624 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



pected to produce for six weeks ; and, as I am sc ce of mate- 

 rial, as soon as a bed finishes bearing profi 

 removed, fresh droppings added to the depth 

 the old and the new mixed together, spawned, and earthed'at 

 the proper time -the same as in a fresh bed. It is not of much 

 consequence whether the ma terial of the bed is rather dry or 



I?i?!fn- Jr°u ]Y ,a } he fi - St CaSC ' after pawning, a covering of 

 wet cow or horse-dung is added, and in the second case, the 



spawn should be wrapped in a handful of dry litter before being 

 inserted. In all shallow beds, the earth should be put on after 

 spawning as soon as the state of the bed will permit, regulating 

 the thickness of the earth from l to 2* inches, according to the 

 thickness of the bed, and the time you ex, ect them to produce: 

 as, the thinner your covering of earth, the sooner will you ob- 

 tain Mushrooms,— at the expense, in general, of solidity in the 

 Mushroom, and permanence in the crop. Both with in-door 

 and out-door beds the heat should be rather on the decline, and 

 just about milk-warm, before spawning; and then if, after 

 eartning-up, the heat should not be sufficient, you may throw 

 •what you wish into the bed by covering. Before you could re- 

 medy too much heat, the spawn is worthless.— R. F. 



VI.— ARBORICULTURE. 



Old Woods.— Proceed with preparations for fresh planting, if 



any is to be done during the ensuing season, by clearing the 



.ground of any useless shrubs, such as Briars, Thorns, Furze, 



&c Trench and hole the ground where any additions are to 



be made. 



Coppice.— Refer to last week's Chronicle, and attend to what 

 is wanted to be done at this season. Remove any useless stuff, 

 where something more profitable may be substituted. 



Joung Plantations. -Attend to former directions. Too much 

 attention cannot well be paid to these where jt is wished to have 

 them profitable, as well as creditable to the owner and to the 

 person intrusted with the management of them. 



mmS?f,n?h* , "T Make u ready for fresh Panting, if required. 

 *mmg up the places where trees have died should be proceeded 

 with at every opportunity. F 



e t ?ZZ?J V n' k '~V lti most im P°*tant work at this time is 

 ina tt L a ?tt dS aS the y appear-they make great progress 

 Dlan n t SL at ? 18 ^ BMOa ' Train the l ***iug shoots of the 

 off the ,ndl ^ ^K haV f d ° ne ^wing for the season, and pinch 



?ro:n 'he s?em.- ?r. T^*' Side -* hoots that exte " d to ° far 



T . . . VII.— COTTAGERS* GARDENS. 



Hii«L P . nnCl il al °P era tions to which attention is now to be 

 ThTr rant? the , Fating of Grapes and the gathering of fruit. 

 Ihe Grapes, which should now be swelling last, had better be 



wV«»« *n f a S ze baffs » to P reserv e them from the attacks of 

 **t&\™'' n 7t XCh >* re ? 0W troubl esome. With regard to the 

 CnrralLr? "n' 8uch a8 A ^P les and Pears-the sorts that 



th,.m?r^ & K nera u ycultivate -t rreat c are is necessary to keep 

 X £rf J°? S bruised. They should be handled like eggs, 



ready for «l? SU ' e their keeping - The time when the fru »- i* 

 own JroS ft henn » , V ndicated b y its beginning to drop of its 



on !S Iv f lT the trecs ' °y its P artin & fr eely from the stem 

 the sopru .J! i y ?°r e ?« °* if ' on cutting open one of the fruit, 

 nerformfnt fv f a dark - brown colour, it is fit lor gathering. In 

 ?hik/r ?r S t ?, W °P era tion, however, the fruit should never be 

 iand niS tr . ees ' as is often done « but ** *ould be all 



the basket nnn adlT day u In storin & **» let » be taken from 

 and if ? I' ? ld Placed where it is to remain with great care; 

 one', on « ll' ,6t l L be arra »gcd side by side, and not placed 

 seed beds -h^ 2*° r f SpeCt to Vegetable's, look over the 

 doieifn ke ep them clear of weeds. Onions, if notalready 



order' th«Ah U ° W ^ dried auU 8tored as soon as Powible, in 

 to the l£l f, ^"u may be got read y for oth er crops. Owing 

 ta\n m ,Ph «r\w " ra £ le weilther > the flower-bordcrs still main. 

 SndUion • InH ei T ? eaUt) :- Scarlet Pelargoniums are in fine 

 noble bush^nf I h f e l i\* y seen in the °Pe* &™und some 

 loaded iwith hi * achMa Rlccartonii in luxuriant health, and 

 loaded with blossoms. This is an excellent border variety; it 



as I am scarce of mate- F 136, and in No. 33. p. 560, of the present yearTfrom which 

 profuse y, the top part is. you can select the number you require; and a 1 £t of Polv 

 epth_oftwo other inches, anthus also, No. 9, p. 136.* y ~ 



c o*"C« Show.-C. IV York.-The Judges at this Show placed 

 several seedlings which, owing to informality on the part of 

 the exhibitor, did not receive a prize. We especially noticed 

 a scarlet bizarre, a noble striking flower; it had, however a 



JavV H hlrf " a rh re ° n the 6dge of the petals « but we sh ould 

 f SL riLl ™ aD J wo - tnird * of the varieties comprising 

 that class. The scarlet flake was also fine; white, good 



hS^T 11, f Dd , the Petal3 of S° od tenure and wel? r?b- 

 boned. A purple flake, we understood a seedling from Ely's 



w^Vl* al V he ffood P^Perties of that esteemed flower! 

 with a darker stripe. W. ^" 



CiNKRARiAS.-C.AT.-You will find an excellent variety in the 

 £2 1?™'*' V Z - '' EcUpSe ' Rival Kin * Victoria Regina! 

 ?fS?r P r',?H 0d f"' Era P eror ' Red Rover, Black Knight, plan; 

 Ellsler, Captivation, Compacta, and Criterion.* 



M R uZ\u V "?'~ A - ft - We believe the secret of keeping these 

 }?™ I* t° P^erve them during winter in a frame whence 

 frost and wet are excluded. They like peat. Upon the 

 management of the bee and spider Ophrys we regret to say we 

 have no information. Perhaps some correspondent has. 



^"'"^ R - D.-Cat down your bushes in the begin- 

 ning of April , and serve them all alike. 



F*'~~ J J -?'- The maturity of fruit is influenced by so many 



S2 S C t UmSta " CeS ' 8Uch as soi1 ' elevation, aspect, and. 



£?2£ ' I f . y ° Ee must be his ow » adviser on that point. 

 To give weekly directions would only mislead. 



FucHsiAs.-i}/.^., F.tf.S.-Procure the following 12 forts: 

 v J^ 0n i eD K S1S i Fo i™ osa Regans, Epp's Kentish Bride, Smith's 

 p I ll' Rob J ,8ta . Bell's Queen, Conspicua arborea, Pride of 

 Peckham Youell's Queen Victoria and Countess Tyrconnel, 

 Halley s Sanguinea, and Standish's Candidate.* 



whPth^Ti^^ ^T 1 ?* circulation of water is the same, 

 whether the flow-pipe is quite full or not. A Subscriber.- 



J«r It " ght m A bavinff plei,ty of wate r : we cannot, how- 

 ever, recommend you to construct your hot- water tank of 



?Sfpt 8 n*« Cen ;^ n . t '• '• F lt i8 f0und in practice almost im Pos- 

 SnL S? reV t nt thejomts Breaking, in consequence of expan- 



S^^! aCt r ; . U "'l SS ' indeed ' the tanks are constantly 

 filled with hot water, in which case they will probably stand. 



S«^. m ? an ! e , SOme pipe in addition, and manage, by 

 means of a stop-cock, to heat them or not, as you please. A 

 second-sized boiler will do. 



P»nea; Abies deodara and , z = 



Ailantus glandulosa, 8yrinS ^ A,ietai * > >A**toi 



Rosks—J. p. B.-Any if ♦»,« persic a,and the c 

 hetter than we can, what^i ^^.growex.wmiT^j 

 for competition. You had f bet ter ? e . hnt ***** JS 

 with no other directions except aYr^S? y ,° Ur wdw ^ Sal 

 be exposed to. Lepc as to the chjnate ther k»S* 



Sbedlings.— /. JV* C Yn a f » 



nothing remarkable' about U i r tf!!i 1 V Can v rerbur ? r Befl la, 

 between Achimenes rosea aid'TT" c -~lour seedlS.5 

 not very distinct, and^ d ?J ?55S? j the y are preJV 5 



■5 



i- 



would not improve much by having aiTr." "* e cocci aeeiI 

 STRAWBgRRiEs.-G.-Give vour Sfr u ^erpot. ^» ■ 



dressing of guano, mLxed w^Tsix^^! 8 * *** 

 in the end of February l7 inorfu C8 - lts bulk of "At 



The Vi.ve.-AT. ^. - T h er e is no ^nVn 8Qirable to ^^ 



of this plant. The nearest aDifrnrLlr Ven toIcr » bi e •^ra, 



those of Geiger and Proust K liey^v^, 10 a ^ 2* 



f7°Su a 5ss h r they either beco - ^s^jS 



T °i? mrtTfflc^iTjrV;^ T f ° bacC0 ' "0 « to reM. 



cient that the leaves be taknnff.nH insect8 « lt is «>ot n£ 

 mens Liebig .u£ f ^ha^ "J- 4S 



tion of water is necessary for thP E ♦■ ur,nf ' the tig. 

 oil to which the virtue oft h a rtfel ?"£ «{?£,? "^ P*5 

 mentions fermentation ; but if this * ^a uiL Hettoo 



be in an extremely slight de^reo nthl Iowed ' u ■« 

 materially wasted in qufntitv ^hils ^ r ?" ^^ h 

 decidedly bad. When m. iti'e. the ■ IcIf^S^? ""^ 

 pull up your plants, or cut them very close bv tZ?! l, > ?* 

 hem by the root end in a dry placefwiSo^^tn„n^ t, J , ^ 



H and A r«n?rn^ LAXTS ;~°- ?'~ Tbe foll °wing are 12 handsome 

 En™?? newuard y s °r ts =- 1 »Aquilegiafragrans; 2, Sta- 



cut down o«h k \, piaius u,a - are done flowering should 

 come uShriv n R T r their 8temS removcd whenever they be- 

 Woom shoS M t f Dal,ha f' on the contrary, that are still in fine 

 r,mM° al i be trimmed and tied up. If the gi 



Wt^ lf ^ and endeavour to keep the whole 



Jitac ana clean as possible.— J. M'H. 



ground is weedy. 



as 



Bute of *e Weather near London forthe week ending Sept 12, 1844, 

 . Qbaerved at the Horticultural Garden, ChfawSST 



Sept. 



as 



Pria. 



Sat- 



Sun. 



Won. 



Tue«. 



Wed. 



Tiiur*, 



Average 



Sept. 



AROMKTBR, 



Max. 

 29.934 

 '913 

 i9.873 

 29.74 7 

 29.954 

 30.014 



MUMS 



Min. 



29.837 



'29. 8M 



29.759 



29.717 

 29.820 

 29-995 



ao.oil 



THKHM4fMflTliK. 



Min. 



29 932 29. V 



M ean. 

 t>6\5 

 66.0 

 67.0 

 60.0 

 54.5 

 53.5 

 60.5 



Wind. 



Rain. 



61.8 



S £fe d . y a " d fin , e ; J ovcrca " and raild at night. 



1 vl?./* lU; y Cl0Ud l ; « c «di«*lr clear and dne. 

 8 Verj tine; clear; hi 



evening, 



s.u\ 





s.vv. 



.01 



8.E. 



.28 



w. 



.24 



S.W. 





N. 





w. 





* i 



b3~ 



eavy rain with thunder and lightning in the 



- 9 0v ^V. fl fi " e ; ^ nl l cloud « d * 8h0w «» " afternoon ; lightnin R 

 with neavy ram in the evening. s"^«i"g 



- 10 Densely overcaet ; fine; slightly ciouded. 



— 11 Heavy dew; clear above, with illght lo 



ie evening, 

 c] 



flight low fog; exceedingly fine ; 



~ 12 Ml»nT t; ver y fin V h / ou « hout ' clear at night. 

 Mean temperature of ihe week 3 deg. above the i 



clear. 



average, 



State of the Weather at Chiswick du 



Sept. 



Aver. I Aver. 

 JKhest; Lowest 

 Temp. 



.hiswick during the laat 18 years, for the ensuin* 

 Week ending Sept. 21, 1844. g 



^rorailin^'Wiiidsr 



Sun. 15 



ilon. 16 



Tues. 17 



Wed. la 



Thur.19 

 *ri. so 



Sat. 21 



I I No. of 



Mean Years in 



which it 



Rained. 



9 



8 



7 

 9 



9 



7 

 8 



Greatest 

 quantity 

 of Rain. 



0.63 in. 



0-50 



0.90 



0.J6 



0.60 



0.4.5 



0.30 



z 



^ 



1 

 1 



3 



2 



3 



1 

 4 



1 



»— 



W 



2 



3 



2 



1 



3 



2 



4 



/: 



1 



2 



i 



I 



4 

 8 

 2 

 2 



4 

 3 — 

 II 5 



i 



4 

 5 

 4 

 4 

 2 



3 

 1 



4 

 3 



] 



4 

 2 



1 

 2 

 2 

 2 



:\ 



2 



and 12, Anemone vitifolia.f ' — — «Msj 



H l P R f tPr U ir RAL Soc f I , ETy --^« JE*a«*,7or.-We cannot insert 

 letters at a moment's notice; yours will appear next week. 



'"SSSrfTT' A " ,, '-~ Tn J ere is a Clover weevil, but we should feel 



and e sn P ^ y ° Ur ?!? dl - aff Mr * CurUssome of the injured leaves 

 and specimens of the insects alive with them in a small box. R. 



S ti/rl y ° U w i 11 £ avoar Mr. Curtis with a portion of a 

 f^om nrl= d SOme °' toe ^P^e insects, in a box protected 

 w«?a£T 8Ur V 0Ur qUeriGS wiU be attended to; but the leaf 

 rnvthn4 ry H^ a n d }° S ?\ her that U wa8 inipo'ssible to find 



Calcedaria, W ^ Uld ^ SO I llke to see the ***** ^ring the 

 L-aiceoJarias. T.-The destructive grubs you sent are the 



hSS^C ° f * m ° th Called Noctua exclamationis, whosS 

 history is given in our columns of this day. R.— Lc J- 



Your caterpillar, it is expected, will produce a Saw-fly called 



nainAT™ ^f 0rttm l but in fu tu?e we beg thltw'ith in- 

 quiries you will favour us with specimens. R.— WHR- 



^WrtSfffrlff" -^inclined to behefefnat 

 » Curtis*s P Bri L t* fn, W -«n °{ , Vespa ^armica, v id e 



caviar, .^lf p^^ j, 8 the /f^ 



fi^and^S 



injured to decide n l ; t J ° UrDaI ; the ° ther is to ° m « c » 

 small mo h We Znn t !, nRIDe - Ifc ma ^ »« the larva of a 

 Ros ma^tsh,, ? dVISe >" ou hovv to exterminate the 



from r a e tm^ h U e ^ Tn^Z'T » h «"jr the mischief ari ses 

 Chronicle, p. 700. ij. To1, of the Oardenera' 



lilack Morocco GraDe n r* r i ««h « iT i 1 , "^' 



Old Enelkh r^rfii,, . , . "~ 1 and 3 » Hawthornden: 2, 



So vlu , g . ihe 8 P ec, raens were fine. U ^. ff ^ 



— JNo. i, Yelluw lne-eitrip. 9. s,,,„«, Q ^ u„ ,__ . .- ' rK -- D - 



BeautyofKent.il 



Apple : 



i-^£fisy?2ra? a4S?£-,^ac3Srs? d - *■" lr,h - 



tcfirt ££ .'""■^"•-Coosolt a letter from Mr. Bree in 

 Brazilian Best -^-T'rtA «- 



Bi/LBs.-F/ora.-Grow the^Tln Sl l al !. be mucn obliged.* 

 in which there is a tolerable nr. y S U »- in a good P eat border, 

 ones must be planted \^tlT^A^f>^ m ' All the tender^ 

 shine, in a well-ventilated rre^h™? {t 2^ to ° much sun- 

 details, for each of your 40 Znl S;/ e cannot &> into 

 of directions, for which webaw qor Jl qnire .* separate set 

 undertake to answer such a crowd n?S?. ! .? or lndeed can we 

 CAv KK R.-i2., C/«^m.-ThereTno kno^l OBS ' 

 in Apple trees. Some varieties are moTe S d ! { or { c anker 

 O'hers, and in some soils it is induced on evervi?- 1° "! thail 

 In them. Wood that is produced in , wet S ? nety planted 

 to canker in succeeding vears. If it ta owinr toK° n8 *• apt 

 this may be changed ; if the soil i ^ the cauVe ° ^/^^ 

 must be made to better it. Lime will probabW d c io?cl ^k^* 

 produced in a bad summer should be well JhorK in a °nd 

 the diseased parts of the old branches should be cit'om 

 Your method of numbering Labels is the old well known nlan t 

 CAa.vATio.Ns.-Yoa will find lists of Carnations Kojp 



Names of Plavt* v j / . 



which will goon strand ^^ are 5l l7 CuSCUta chilensi8 > 



j C -Yoiir tV S everything that comes in its 



j.i;. — Your fraeraents s PPm tn k q i„.,„ ♦„ „..*.___ - 



«===32L»35 ^ ^ssaL to . «-s= « 



sorts may CS^Si^^? 10 ^- A ^ '*" *&« 

 SomeofthehiehrSour^ l hese .- wi11 su e&est themselves. 



shape, » SjSSffSSSSl ISl"ndSL•r l i tll V» ,l8rl, " 0t & °° d in 

 and should be kept tih n n p« r ° , the ^ eneral eff ect, 



colour, with nn^ro^^ThTlii^T ° f ^ ^^ 

 postscript we cannot recomm-ni f f flowers in your 



posite direction. TheSSwS^^nTI^ 6 "S 1 in an ° P " 

 we may have to add to *the ^bovefist * "^ &U P UDlished > 



«S^S2^ ^ Ied - a - Calceolarias 



Plants and Treks.-/ v T-Thif, t " auswer y° u r question.* 

 are suitable for pinUnc on an eey^tZ^T *** * hr »!» 

 sea, in the south of Devon :~Leyce & te i« f- ' "l™ 

 arieefolia, bella. and cunei folia- Hvd?«nJI! i° r,nosa ' S P ir ** 

 tus procera and others; BeySriSMu^niffm 5°?f USI . 8 » ^ rbu - 

 Alnus cordata, Quercus ccrri fs ffi 'T and fasci e"lar»s ; 

 sessihflora; uimus veeeta! r\ \hri T ulham » Ilex » coccinea, and 



eus Douglks^iTie^fal & SoUy^ 1 Vr l^i?ta, r^' 

 elliptica. Hippophae confe?ta, CrtiiuJ «i5 roma J Garrva 

 ^andifiora and conspicua; AnS^tra^Sd 



quantity of water Absolutely necessary for thV«?i W ? alrt the 



They should then be spread out liat above each other £ 

 handfuls, pressed, then finally well dried and l iackS \'£ 

 cose till required for use. Thus managed, you Ju 1 & i 



Surfinn S^ lty ? mUCh ° f the ""P^ted'llbacco fo th 

 destruction of insects on wall-trees, &c. It is imooiibta to 



o ay ah,ZeTfn 10f ^ imp ° rted Tobacco is rendeZ"ferii 

 of a burned foxy colour, in consequence of improper ferment*! 



^'' f of water not being supplied during the P roce«o( 



curing, ii 



Tvlifs.~N.NP -Three Bizarres: Polyphemus, Charboaler 

 Noir, and Catafalque. There is no method of getting a spwdy 

 increase of bulbs. There are no plates of these flowers.* 



Vines.— A .B.—As soon as the Fruit is cut you may remove u 

 much of the old wood as will admit sufficient air and lie ht 

 for the maturity of the young wood.|| 



Wasps.— L. Short.— Ii you know of a better way of destroyinr 

 these creatures than by turpentine, pray say what it is. We 

 doubt the possibility of anything being more effectual. Bat 

 why do at three different times what may be done so easily »t 

 once ? 



Miscellaneous.— X. A. — Achimenes longiflora cannot be 

 grown to any good purpose in an open border. You cannot 

 make a fountain without a head of water or some good me- 

 chanical contrivance for producing the requisite pressure. 

 The little self-acting fountains are the most childisn things 



imaginable. A heavy rain extinguishes them. Omega.— 



The ordinary allowance of labour is a man to an acre. For 

 what is called a single-handed place, you may get a man for a 

 guinea a week. Sashes for frames are usually 3 feet 8 inches 

 broad, and 6 feet long. If your pits are sunk they will be 

 more easily kept warm ; but then, if the soil is not well drained 

 they are apt to be damp. By all means heat them with some 

 sort of apparatus ; of which the sort will depend upon the 

 purpose to which you mean to apply them. You will find 

 many statements respecting that subject in our previous 

 Numbers. Glaze with sheet glass; it is rather expensive, bat 



much the cheapest. M. M. G.— For the pronunciation of 



Dahlia refer to vol. ii. p. 737.* T>. J— If your object is to 



procure double flowers, rid your bed of the single ones.* — 



N. N. P.— Double Pansies are not worth cultivating.* AG. 



is answered in another column, i A. C— We have not re- 

 ceived the parcel you mention. £ 



SEEDLING FLOWERS. 



Dahlias.— F. and A. S.— Ycur seedling Lady Sale is a profJB- 

 ing flower— a bright-yellow regularly tipped with crimson; 

 it is novel in colour and good in form. Tne centre is well a* 

 but the bloom sent was too young to judge whether tins pari 

 of the flower developes itself sufficiently.* 



Fuchsias.- T. F.— Your needling is an elegantly-formed nower, 

 with fine violet corolla, but it differs too slightly from oam 



varieties in cultivation.* J. M.-Your seedll0 & s *",*,!!£ 



only bruised and damaged by their journey, but »« JrrJ 

 were all torn from the flowers, so that it ls 1 in ;P ( **^: r S 

 determine to which they belong; some of t nc \|Sn«°;°„V 

 varieties are very pretty, but they are very much dlsC0 ^"T 

 from being so much bruised.* Jnou.-Three seeonunj 



which are fair flowers, but not possessing novel 7 K b T T hir 

 to send out. No. 2, which is the best, is disfigured oywruj 

 very long and narrow sepals ; in other respects it ^ .vSnL 

 the tube and sepals are of a transparent and del !» ie {j^; 

 with a deep vermilion corolla: 3 too much res 601 ?^:"^. 

 in cultivation; and No. l, which is a gond stout n°j er . 



the same fault.* A Ke7itish Florist.-Yourtoxusetaaw 



are all good flowers, but they too much resemble eacn i 



3 and 4 have slightly the advantage, being the brig are * 



most distinct, and having also the best-formed corona.- 

 J. N. C.-Nos. 1 and 4 are large, rich-coloured fo*tr*, 

 the sepals of both are coarse. No. 3 is pretty, but w" 

 them are equal to sorts in cultivation.* ^ 



Petunias.-J. ^.-The best flower among the Secdlwj»JJ 

 is No. 2 : light lavender, with dark purple veins; I an 

 common and colourless; 4 is a very fine colour, b« «" 



small.* . . -„_ or colour 



Verbenas.- W. G.-Your seedling is a good flower ^ en 



crimson maroon, and f^ugh it strongly resembles some 

 varieties out, from its size and manner of opening, m *h 

 to any of the same colour. * , flo1rtr 



Pansibs.-J-*.~Ic is impossible to tell the : merits of aflo^ 

 when sent folded up in paper ; it becomes dry anddiscu 

 by the time it reaches us. The centre appears to wan 



tinctness, and the petals substance* A Subscnper. ^ 



is a very pretty flower in its young state, fine in i mr 

 good in substance; but when fully expanded the m s 

 round the side petals becomes weak and watery, «l^7, te 



but deficient in the points we have mentioned. 5 s _-- ^ 

 fine in form as 22, but it is of good substance, fiat, c»r» , 

 good in colour, with a very fine eye.* •„ „«inm\ but 



coTEES.-I.e<f,»me«.-Your seedling is pretty in colour, 

 the petals are too small in size and few in number. of> 



srbe.vas.-JF. Jlf.-No. 1 was too much decayed to J"* ^ 

 the true colour of the flower could not be seen i , % 

 variety, No. 140, is of a beautiful tint, clear, and liveij. 



Vb 











