576 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



[Aug. 24, 



of takiiiff any vegetable nuf.c-r, capable of producing beat by 

 fcr^nuWto tlie rubbish heap, until it ha. Parted with, 

 heat in the frame-ground. Seed weeds -A f few o ft«e J,n 

 sometimes make their appearance in spite of us. It is 01 nine 



use 



veyed 



fecting of "their seeds",' and thus,7n either case, take care toin- 

 sure us with a supply next season. The method I > ado pt : is to 

 have all weeds in flower carefully conveyed to any lining where 

 there is a strong heat, which I find sufficient to destroy the ger- 

 minating powers of the seeds of ont^^onw^s.msi^omM^ 

 -When a bed is wanted early and there is: no half-«haus ted 

 lining to go to, get some good fresh dung 'ro™ 'be fibles ™_ 

 jecting the very longest; make a bed from a fo«, : to 18 inches 

 thick, where you can protect it from ram ; beat it firm, H v ; an £" 

 soon aTthe hlat rises bore it with holes all over; watch the bed 

 carefully, and as soon as the heat gets abou . mUk ■ ™m fi » the 

 holes nearly full; wait to sec if it does not hea t again ^ too v£- 

 lentlv and then spawn and earth up as usual. Fine Mushrooms 

 will be thus Produced, but much judgment will be requisite to 



spawn at the I»oper time.-*. £ CULTTJRE> 



Old Woods.-¥or the ordinary routine, refer to di' ectiow giren 

 in late Nos. Make preparation for any additional planting; that 

 i. r.r,nti.mnlRted bv holeinir or trenching the ground; tnis 

 shouM b% m d P one1n a Jtumn where the soil is dry, but in cold and 

 wet situations spring is the best time for the operation. 



Co»i»ic*.-Attend carefully to young shoots from stools that 

 were cut over during last winter and spring; regulate ^ thin 

 and train those shoots that are growing vigorously ; pinch he 

 ends off the weakest shoots, and reserve only as many of the 

 strongest as will be required for use. I prefer shortening t he 

 supernumerary shoots to taking them clean out, for the first 

 and second year, as it prevents them in a great measure from 

 being so easily broken off by wind, or barked and bitten off by 

 hares and rabbits. A stake and bandage will be otten required 

 in order to secure an upright leader to any favourite tree or 

 plant that has been headed off, or otherwise lost its leader : 

 many trees that have been injured or deformed might be effec- 

 tually recovered by a little attention. ' 



Young Ptantat ions.- Prepare ground for new planta'ions, if 

 wanted, by inclosing, trenching, or holcing. Remove any dead 

 plants, (of which I fear there will be plenty this year,) and 

 expose the soil to the atmosphere until the season for planting 



Arrives 



Nursery Work.— Attend to the directions given in No. 32 of the 



Chronicle.— W. B. ammmm 



VII.— COTTAGERS' GARDENS. 



About this time, when the hues of autumn begin to make 

 their appearance, and symptoms of the year's decline to press 

 npon our attention, the cottager should particularly attend to 

 neatness in everything about the garden, and endeavour to pre- 

 serve the beauty of the flower-border as long as possible. Keep 

 all plants in flower neatly tied up, and remove their flowering- 

 stems as soon as they become unsightly ; if this is properly 

 attended to, the flower-beds, which are now in their highest 

 state of perfection.-will for some time to come amply repay the 

 labour by their gay appearance. Dahlias, which are now 

 coming finely ii.to bloom, should be occasionally supplied with 

 liquid manure j keep them neatly tied, and see that the early 

 ties do not pinch them. For eatrapping earwigs, nothing is 

 better than Bean stalks ; place short lengths of them amongst 

 the branches, examining thcra every morning, and killing the 

 insects collected. Look over beds of Verbenas, &c, and assist 

 them in regularly covering the space allotted for them by peg- 

 ging them down on any vacanc that may yet remain to be 

 covered. Cuttings of scarlet Pelargoniums, Verbenas, and 

 other plants for bedding out, shoulJ, a* mentioned Lest week, 

 he got in as speedily as possible, in order that they may become 

 well rooted before winter. Growing crops will require to have 

 the soil well stirred between the rows with the hoe, not only 

 to kill weeds, but to prepare and loosen it for being drawn to 

 the plants as they advance in growth. Where circumstances 

 have prevented winter Greens from being earlier put out, they 

 may still be planted, as vacancies occur by the removal of 

 other crops; but the sooner they ure planted out now the 

 better.—/. JU'H. 



r „. p „- t //.-The proximate cause of the shanking and 

 ° a C « - nme of the Berries of your Muscat Grapes is 

 aoubt! fs an mperfect supply of nourishment. This may be 

 ow"ng to various causes ; the border may be at present too 

 d7v and the roots may have previously suffered from cold 

 and wet ; or the foliage may have been too scanty or too 

 unnellthy for contributing a due share of elaborated sap 

 fnr inv'e-orating the roots in the preceding season. | 

 Goo.». 1 f Ri's.ij. B. U. tf.-The following are toe names of 

 12 of the finest flavoured :-Red Champagne, R cd *"" n £ 

 ton, Red Turkey, Keen's Seedling Warrington, Yellow Cham- 

 pagne, Hebburn Green Prolific, Pitmaston Greengage, White 

 Fig, Woodward's Whitesmith, Taylor's Bright Venus, Early 



White, White Honey.ll . ., K or»tna 



IvsECTS.-Q. Q. Q.-Your caterpillar is possibly the Noctua 



1 meuculosi; but havelthe goodness to tell us what «n,sch e it 



W as committing. Did it destroy your Carna ions andif«o, 



in what wav ? R. Gre en-Horn.— You should ha\e sent us 



specimens y We recommend hand-picking, also your perusal 

 ofthe ?4thvol., p. loo, of the -Royal Agri. ^«™d/ ^jrethj 



subject is discussed. R. — H. A. ?;— Th Q e , ^'fr Journal^ 

 aphides you will find described in the <« Royal Agi i. Journa ^ 

 vol.iii. p. 49, but we cannot be certain of the sP e ^ as -here 

 are no winged specimens. The black ones are possibly the 

 Aphis Fab*, but as you do not say what ^ans the 5 are at 

 tacking, we cannot advise you as to a remedy. *•- * *>™ 

 scriber-U you will apply to any chemist he "M*»»W1™ 

 with a liquor which will attract and de stroy al your house- 



a R —Your erubs will change to Dilopnus lean- 

 we imagine they feed upon the root; of plants, tat 



I 



flies, R, 



whether th"^ will affe~ct the health of your Pelargonium we 



cannot say. R. „ r w rarmo t i n . 



Local Horticultural Societies.-^. B.C.-We cannot in 



terfere. It seems injudicious: but circunwt ances ™JjP£ 

 iiblv render it advisable, though not W^y'—*™'**""! 

 Dartmouth.-^ must beg you to excuse us ^h^teY 

 discussions cannot be carried by us any further -than they 

 have gone, but must be settled on the spot. We wetoo far 

 off to sift out the truth, which is, moreover, of no public 



m£E£v* SUATEOLBNS.-^. *5«"K* •"» 8 *X 



gated by cuttings of young wood, either now or in spring. 

 Insert the cuttings in silver sand, cover them with a bell- 



of lime 

 ounce 



to 3 gallons. For Fuchslas.'peTargoniums Chrysanthemums 



&c, this may be repeated every three weeks or a month ; but 



for others, such as Epacrises, Heaths, &c, once or twice 



during the season is quite sufficient. § nraon 



Melons 5 -*. B.-The Beechwood is a much-esteemed green- 



fleshed Melon. II M . D.-Yon will doubtless find that your 



Melon-plants, grown above a hot- water tank, and from which 

 the fruit is now dropping, are too dry at the roots. 

 Monstrosities.-^ Irishman. - Such instances as yours are 

 not uncommon. That in the annexed woodcut is a similar 

 instance. They are buds assuming the appearance of Potato- 

 tubers, and proving the latter to be gouty branches, ine 

 cause of their appearance is uncertain. 



particu arly, not half the flowers were true. It is too early 

 to answer your other question, lists of the new flowers not 

 being yet sent out.* 



Thb Pine Scale.— D. R.— We quite agree with you that if your 

 gardener has really discovered some certain and simple remedy 

 for this insect, he deserves to be rewarded j and we have no 

 doubt that advertisements would procure him plenty of cus- 

 tomers. The difficulty is to try it. The Horticultural Society 

 does not cultivate Pines now; but the remedy would probably 

 destroy other scales as well as that of the Pine Apple ; and if 

 so, Its value would, of course, be the greater. If you wish it, 

 we will have the experiment tried ; but your own testimony 

 would surely be sufficient to satisfy persons of the efficacy of 

 the means employed. 



Potatoes. — A Subscriber. — Never soak Potatoes in water 

 before cooking them. As soon as boiled the water should be 

 poured off, and the Potatoes set on one side of the fire to dry, 

 before they are peeled. That is the way to have them mealy. 

 Steaming them is a still better way. Never cover them up 

 after they are ready to be dished up. 



Sand.— Wellensis.— Certainly sea sand, if well washed, may be 

 employed for all plants that do not dislike lime; but as it 



: always contains considerable quantities of small shells, it is 

 on that account unsuited for some things. Pit sand, although 

 reddened by oxide of iron, is better, if well washed. Fine 

 white pit sand is best of all ; but it, too, is apt to bind if used 

 in large quantities. Roadside sand always binds— we suppose 



because it is angular. 



Strawberries.— E. S.— The distance between the rows of 

 Strawberries should not be less than 2 feet, and from 12 to 

 18 inches from plant to plant in the row, according to the 

 vigour of the variety and richness of soil. Yours being 

 planted 9 inches apart each way, if they are Scarlets you may 

 dispense with'every other row ; if Pines, every other iow as 

 well as every alternate plant in the row. || 



Vines in a Greenhouse.— D. G.—As you do not wish to force 

 the Vines in your greenhouse, no fire in winter is required on 

 their account. Having been only planted this spring, they 

 should be cut back to a few eyes in autumn, and not allowed 



to bear in the ensuing season. || J. F. C— The characters 



of the Vines you mention are not known. || 



Miscellaneous.— A Constant Reader. — Keep your Caladium 

 bicolor during winter in a pot where it gets very little water, 

 and replace it in the tank next summer when it is beginning 

 to shoot again ; having previously got it by degrees into 

 good growth. R. N.— The sizes of flower-pots vary consi- 

 derably in different parts of the country. The dimensions of 

 the different sizes in the neighbourhood of London are given 



at p. 233 of the volume for 1843. J W. C— Brachysema 



latifolium is a very short trailer, with deep dull crimson 

 flowers. Kennedva or Hardenbergia Comptouiana, is a plant 

 of great beauty, which will grow to a considerable size if per- 

 mitted. A temperature of 50° is too high in winter for most 



greenhouse plants. F. D.— We really know of nomeansof 



distinguishing correctly stove and greenhouse p lants. bo 

 many species can be cultivated with more or less heat, that all 



positive distincti 



Horticultural Society of London has aiway 



State of the Weather near London for the week ending A uj 



observed atthe Horticultural Garden, Chiswick. 



f, 22, 1841, as 



Aug. 



Moon's 

 Aire. 



BaROMKTKR. THKRAIOMKTJiR. 



Wind. | 



Rain. 



Max. Win. Max. Min. 



Mean. 

 67.0 





Frid. 16 



a 



WM9 



29.863 



77 



67 



W. 



M 



Sat- 17 



3 



29 880 



29.768 



69 



47 



68.0 



w. 





Sun. 18 



« 



80.092 



30.060 



69 



43 



66.0 



N.W. 



— a 



m\^r l.* mm w 



Won. 19 



6 



80.119 



30.041 



7* 



60 



66.0 



N.W. 



.01 



Tuea. 20 



6 



29.901 



29.774 



78 



51 



64.5 



W. 





mm* * ^ t»- mr w 



Wed. 21 



D 



29.747 



29.727 



65 



52 



58.5 



w. 



m t m\ 9 





Thura. ■ 



mr 



8 



39.727 



29.693 



67 



42 



04.5 



w. 





Averaue 1 29 912 



29-847 



71.0 



50.3 ! 60 6 





02 



Aug. 16 Clear and very fine; densely clouded at night. 



— 17 Cloudy and line; thickly overcast ; clear. 



— 18 Overcast; very fine throughout, cool at night. 



— 19 Clear; very fine ; slight shower in the evening. 



— 20 Lightly overcast ; tine; cloudy at night- 



— 21 Clear, cloudy and fine ; overcast and mild. 



— 22 Morning fine with light clouds; dark clouds in afternoon; cold at 



night. 

 Mean temperature of the week 2 deg. below the average. 



State of the Weather at Chiswick during the last 13 years, for the ensuing 



Week ending Aug. 31, 1844, 



Prevailing Winds. 





Aug. 



Sun. 25 

 Hon. 26 



Tues. 27 

 Wed. 28 

 Thur.29 

 Fri. 30 

 Sat. 31 



Aver. Aver. 



Highest Lowest 

 Temp. Temp. 



No. of 

 Mean! Years in 



71.3 



51.9 



72.7 



48.7 



729 



49-9 



72.1 



51.5 



71-2 



50.9 



72.1 



50.8 



6S y 



49.8 



Teinp 



61.6 



60.7 

 61-4 

 61.8 

 61.1 

 61.5 

 53.8 



which it 

 Rained. 



8 

 6 

 6 

 9 



7 



5 



10 



Greatest 

 quantity , 

 of Rain. z 



0.32 In. 



0.51 



0.40 



0.20 



0.58 



0.92 



0.92 





2 — 



1 



a 



3 



1 

 2 



4 



1 



2 

 2 

 2 

 3 

 1 

 1 



r 



Z 



5 



5 



1 

 4 



1 

 3 



-* 



4 



5 



4 

 1 



7 



4 



? 



4 



3 



6 



6 



2 



£ 



4 



1 



2 



4 



2 



1 

 3 



4 



The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 25th 

 and 30th Aug., 1B26— therm. 83°; and the lowest on the2fithj 1837— therm. 3y . 



Notices to Correspondents. 



ANTiRaHiNUM.—J. Z.— Your seedling is a good variety, but 



not a new one.* 

 Bess.— E. B.— We cannot afford to this subject more spaoe than 

 it at present occupies, nor do we think it desirable to do so. 

 If the information contained in oar columns from time to time 

 is not enough, you should study some such writer as Bevan 

 on " The Honey- Bee." 

 Books.— J. W. J.- Stephens's " Book of the Farm," Loudon'* 

 " Suburban Gardener," Mackintosh's " Greenhouse and 

 Flower Gardener," Lindley'B •• Theory of Horticulture." 

 Chrysanthemums.— A. B.— These will be considerably bene- 

 fited by Potter's Guano if it be mixed in the soil. The 

 quantity necessary for each plant depends much on its con- 

 dition, and the size of pot in which it is grown. When a 

 plant is in good health and growing in an 8-sized pot, which 

 is the size generally used, l oz.or 14 oz. may be mixed in the 

 compost § 

 Cape Heaths.— A Subscriber.— The following are useful kinds, 

 and maybe easily procured, viz.— Hartnelli, pink; Aristata 

 major, red j Acuminata longiflora, purple ; Tenuiflora, white 

 with pink shade; Inflata, white; Archeriana, scarlet j De- 

 pressa, yellow; Elegans, light purple; Cavendishii, yellow j 

 Mutabilis, light purple ; Retorta major, pink ; Lamberti rosea, 

 flesh-coloured ; Hyemalis, purple, tipped with white; Tricolor, 

 red ; Linnaeoides-superba, purple, with white tip ; Jasmini- 

 flora alba, white : and all the varieties of Ventricosa4 



Mulberry.— B. B.— You must sparingly cut the roots of your 

 Mulberry tree against a wall, just before the leaves fall in 

 autumn. Pinch the shoots in summer, so as those near the 

 base may have plenty of light to enable them to perfect 



fruit-buds. U 

 Names of Plants.— TF.—Alstrceraeria Ligtu, and a very fine 

 purple variety of A. pelegrina. Cecil.— Not an Orchidace- 

 ous plant, but Lycopodium lepidophyllum. Your specimen 



is dead. The species is not known in cultivation. Derby. 



— Psoralea pinnata. E. R. I. F. — Malva Munroana. 



S. W.— Anagallistenella, and Ballo'a nigra. Indiana Meta. 



— Lycium barbarum. For colours you must apply to the 

 dealers in them. In flower- painting every kind of tint is 

 occasionally required. All the advice we can give you is not 



to use Prussian blue, or any metallic colours. T. Cripps. — 



Either Tropjeolum minus or tuberosum. 

 Names of Fruits.— A. B.— The Apricots were too far gone 

 when received. No. l only could be judged to be the Moor- 

 park from the perforation along the edge of the stone. 



Plums -3, Azure Hative; 4, Drap d'or ; 5, Fotheringham. 



A. B , Fulham.—'So. 1 appears to be the Nectarine Plum ; 2, 

 Washington.il— J. B. M.H.— Gooseberries— No. 1 appears to be 

 Red Turkey ; 2, Ironmonger, not Red Champagne ; the latter 

 grows very upright, and its fruit is more oblong and not so 

 dark-coloured as that of the Ironmonger ; 3, Ashton Seedling, 

 same as the Red Warrington; 4, Early Sulphur; h. Red 

 Walnut; 6, Crystal; 7, Golden Drop; 8, Probably the 



Amber.il W. S.— The Plum you found in a hedgerow, 



where it must have been planted, and which flowered in 

 February, bearing abundantly, though in a bleak place and 

 very barren soil, is the Myrobalan or Cherry Plum. Its uses 

 have not been fully ascertained. It would probably answer 



for kitchen purposes. [| T. L., Kilmarnock.— Your Apple is 



the Scarlet Crofton, a winter Apple. || 

 Pansibs.— An Irishman.— Brown's Curion, Pearson's Black 

 Prince, Buxton's Ne plus Ultra, Cook's Mulberry Superb, 

 King's Sulphurea Elegans, and Magin's Bridegroom. Sow 

 your seed immediately.* 

 Pear-Treks.— B B.— If you stop the shoots of your Pear- 

 trees, by merely taking off the extreme points in the begin- 

 ning of June, and then shorten back one half of them to 3 or 

 4 inches at midsummer, and the remainder to the same ex 

 tent in the beginning of July, the trees will most probably 

 soon come into a bearing state ; and if they do not, as pavement 

 prevents root-pruning, you must have recourse to ringing. H 

 Pelargoniums.— JP. J. R.— The Pelargonium you mention, 

 when it comes true, is one of the best in cultivation ; the 

 form, size, substance of petal, and the set of the petals when 

 fully expanded, constitute it a first-rate flower. In colour it 

 is fine also, but, unfortunately, there exists in the flower a 

 strong disposition to sport. During the past season more 



many species ran uct-uiu.owu n ..» ..___-- , 



positive distinction is broken down. For this reason the 

 Horticultural Society of London has always found it neces- 

 sary to allow them to be shown in the same class. The 

 Achimenes, for example, will grow and in considerable 

 beauty, in a greenhouse, though it does best.asov^ 

 Suppose a man starts it in a Cucumber frame, which he can 

 easily do, and then transfers it to a good well-managed 

 greenhouse, who could then say it was a stove plant I In 

 truth, all plants that go to rest m the autumi , losing their 

 leaves, may be cultivated in a good greenhouse if once fairly 

 started. Is a Balsam a stove or greenhouse plant >- -Green 

 IlJrn -The Number you want to complete your set is out of 

 nrint' T) CL -We can hardly deal with the condition of 

 fhe N7w" forest wiSout a personal inspection If we c.n 



mLagTitf we will jay »»£»»# g&SK SSi 

 in that case, give our opinion. Vot 4 . 



probably been dying f ronft ir their '^,^1 Present to recom- 



should be raised m heat, and ^"^L^ears; atterwards 

 small pots as soon as the first rough . eal a PP" d tQ 



they should be kept warm and rather ™°^ e / rom the seed- 

 grow large before they are potted or r emoved J Th re . 

 pot, they are almost sure to become sickly . or a w 



5u,re a soil composed of "J"*/^ . Furze 



and great attention shc.uld be =pa.d »»^ atcr | March . Ten 

 may be cut any time between . Novernbc r a tney will 



week Stocks may flower ^Vlw^S run. Keep Heaths that 

 be worthless, as the ^^^^'^g. place them in 

 are just up in the seed- pots until next spring , p ^ ^.^ 

 an airy and rather dry stuat on. Keep t ^ ^ 



tigrinumin the pots until s^.ng r^ ^ ^^ previoQS 

 year may behad.f — -A .0. .*• Aspbalte Cover- 



occasions stated all ™***?"°J„ Mm t i^ht, and will, appa- 

 ing; ■M^.J*'*" *ffirt ^lytoe and painted. 



55 ^^i^^^^^^ to another ' 



^^«^Sng S 10 and U are 

 Caixeolarias.-TK. H. -M. W yo se5 f-bright- brown; 



bright and »»«b-colo u ied j «e ■ 1 with a margin 



the former having a rich iv eivcry f we] , formed> 



of very bright-brown. B^bese ^ crimsoa spot ; 



but rather flat in front. 6,^ "e^witn 1, ^ ^ 



, and 3, yellow g/ »" d n S / 8 ^ e b ; e r 7pretty, but too small for 



sepals, and the differ ence s too sligl u&1 tothebes t 



corolla ; they arc stout bold flown £ . r> wortn pre5er v- 



sorts cultivated.*- IF. m ;—J¥J*™q. the colours are very 

 ing among the sorts sent up is h.0^219 ^ u 



distinct, and the . for £°' th ^ 



ss^srsss «a?§»v- in co, ° ■ - 



bring out as new varieties.* 



F. splendens doe s."ot appear _-- ^ prfncipaii. 



it for general cultivation ; it fliners i««"« ^ ^^ and 



E. B.-Your seedling frojj 



the 

 heav 



jpals ^STSrSalSum'vm too narrow-they 

 divisions of the corona ^ ^ ^^ ^^ gepB , g> * 





The 



Petun 



main separate; 3 ' ^.^Va^rivea in good condition. 



Curator.-The best and most distinct of yo r sp ^ 

 o a deep-mottled variety ; 3, a clear, br igiu, j b 



and 6, having a light ground with dark veins 1 1 and ^4 

 ^Sd 1 flowers! are not so much in colour ian^ 5. ejie p^ 



mottled crimson, we have »««;» ^T^ak into more 



so large ; this, and No. 2, appear disposeu to 



decided colours.* . named Queen of 



Vbkbbnas.-G. S.-Your .seedling, to be J ftnd nan d- 



England.- Rosy pink, with yellow eye, is a k 



some variety.* winnihave been received too W* 



* m * As usual, many communications have oecu 















