 

 gress was postponed.— The House went into committee on the 

 Railways Bill, and Mr. Gladstone stated the principal altera- 

 tions made in it. He said there was a material relaxation in 

 tbe term of tbe option of revision or purchase— thai was, that 

 the right of purchase should not accrue until after i\ years, 

 instead of 15 years, after the passing of 1 he Act ot incorpora- 

 tion as originally inteuded. Another change eras, that the right 

 of revision being once exercised, should not be again exercised 

 Within the further term ot 21 years. TheB.il in its amended 

 state provided that when a ranway should be purchased, it 

 should be taken at the value at which it might be estimated at 

 the time of the purchase. He thought that an improvement m 

 the Bill Then agaiu it was provided that if the railway at the 

 expiration o* 21 years should be making more thai, ten percent, 

 the transfer should be effected by tne pdyment ot 25 years pur- 

 chase —All the clauses of the Bill were agreed to, after a series 

 of unsuccessful amendments and one division on a proposition 

 by Mr Thornely, that those companies which ran first and 

 fecund class trains on a Sunday should be obliged to run 

 third class trains also.— Mr. Gladstone objected against com- 

 pelling any violation ot tbe Lord's day. theooservance of which 

 was a great support to religion in this country, and a main 

 support of it in Scotland.— Several Members contended for Mr. 

 Thornely's principle j andMr.SHEiL s*id, that otherwise Dives 

 might travel on the >unday, but Lazarus not.— Tne Committee 

 divided, defeating Mr. Gladstone's opposition, and adopting 

 the amendment. The Joint-stock Companies Remedies 

 at Law and Equity Bill, and the Metropoli an Buildings 

 bill were read a third time and passed. — lu reply to Captain 

 Plcmridoe, Lord Ingestre read a document aed by 

 h maeJf and Captain Henderson, relative to Captain Wa f lie ff 

 experiment at Brighton. This document certiaed tuat uie 



ere 



CApCI I IMC Ilk «1 DllgllkUU. A Ilia UUkUlutu, «■»-- — 



operations on the John o'Gauut, 300 tone, conducted m , w 

 W aiuer, on Saturday, were under their manageu»en l tlble 

 trol; that the exp oaton uid not take place by £ °^ Wuu€r 

 matter either on board the ship or otherwise ; tna *' a ' riJS . tn «t 

 was on board the Wallace steamer, ata uista..ce 01 ^ t ' wtimai on 

 it took place in consequence of a snji ia» »ro ^ WgJ _ 



the shore, and that the time could not «*»»" ' the vessel 

 ner. They further declared Mr MM that sip boardof it ._ 

 had left Gravesend Caut. Warner &•*»** committee of supply, 

 On the order of the day tor •»»*»■» „ ecle , with the pro- 

 Mr. Shkil moved tor certain V*V** H „ began nis speech by 

 ceed.ngs ot France i«i ^tern-Amc. e ^ ^ Aberdeeft 



referring to some diplomatic reniuu 



