592 



tfnue to remove all decayed stems and flow I from plants in 

 the flower border, and clear away all vegetables that arc no 

 looser useful, so that the ground may be put into proper con- 

 diti n for the reception of oMier crops. Onions sown about the 

 end of February, or beginning of March, will now be to a fn 

 state for taking up ; ana: ad tage should be taken of this tine 

 •weather for drawing the bulbs out of the ground, and spreading 

 them over the beds. They should be laid with their roots up- 

 wards, and in the course of a few good sunny days they w.u 

 become sufficiently dry and matured for keeping good dunng 

 winter. Care must, however, be taken not to bruise the bulbs 

 in pulling them out of the ground, or in handling : them i at any 

 time afterwards. They should be turned at me rvals until tl ej 

 are perfectly dry and fit for removal, when they may 'be de- 

 prived of their roots and the greater portion of *»e»r leaves, and 

 placed in some dry airy s.tuati.n where they «nbe attended 



to and turned over occasionally, *^g2^?" *2 »teM 

 are iu any way damaged to be M***^*** JESSES 

 strine their Onions, which is an excellent mode of preserving 

 ttem? Gather any Apples or Pears that arenpe an go over 

 Vines reeularly, stopping them, and removing all useless 

 ^owthst^and particularly & any that are formed above .the frui 

 which is eenerally abundant this season, and should be well 

 rUendeSfo Thi,i out all small berries from the bunches, and 

 keep the branches neatly fastened in. — J. M cu. 



« THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



[Aug. 31, 



Auk- 



Sat- ** 



Sun. 



Won. 

 Tum. 91 



Thurs. 



Moon'. 

 Aire. 



UAKuM«rKK. 



Max. 



1 llbRMUN^lAli. 



9 



:•» 

 11 



19 

 13 



O 



15 



I 'J 7 Jfi 

 »74« 

 89.976 

 30.052 



*M:<7 



30.138 

 B9 97N 



Min. 

 29.6 

 89.6' 



dO.078 



80.11" 

 30.113 



» !».*M 



Max. 



71 

 73 



71 

 78 



79 



Min. 

 38 

 49 



47 



3» 

 40 



49 



Mean. 

 53.5 

 60.0 



61. 5 

 5<5.5 

 54.5 

 59.0 

 60.5 





i 57 9 



Wind. Rain 



B.W. 

 s.W. 

 N.W. 

 N.W. 



W. 



w. 



1 .no 



Aug. -m 



— M 



— 25 



— 96 



— 97 



— 99 



Bute of 



Lightly overcast and fine; clear at night. 

 Clear; y«rr fin* ; dark clouds; overea-t. 

 Light cloud" and fine throughout* 

 Overcast, cloudy, and fin** ^ 



Ovrrcant; light clouds; very dry air; clear and cold at night. 

 Clear; hotanddiy; clear above, with »h*ht loll tog at night. 

 Clear, with slight low haze; cloudless and very hne throughout. 

 Mean temperature of th e wefc & deg. below the average. 



the Weather at~< hitwick during the last 18 years, for the ensuing 



Week ending Sept. 7, 1844. 



Prevailing Winds. 



Sept. 



Aver. I Aver. jLr Mn 



Highest Lowest ™" 

 Temp. Temp. ltm * 



(Jreatost 



8un. 



Mon. 



Tum. 



Wed. 



Thur. 



Frl. 



Sax. 



69.«» 



70.7 



693 



69.7 



69-7 



.8 



68.3 



49.5 

 HK5 

 483 

 49.4 

 4H.3 

 48.2 

 49.3 



59.3 

 60.1 



58.8 

 59.6 

 60.0 

 59.6 

 50.9 



No. Of 



JS2tS quantity 



Y, hlch i t ot Rain. 

 Rained. 



Id 



I 



8 



10 



8 



8 



11 



1.50 in. 

 023 

 0.48 

 0.53 



040 



0.70 

 0.55 



• 



M 



1 8 



M 



4 



1 



3 

 3 

 2 4 

 ■ 



1 



I 





a 



i 

 i 



i 



2 

 — 2 



73 



2 

 2 

 3 

 4 



3 

 1 



4 



r. 



4 

 3 



4 



3 

 3 



7 

 6 



2 

 h 

 5 

 3 



4 

 5 

 2 



-1 



i 

 i 



i 

 i 

 i 



The highest temperature during the above period occurred on the 3rd, 

 1833— therm. 83° ; and the lowevt on the 1st. 1841— therm. 3b J . 



Notices to Correspondents. 



Fuchsias.- Clericus.-U is, we fear, now too late to hybridise 



these plan's because the truit will scarcely ripen unless the 



plants are brought into a greenhouse. Ricartoma is a better 



Female than male, because of Its hardiness, while fnlgeus 



Is tender, and should only be employed as a male. W e should 



try to cross exoniensis with Chandleri, Venus Victnx, or 



plants of that class, which we should also endeavour to 



improve by crossinpr the white and vi<-let sorts with each 



other. F. gracilis would be a good male parent for Venus 



Victrix. Tliere is no printed guide to these things. We 



trust to communicate useful information on the subject from 



time to time. In the meanwhile, hybridisera should keep very 



exHct records of what they do, and report the result, be it 



what it may. G. II. IT.— Thompson's F. formosa elegans, 



Exonicnsis, Epps's Kentish Bride, Venus Victrix, Youell's 

 Queen Victoria, and Halley's Sanguinea.* 

 Gbntianklla.— Q.— Sow the seeds or this as soon as they are 

 ripe (otherwise they soon lose the power of vegetation), in 

 pans filled with rather heavy peat. Sow on the surface, 

 ■without any covering except a slight sprinkLing of silver 

 sand; then place the pans either in a cold frame facing the 

 north and kept close, or on the north side of a wall, where 

 they are completely screened from the sun, and cover them 

 with a handglass.^ 

 Glazivg.— H.T.— Probably your greenhouse roof is too flat; 

 in that case no glazing will prevent the rain coming through, 

 unless the laps are puttied ; and if that is done you will still 

 be annoyed by drip. Unless this explains your difficulty, it 

 is not likely that the cause can be determined without actual 

 inspection. The mildew on your leaves apparently arises from 

 damp, or insufficient ventilation. 

 Gloxinia tcbiklora.— ii. H.-We never before heard of the 

 flowers of this plant dying off. If you have bloomed five 

 plants, and all, more or less, have died off, and always the 

 top flowers, you have been unusually unfortunate. Perhaps 

 you keep it too damp. 

 Grapes. — M. H. W.— When Grapes ripen in the open air, they 

 arc always well coloured, with a copious bloom. The cir- 

 cumstance, therefore, oi ur Black Hamburgh Grapes in 

 your house bein<r almost without colour and bloom, although 

 the bunches weigh from 3 to 4 lbs., must be owing to the 

 want of a sufficient circulation of air. In your new Vine- 

 border you may use all the manures you mention, namely, 

 cow-dung, stable do., pigs' do., pigeons' do., leaf-mould, 

 euano, and, though last, the most important, bone-dust; pro- 

 vided you thoroughly mix the whole with the soil by several 



turnings over. II 



Hevti.vc.— H. FT.— A very small boiler, say a second size, is 

 large enough. Heat it by tanks by all means, because of 

 their dampness. If you can manage to use open tanks in a 

 chamber below the bed you will be able to steam your house 

 at pleasure, by opening ventilators in the sides of the 

 chamber. No self-acting ventilators answer the purpose in 

 hothouses. The dampness of the air soon puts them out of 

 order. Besides, if you want much ventilation, such contriv- 

 ances will not give it; if you want very little you may dis- 

 pense with it wholly. It is a good plan to bring cold air into 

 the house through a pierced pipe ; but you had better carry 

 it into the house in such a way as to get the air warmed 

 before it mixes with the plants. Could you not carry it 

 through the chamber of your bed before the air is discharged 

 into the house > You do not want to introduce cold air into 

 either stove or greenhouse ; it is fresh air that is required. 

 Henbane.— AT.— This loves deep sandy land. It should be 

 sown at Midsummer or a little later, 'it is fit for gatheriug 

 when in full growth the following year, while in flower and 

 before it becomes at all yellow. Then it must be dried gra- 

 dually in the shade. The seeds are the most active part. 

 Insects.— B. B.'s insects are the common cockroaches. The 

 best mode of reducing their numbers is to keep a hedgehog in 



the infested apartment. R. It. T.-We are much obliged. 



The aphis inhabiting the rootsof the Lettuces isthe Eriosoma 



lactucae. R. G. /.—Your spider's-web is very remarkable, 



and we presume it was found in a wall which the ants inha- 

 bited. We shall feel obliged by your giving us the particulars, 

 and sending one of the spiders. You are aware that what 



are called ants'-eggs are the cocoons. R. W. JZ.—The 



Elder-tree is infested with plant-lice called Aphis sarabuci, 

 ■which appeared early on the Elder-shoots this season. R. 



j Wiffhtun.-The curious insects takes from the wasp's nest 

 are females of a beetle calh-d Ripiphorus paradoxus, figured 

 ami Ascribed in Curtis'.s Brit. Ent., fol. and pi. 19, 2d edit., 

 where you will also find their history; and at fol. 199. that 



ofauarasite named Anomalon vesparum. R. B. Llulo.— 



Your^rub is probably the caterpillar of Noctua meticulosa; 

 but you should have said what it fed upon, that we might 

 rear it, and ascertain the species. JL— M. C.-The little 

 scarlet insects are the Acarus autumnahs; they inhabit Grass 

 fields, Kidney Beans, &c, and are very troublesome in August 

 and September by causing little tumours in the legs, with in- 



sufierableirritation.il. 



Local Horticii.tiral SociETiss.-We learn that the state- 

 ment that the Eltham Horticultural Society was dead arose 

 from an error of the press, our correspondent, "F. H.S., 

 having written Elham, a place between Canterbury and Folk- 

 stone. " F. H. S." much regrets that this should have given 

 oain to the lady who acts as secretary at Eltham. 



Mavure.— Experimentalist.— We are obliged to make it a ru.e 

 not to recommend tradesmen, unless there should be some 

 urgent necessity, and must therefore refer you to our adver- 

 ts' ng columns. Humphreys's compound is nitrate of ammonia, 

 with a minute quantity of phosphoric acid, as has been lately 

 shown in former Numbers of this Paper, to which we must 

 refer you. Liquid guano may be given advantageously to all 

 kinds of flowers, provided the dose is not too large. Roses 

 can hardly be over- dosed with it ; herbaceous plants may be, 

 because it will make them run to leaf if there is too much of 

 it. The rule for applying liquid manures of all sorts is to do 

 it when plants are growing, and in small quantities frequently 

 repeated. To apply manure when plants are not growing is 

 to waste it. No doubt your fruit trees would be improved 

 by the addition of any sort of manure. Is not their soil too 

 dry ? If the Mulberry does not ripen its fruit, you must have 

 a very bad climate; or a very cold bottom, and we can sug- 

 gest no remedy for those difficulties. Suburban.-Oar ob- 

 servations were applied to manure and not to heating appara- 

 tus. When stable-litter is heaped over Sea-kale it does not 



act as a manure, but as a heating material. A Constant 



Subscriber.-Vitnte of ammonia is a very powerful agent 

 and must be used with caution, or it will kill plants instead 

 of curing them. The best way of applying it seems to be to 

 dissolve about a teaspoonful, or even less, in a common 

 watering-pot full of water. 



MoRFHOLooY.-ir. F.-Your Cucumber is only an instance of 

 a leaf accidentally growing to the side of the fruit. It does 

 not arise from any breaking up of the system. Such cases 



are not unusual. _. . 

 Names of Fruit.-L. P. F.-No.l. Alfnston ; 2. Kerry Pippin ; 

 3. Keswick Codlin; S.Downton; 7, Bedfordshire Foundling; 

 8/ Scarlet Nonpareil; 10. Margil ; 1 1 . Court of Wick||-— 

 Miss S. S.-No. 1. Alexander; 2. Golden Pippin ; 4. Nonsuch; 

 5 Hollandbury. The Plum No. 6 does not appear to be any 

 of the grafted varieties 5 it resembles the Wine-sour .j[ 

 Names of Plants.-*. (?.-Warrea tricolor. --JJ. ^--Your 

 plant is Portulaca splendens. It shows you how much the 

 Linnrean System is liable to exceptions. The species of Por- 

 tulaca vary greatly in the number of their stamens. 



B T S.-No. 1. Lepiriiumcampestre; 2. Thlapsi arvense ; 



3.' Rubia peregrina.§ P. J. 0.- Apparently Fuchsia 



Thompson!!.* B. B. C.-We assure you that Grasses 



cannot be named unless in flower. Eltham.-Kot a plant, 



but Oak- spangles, which are described at p. 52, vol.1 843. t 



F F —Your Fungus is a smooth state of the Scleroderma 

 vulgare, resembling very much Scleroderma geaster, a species 

 which has not yet been found in Great Britain. Smooth 

 specimens of Scleroderma are often confounded with the 

 White Truffle, and in Belgium, where they abound, are col- 

 lected and sent to Paris, where they are substituted for the 

 real Perigord Truffle, greatly to the annoyance of the bon 

 vioants, who complain that the Perigord pies are not what 



they used to be. M.J.B. W. D.-Zephyranthes Atamasco. 



Peaches and NECTARiNES.-ili. P.-The excessively dry 

 weather, together with the very severe attacks of the red 

 spider, has, in many instances, occasioned the premature 



dropping of these fruits. || ■ 



Pej.arooxicms. — An Amateur. — The following sorts will 

 improve your collection :— Beck's Susanna, Garth's Witch, 

 Pulchellum, Sultana, Foster's Sunshine, and Sir R. Peel. We 

 are not aware to whom the Pelargonium named Fair Rosa- 

 mond belonged; probably the advertisements will soon make 



it known.* 



Removal of Roses and Ornamental Shrubs.— D—t.— These 

 cannot be removed by a tenant quitting, unless he is a gar- 

 dener. W. 



Sulphate of Iron.— Anon.— Sulphuric acid will fix ammonia 



perfectly, and if that is all your object there is no use in em- 

 ploying sulphate of iron. The object of employing the latter 

 is to sweeten manure, partly by fixing ammonia, and other- 

 wise by decomposing the intolerably offensive sulphuretted 

 hydrogen. We presume rather more than twice as much 

 sulphate of iron as sulphuric acid will be required. A Con- 

 stant Reader.— This dissolves readily in cold water. If to be 

 added to putrid fluids, it may be dissolved in just as much 

 water as it requires and no more. But if it has to be applied 

 to solid masses, then it should be largely diluted, or it will be 

 wasted ; say in the latter case £lb. to a gallon of water. It is 

 not probable that any animals would lap it up, because of its 

 unpleasant taste ; but it is as well not to leave it about. In 

 small quantity it is hardly a poison. 

 Tulips.— B— k —g.— Refer to No. 24 of the Gardeners' Chronicle 

 for the present year, p. 33S, and you will find the information 

 you seek about Tulips. Change of soil and situation afford 

 the best chance for breaking them.* 

 Underwood.— H. IF.— The best description of shrubs to be 

 placed in a plantation of large trees to fill up the blank ap- 

 pearance of the ground, is Privet, Holly, Common Laurel, 

 Blackthorn, Buckthorn, Yew, and Furze, or Broom. 

 Vines.— Clericus.— Follow Mr. Roberts's advice. If you get 

 them forward before planting them out in March, you must 

 be very careful to mulch the ground all round their roots with 

 plenty of warm stable litter. The grand thing this year is 

 to get the wood thoroughly ripe, and that can only be done 

 by keeping them in a hot, dry, airy situation until the wood 

 is hard. 



•eicr. 

 are 



not 





itomuius, Kajati Kamanun Koy, Ktiouu tvnan, i^naries a., 

 Brocks' Prince of Wales, Queen, Mars, Lady Chetwynde, 

 Countess Ashburnham. Save your own seed.* 

 Miscellaneous.— A. E. D.— We cannot name your Gesneras 

 by description. Amicia zygomeris is an odd-looking, rather 

 handsome yellow-flowered papilionaceous plant. Tremandra 

 Hugelii is a pretty greenhouse bush ; Drymonia punctata is a 

 curious stove trailer, with the habit of aColumnea. A Sub- 

 scriber.— The Isle of Wight, like all islands, is much warmer 

 than the mainland, and is also sheltered by it ; and then its 

 coast lies high and dry ; both which circumstances sufficiently 

 account for the mildness of its winters. Arbutus seed may be 

 obtained from old trees in this country ; Bay and Myrtle seeds 

 from Italy. All such things are troublesome to procure, because 

 they are not common articles of trade. We regret our inability 

 to assist you. If they come into the market, any nurseryman 



will know how to obtain them. Ortoluno. — Phormium 



tenax likes a fresh, loamy soil, dry in winter and damp while 

 it is growing. Silene maritima is growing luxuriantly in a 

 stiff, loamy soil, just before our windows. Winter Savory is 

 Satureia montana. P. J.— Of course they will be adver- 

 tised. Dianthophilos.— Neither of the specimens you have 



sent is the true Clove Pink of our gardens; they are not the 

 true colour, nor do they possess the delicious spicy fragrance 



of this old favourite, which is of a rich red maroon colour 



Your blooms are purple, and nearly scentless.* A 2V<n£ 



—Your Fuchsias, lately removed to the open ground, thi 

 becoming sick, and whose leaves are turning blown, have 

 been sufficiently supplied with water. Fuchsias are thirstv 

 plants, and should be well attended to in this respect, or ther 



very soon lose their leaves. Clericus.— The chief thing to 



be attended to in plants for winter or early spring flowerinr 

 is to get the wood thoroughly ripened. After that they may 

 be introduced into heat at any time. Pelargoniums cut down 

 in June last may be made to flower next February or March 



if they are forced. t C. M.—ln striking cuttings of Fuchsias' 



at this season of the year, it is advisable to place them on a 



slight hotbed, ji W. C. — To your conservatory climbers 



you may add Ceanothus azureus, blue; and Passifiora Loudoni 



crimson. X B. — Rhododendron lapponicum, chamaecistus' 



and chrysanthum, are among the very rarest plants. By 

 all means preserve them in pots during the ensuing winter in 

 a cold pit, which you can keep free from too much damp. 

 Place them near the light, and give them air whenever you 

 are able. A Reader.— Much information respecting Vege- 

 table Ivory is given at p. 836, vol. 1842.t A Subscriber.^ 



The directions respecting the preparation of ground for As- 

 paragus, given at p. 541, are good ; but by adding a little 

 more manure, if you have plenty of it, the plants will grow 

 all the better, provided you do not put it too thick, as in that 



case it is apt to become soddened and rot the plants.* a 



Beginner.— Strawberry-plants for forcing, when taken from 

 the striking-pots (60s.), are generally shifted into 32s. We do 

 not consider that they would do better for having an inter- 

 mediate shifting into 48s. There is no better way of destroy- 

 ing green-fly in a Cucumber-frame than smoking them with 

 Tobacco, provided the operation is rightly performed. It 



should be done when the leaves are dry.j B. F.— It is 



published in time a frr the morning mails. Amicus.— Messrs. 



Lane and Son, Berk:i ampstead. 



SEEDLING FLOWERS. 



Carnations and Picotees.— P. C— 20, a bizarre Picotee, 

 with yellow ground ; the flower is large and full, with a good 

 crown, and terse guard petals; but the edges of the petals 

 want smoothness, and the colour is too much distributed over 

 the surface of the petals ; it is a good border variety. Of the 

 two lemon-coloured selfs, 12 is decidedly the better of the 

 two, the petals being larger and stouter than in 13 j but seed- 

 lings like these are very common.* 



Dahlias.— J. JI. JI.— Your seedling is of a good colour, but the 

 petals unfold irregularly ; the centre is also confused and 



deficient in petals; it shows the yellow disk.* W.A\— 



Your Islington Rival is a very promising specimen ; the ar- 

 rangement of the petals, their form and substance, are good, 

 and the eye is well elevated ; it is a compact and finely- 

 formed flower; colour, deep maroon.* T. JI.— The bloom 



of your white Dahlia had broken short off, and was much 

 bruised and damaged. The petals are of a good form, and 

 well arranged, and the flower is of a good general form ; the 

 centre in the bloom sent was imperfect, and we fear this 

 part of the flower will prove too thin.* 



Fuchsias.-/. W., Pitlessie.- Your seedling No. 1 is an elegant 

 flower, of good texture, and though wanting the violet colour 

 in the corolla, it still makes a pleasing variety.* /. H. C.- 

 The form of the bud of No. 29 is curious, being so perfectly 

 globular; but it possesses no other qualification to recom- 

 mend it to general cultivation. 54-Tube and sepals bright 

 carmine, smooth and shining, but the corolla wants colour, 

 and it is no improvement upon globosa major. 83-rsoc sui- 

 ficiently compact, and deficient in colour 99 v ?ry much re- 

 sembles Venus Victrix, but not equal to that variety from the 

 corolla Dossessin- less of the v olet colour, and the tube and 

 K»*\?™^mxl°\W- 6* is ver >' P retty ' and S , ingula , r m 



of its colour we ha / n e c £7 e ^ colour 5 The 



its bright 9 carmine tube jand -P fi « er ^fe^ Wofet^n 



fh o e w c e o r ;oii 2 a : s ssfa ^^j^^r^^^^ 



brilliant, and the ^f ^%rS^e\Zi^^^ 

 a stouter and i ar S cr *°*f. r ' /^thg f colours, and they much 

 there is not so ..trong ;a contrast .J^— with a fine 

 resemble each other. « an «i e . . 



w n n ThP seedling from fulgens wnica juu ..«.w -™- 

 W. D. B. — lne seeu un& •* hunches are large, the one sent 

 a very handsome variety 5 ^e Jninche ^are ^.^ ^^ 

 containing more than 80 flowers, tt ie iu ^^ 

 of a delicate flesh colour ^ th Pf n %^ r e ee s n p aces between.* 



is of a bright ™™*™; s T?en "good flower, rich in colour, 

 Clericus. -Your .Fuchsia is £ very „ ^ there 



and of a ? ood ffi sh ^,VdistUiTt from other varieties to render 



is nothing sufficiently distinct iro //.-Your 



it Parable to them for general ^ ^ 



seedling inform ls /?f o ce . "', in co lour and moderate m 

 generally of seeing, it is also gooji^coi ance in its 



size; it, however .bears too Jtron a^ ^ 



general appearance to some o & rthele8Sf 



ffiK^U — growing, being a finely-pro- 

 portioned flower.* seedlings are very hand- 

 Lobblia rvvo»ss.-F.B. aoiaj, muU ifiora, the lip of 

 some varieties, particularly ^ /" = , ^ d dazzliog scarlet, 

 which is large and broad 01 a r t so i ar ge as the 



S^SStt^^KZffi The, are both «, 



could not be perceived cime n wants both size and 



Pelaroovil'.ms.— /. </•— IUUi ° F 



substance.* __The two specimens sent— seed- 



P„ t ox »™»"^^72^;«&.JU™ fiae in colour, 



' . ' . a ;„ form a SO.* _ 



ig; therose-cowuiju.-..-., divisions curl aooui, 

 L er deeply indented, and the dnisioi ns 



■fvesit a confused a PP ea ™ ncc ' *£ e J l |Sar collec- 

 jJSy.a S. G.-The best seedlinff in >our ^ 



n" named Rose 4> Amour; th;s s distinct in^ 



or striking; tne rose-cui^t*^- ' \ \£ a\ v 



"oi : I ath/r' deeply inde-ted, •***£*? 



which gives 

 wants novelt 



tionis one named Rose a-amour; *»•--- , e and gooa 

 being of a bright-and lovely PJ^ ht c J ° a wit B „ pink eye. is also 

 flower. The Lovely Rambler, light 1 ac wtn V ble s 



a good flower. Messenger, a pood J ilac, 1 ^ dar * 



some of the older varieties. The Giant, an* col<mr wa ^ 

 eye: the head of the flower ,s . 1 "f^ flo wer, is surpassed 

 clearness ; and Mulberry^ thougha good £ ^ e ot 



by others in cultivation. «" A " ce "t r a " eu sta te of this flower.* 

 worth cultivation,in the present improved sw Seed i in g 



Geraniums, inserted 24th August, the pxi 

 50 seeds, and not 5s. 



