656 



THE nARnENERSyC HRONICLE, 



[Sept, 28, 



/.,,„„,■„ -AttenM to the directions given in last week's 

 Calefdl"' Prepare ground for planting, and fill up vacant 

 J£ces taking care to select the most profitable kinds of trees, 



*g&£EE^ new ones are aboot to be made 



I wouuf strongly recommend planting a ™«™«*»^L™£ 

 ▼ariety of plants for permanent undergrowth, at the firs t plai at 

 ing, where shelter or blinds are desirable, as they will 1 ha ve a 

 belter chance to establish themselves than when planted at a 

 future time , take care, however, to head them off at different 

 heights, in order to keep them low and bushy, and to prevent 

 them from injuring the permanent trees; this me hod is equal 

 to thinning iu their first sta K es of growth. The 1 *"***$**?* 

 of it may be seen in Dr. Thackeray's P lant . a ^Xe Fir's broke. 

 where some Beeches have been ^^^^f^li^^t. 

 off. In addition to the kinds specified in last t«l« n * ar *" <™£ 



able for this porpo*. I WO*d£o ^^JEMS 



ftC t\f!Cr UHdU vyaiv-u 



Vll -COTTAGERS' GARDENS. 



A. we may cxuect cold weather KWD, any plants turned out 



to be mjared lb, ''"''•^ t %^ t " on Turn"oecorne unsightly they 

 ^y y i«ta^nup?«h?.ons P h e aK r eu.rom their roots the sten,s 

 ano^ed hac, Jimie, a,,d then J* „«o .o»U pots, ,n wh.ch 



£ne it IhouM be B iven in the »on.l« ? . Tta. autumn has 



some of > ou ^f7,^_ a JL iglanceo iata, Double Pinks, De.phi- 

 Kw' Brownii and procumbens, Monarda didyma, Stenactis 



^WBiS5i« a S £533 



The dealers Ifyof. us/ an P A rnott stove you -™« 

 that it requires «^ «.«/«' «?»«««»/?f — - 4 *"*^vc %'nd 

 Z^%lt r ^ o, oo'Slii be , g Iad T ?oVul| P your appa 

 '^ us down again' Why not adapt hot-water pipes o your 

 still • or rather, why not sell your copper still, and lay tne 



money out n heating the house with hot water. -■!•»«'""•• 



"you may "enamly grow plantain the manner you propose; 

 but you must have some means of shutting off the hot water 

 when you do not want it, or you will have too much m sum- 

 Three inch pipes will do very well. Melons may be 

 such a place, provided you can warm the soil a 



a 



»re raised let all weeds, haulm, &c, be cleared away 

 manure heap, for upon its accumulations the crops tor next 

 Tei«eatly depend. Lettuces sown in August will now be in 

 Eoa condition for tran.planting. This should be done w row. 

 fbout nine inches apart, and let the plants stand about six 

 tadiea apart in therow; they likea rich, light, and, or winter, 

 rather dry soil; the situation should be a warm border if ^pos- 

 sible When these, and late Cauliflower plants are put in, 

 Uttle more will be needed in the planting way for some time. 



Keep a few Endive plants blanched, by ^'"Vt^Ct'^n 

 over them closing up the hole in the bottom of the pot, in 

 ord'er tc prevent wet and Ught from entering. Continue to gather 

 fruit as it becomes ripe, taking particular care to prevent its 

 be^ng bruised or injured in any way; the slightest bru.se upon 

 the fr. it. even although not visible on the outside at the time, 

 i ultimately occasion premature decay. Grapes ripening 

 on walls should be protected, if frosty nights are likely to 

 occur.— J. McII. 



State of th* Weather near London for the week •n<«»J ! *P«- 26 > 1844 ' M 



observed atthe Horticul tural Garden, Ihnwlcfc. 



Thkkmomhtkk. 



Sept 



Frld. 

 Bat- 

 Sun. 

 Hon. 

 Tue^ * 



81 



.Moon's 



J', IKIIHKrKH. 



Wind- 



Thurs. SB 



Average 



Ag«. j 



Max. 



Min. 



Max. 



7 



30.088 



89.997 



68 



8 



SO 001 



30.048 



64 



9 





89.921 



61 



10 



80.741 



89.699 



89 



11 



30.081 



89 893 



6'3 



11 



80.831 



80.174 



65 



O 



30.870 



30.198 



72 



\ 





99.M9 



8M1 



.Min. | Mean. 

 40 



47 



40 



40 

 80 

 85 



36 



Rain. 



53.0 



E. 



.01 



i.S 



N . K. 



.01 



55.0 



E. 





65.5 



N.E. 





52.0 



N.E. 





50.0 



N.E. 





54.0 



S.W. 





49.1 68 5 



r_[ 



02 



8«pt. 80 Drl«ly ; n«»y . «« i cl«r above with low to* at night. 

 L 2 i Clear, very for £ "%&$& cl « MSSLrf-dfc i . 



Fine ; cloudy with brisk wind 



— 99 



sunshine occasionally ; cloudy, 

 oudy ; fine with eloudtj overcast 



ft*. - *. W,.,K.r „ CMJJJ***^^™ ,.«. for d» -.la. 



Prevailing Winds. 



Sept 



Han. 89 

 If on. 30 



Oct. 

 Tues. I 

 Wed. 2 

 Thur. 3 



Fri. 4 

 8at. 



Arer. I Aver. MeRn 

 HiKhettl Lowest T cinp 

 Temp. Temp. 



No. of j Greate-t 

 Years in 



which it 

 Rained. 



quantity 

 of Kain. 



85.1 

 84.4 



638 



64. A 



697 

 63.8 

 632 



0.35 in. 

 0-30 





2 



I 



1 



1 



1 



1 



1 



2 



2 



6 



2 



W 





2 

 3 



2 

 1 



1 

 2 



2 



2 



1 



til 



r. 



5 



4 



6 

 ft 

 6 

 6 



4 



4 



8 



3 

 5 

 5 

 4 



'2 



5 



2 



2 



1 



2 



2 



*; 



2 

 2 



1 



The highest temperature during the ft™ ^^^ the ^ 



Oct., 1842— therm. 81° ; and the lowest on the 5th, 1826— therm. 29 • 



mcr. 

 grown in 



Hoicks -^O.-The Hollyhock is 1MB. more tban.a 

 H °bto""w. V»d ftqoen.ly dies suddenly if so wo *££*]& 

 thP first season, or if allowed to remain long in the seea oeu 

 le?ore tVan^anting , therefore the best way to keep .them , m 

 hPftirh is not to sow them before June, and, wlien large 

 enough te transplant them singly where they are to remain 

 and flower in the following season j afterwards cut hem 

 Sown as soon as they have done flowering, and remove them 

 to I"reh situation , where the ground has been we 1 manured 

 before winter. By continuing ton treatment you may keep 

 thesamevarietyforyears.ll • «„«./.»« will 

 Tvskcts -Our correspondents inquiring about insects vnu 

 oblige'us by aSdrcssing their letters heieafter to Johr i Curtis, 

 vl Olive-cottage. Hayes, near Uxbndge, Middlesex. 



a3R^mSSS&i^M^ an arlicle u p°P J he , c " tton ° r r 



American bli.ht, at page 110 .of the .ChronicU ■ for this yeM. 



R. A Lady Subscriber. -The gardener is right ; the wasps 



are females, and will live through the winter. R.— North 

 S -The insects transmitted with the Melon- leaf are a 

 fpecies of thrips. and we are unable to suggest any remedy 

 at present beyond those already published. R. 

 Larchfs —A. B.— There are two very dwarf kinds of Larch 

 one a variety of the common Larch (Larix europea) which 

 seldom grows more than two or three feet in height ; the 

 other?* Larfx leptolepis, a Japan species, of about the same 



LiwS r -^ Subscriber. -If your Grass is quite killed, you had 

 better procure some fresh cow-dung and strong loam mixed 

 in equal proportions, and put a good covering of it ;oye the 

 old turf (without moving it), and relay it with fresh turf , it 

 should have been well watered two or three times during the 

 ve?v dry weather ; this would have prevented it from being 

 killed, and is much the cheapest way in the end.TI 

 Mavures.-J.2V-. C.-The mud from your, water-course must 

 tevery strong. We should water it with a solution of sul- 

 phate of iron to destroy the smell. It might then be applied 

 advantageously to your borders, which, if they are light and 

 sand v, would be much benefited by it In order to ascertain 

 whether it is too strong, sow a little Mnstard-seed on a small 

 quantity of it. If the plants come up quickly, ^a" are of a 

 deep green colour, it is fit for anything, and need not be feared 

 _Soii*Af«n.-Sca.kale will be benefited by being dressed 

 with salt like Asparagus. It should be applied just when the 

 plants begin to grow in spring.t - 

 Namks of Fruits.- Worcester.-6, Flat Nonpareil; 10, King 

 o the Pippins, 17, Sops of Wine; 26 Ribston Pippm, 27, 

 Minchall Crab; 30, Ribston Pippin. r*n:ll,B^|l£ 

 Ambrosia; 18, Glout Morceau ; 19, appears to be Williams s 

 Bon Chretien/ 20, Passe Colmar.H— J. P. i»/.-The disputed 

 Pear is the Brown Beurre.|| H. M. H.-Your Apples ascer- 

 tained in their present immature state are,— No. 3, Lamb 

 Abbey Pcarmain ; 5, Keswick Codlin; Q. Blenheim Pippin; 

 10, Yorkshire Greening; 13, Court of Wick. |— -W. B.H.- 

 No. 1, Blenheim Pippin; 2, Nonsuch ; 3, Norfolk Beaufin; 4, 

 Chanmontel; 5, SeckeM— PAoe&e.-Supreme Crab- — 

 J. II. L.-2, Blenheim Pippin ; 3, Kerry Pippin j 4, H°"an d - 

 bury ; 7, Keswick Codlin ; 8, Northern Greening; 9, Margil.B 

 FKoVcM*er.-6,Flat Nonpareil; 12, King of the Pippins; 



will not ripen their wood, and then the winter will kill them 



back. S. N.— Fell Yews early in the winter, if your Rows 



are tender, as many of the Bourbons and Tea-scented kiad* 

 are, you had better not plant them out before spring. All 

 the varieties of R. sempervirens are tolerably hardy; we 

 are unacquainted with the Triomphe de Boilwyller. Ver- 

 bascum pneeniceum is quite hardy. 



Steawbkrkiks.— De^a— Runnersdonogood to the parents from 

 which they spring, but the contrary, and are better stopped. 

 Never cut off leaves from Strawberry-beds after fruiting; it it 

 a very bad practice. People reason — no, not reason , but say — 

 that as they have good crops in spite of cutting off the leaves, 

 the operation must be a good one. They do not inquire how 

 much better the crop would have been if they had left the 

 leaves alone. We should think that Pears would grow very 

 well against your walls, if they are hardy sorts, such as the 

 Beurre Ranee, Passe Colmar, Easter Beurre, Marie Louise, 

 Napoleon, Glout Morceau, Diel, &c. Why not try the experi- 

 ment with one tree first? If they will grow one year they 

 will 20. The great baking Pear called Uvedale's St. Ger- 

 main, wculd be almost sure to succeed, and so would' Mon- 

 sieur le Cure. What is a horse-shoe espalier? Cold, damp 

 walls will do no harm to Apples and Pears, but they certainly 

 will injure Plums and such tender trees. 



Tobacco.— W. T. B. — It is unlawful to plant Tobacco except in 

 any physic garden of either University, or in any other 

 private garden, for physic or chirurgery only • and in those 

 places the quantity so planted must not exceed half a pole. 

 Heavy penalties are also incurred by manufacturing Tobacco 

 without attending to the Excise Regulations on the 



subject.— IK . ' _ , ...... 



Transformations.— A. W.—We are far from saying that Po- 



tentillas will not change into Strawberries. The only differ- 

 ence between them is, that one has a dry and the other a suc- 

 culent receptacle. In fact, what Linnaeus called Fragaris 

 sterilis is now called Potentilla fragaria. What you have 

 sent is P. nepalensis. We hope we are not doing wrong in 

 zivim? the public the benefit, now and then, of your clever 



fetters A. M. S.— It is not impossible that a warted 



Gourd'should produce something like a Vegetable Marrow ; 

 but it is rather improbable. We should fear there has been 

 some mistake. We could find no Rose-leaves in the letter. 

 Vinks.-S. S.-The fruit being cut, it will be proper to give all 

 nossible air, with moderate heat, but gradually diminishing 

 the latter till the leaves drop. The Vines may then be 

 oruned and turned out. Provided the wood is sufficiently 

 matured they will not suffer from cold, and may remain out 

 till February, if you only commence forcing in » arch -* 

 MispKLLANKOUS.-G.'s note is sent to Mr. Paxton.— J/icW«- 

 S -Let you; Iris chinensis remain as it is. Brachystelma 

 I an ugly plant, allied to Stapelia. Keep it dry and warm in Ihe 



winter^ Gladiolus fragrans is very sweet, and violet-coloured. 

 Ixiamacalata has dark spots at the base of the petals It Is 

 t . ^ "'? «.«* ,mnr r«n« hulba are wrong: named. An Old 



evident that your Cape bulb3 are __ . 



X&r- We never "heard of an ejection to »£»££?, 

 nickine such bulbs as he prefers. If any old gentleman 

 ?efu ef to fallow it, his customers should go to the next shop 

 l-William.-Yoat house is so very narrow, that slight 

 raftew w?U do • and we think 5 by 3 inches quite strong 

 enough By al means hinge your front light, if you w. b£ 

 RUdtoe sashes are, however, most ™» v «>™'\ .^ ''X 

 Hable to get out of order.— -Z. » •»» r *«jJ_» i ^ , UIe SSSS 



apparently difficult to flower Any nurser. > man m ^ p^^ & 



and warmth in the summer, ajiuj »»v» --■ - t inscrt 



C. C. must give his name and address. ™ . „ authen . 

 tatements of facts without ^ £ — _ J 



ticated by the writer's name and ^- -_ w H< F . C . 

 said that Indigo is a cure for wasp s stings . + tchcs 



-The cause of your Mi gnionette ^ruS kcep- 



down, probably arises from dam,, at ^ >f||4 





never 

 Rely 



Notices to Correspondents. 



To Correspond KNTS.—Lorer of Accuracy. -We have 

 received either of the inquiries to which you refer, 

 moon it no question is ever unanswered more than a week, 

 aid this only happens when inquiries do not reach us before 

 Friday, or require a great deal of consideration. 

 Apple-trre.— A Lndy.—YouT trees, 6 yrs. old when transplanted 

 two years ago into poor soil, and which are now weak and 

 moss-grown, will be improved by a good dressing of farm- 

 yard manure dug in before spring. The trees should be mo- 

 derately pruned back as soon as the leaves have fallen ; and 

 if thev are occasionally powdered over with lime, or washed 

 with lime-water, it will tend to prevent the growth of Moss 11 

 AspARAOUs.-i;. G. L.-Potter's Guano may be applied at the 

 rate of half-a-pound per square yard to Asparagus-beds It 

 should be well diluted in water, and applied in portions 

 weekly during the early part of summer, commencing imme- 

 JiSel, r the cutting is over. Salt, at the rate of 1 lb. per 

 square yard, may be applied at once in spring. Other manures 

 mav be employed along with it. H , tA . „ 



Biil-iywi Apiarian.-Yoixr bees might survive the 

 winter by feeding/but for the want of brood- bread an essen- 

 tial thing seldom thought of, they must be weak as thenpnng 

 advance!; therefore the best way is to unite them to those 

 in the common hive thus :-In the evening fumigate both 

 parties ; take the queen from the weakest hive and destroy 

 her; mix the bees, and let them ascend into the straw-hive, 

 impressing them next day to cement their friendship.— J. 



Wighton. . . 



Books.— H.— Mackintosh's "Practical Gardener," Roberts 

 «• On the Vine," Mills " On the Cucumber," Lindley s 

 "Theory of Horticulture," Knight's 4 ' Physiological Papers.* t 



Carnations.— W. O.— Your scarlet bizarre mere resembles 

 Twitchett's Don John than any variety with which we are 

 acquainted.* 



Expoktations.— /. C— If you pack your cuttings very tightly 

 in a box of sphagnum, and nail them down so that they can- 

 not be opened, they will travel pretty well. The best way, 

 however, is to plant them in Ward's cases, if you do not re- 

 gard the expense and can find a good conveyance. 



6'. L. C. F.—Vie presume the best way to take Apples and 

 Pears to India — by the overland route, of course— would be 

 in a box of dry sand. We can hardly anticipate the possibility 

 of sending them round by sea. We have indeed seen such 

 fruits arrive from China in tin cases, and still green ; but 

 they were quite spoiled, and worthless. 



FLoWBR-GAanuNS.-^. TV. G. B.-Wq fear that there is no 

 possibility of making a gnrden gay in autumn, without pot- 

 culture • for where is a substitute to be found for scarlet and 

 other Pelargoniums, Verbenas, Petunias, &c? If you rely 

 upon Annuals you will be disappointed; if upon herbaceous 



1 1 Secklc 1 

 Names of Plants. -HortesSiccM.-No. 1, Coronopus didyma; 



2, Peltaria alliacea; 3, Helosciadum inundatum; 4, Spergula 



nodosa; 5, Bartsia Odontites ; 6, Ranunculus aquatiles; 7, 



Ranunculus hederaceus. § H. C— Tussilago nutans, now 



called Leria nutans, is neither a Portuguese plant nor a 



succulent, but a native of Mexico. It has no English name. 



It is a purple-flowered plant of no beauty— not worth growing 



for ornament. Z. Long.— Elaeagnus hortensis.— L.— 



Your Fern seems to be a seedling of Asplenium rhizophorum. 



A m c.—A Cuscuta, probably brought in with the soil. 



A Regular Subscriber.— The productions which you have for- 

 warded on the roots of a species of Zichya are not, as you 

 suppose, Fungi, but of the same nature as the bodies which 

 are so common on the roots of leguminous plants. The na- 

 ture of these bodies is not at present well understood, but 

 M. Desmazieres has prepared a Memoir on the subject, illus- 

 trated by beautiful drawings, the publication of which has un- 

 fortunately been delayed from an attack of the eyes, which 

 has prevented the completion of his observations. These 

 bodies are produced very shortly after the germination of the 

 seeds; and if the gradual development be traced, as it has 

 been by ourselves, it will be found that they arise from the 

 cellular tissue, though generally having one or more branches 

 from the vascular bundles at their base. The contents of the 

 cells at a certain stage of growth become blue from iodine. 

 At a later stage, the cells are rilled with short straight, or 

 forked bodies, first observed by M. Desmazieres. Iu your 

 Zichya, the excrescences are very large ; but, as far as can 

 be judged from dry specimens, they are of the same nature. 

 It is not known what the function of these bodies is, but it is 

 probable that, in very dry weather, they may be reservoirs 

 of nutriment. The contents of the bodies soon become pulpy, 

 and the bodies themselves eventually burst. Your plant has 

 perished probably from some other cause ; and, if we may 

 judge from the disgusting smell of the specimen, the cause of 

 death has been the application of too strong manure. M. J. B. 



Pkachks.— B. 0. £).— In this dry season, Peaches have been 

 apt to drop prematurely, especially late sorts. The late Ad- 

 mirable has not attained the perfection it usually does in 

 moist summers. That which you have for the Noblesse is 

 perhaps the late Admirable. | 



Pelargonium.- Acland.— A list of the best Pelargoniums fcr 

 forcing appeared in last year's vol., p. 25.* 



Pine-apples.— A Subscriber.— All we know of Mr. Mills's pits 

 has been stated. One plant grew under the middle of each 

 li"ht. Upon looking again at the account of his operations, 

 given at p. 619, we find that the pits are said to be three feet 

 wide ; this is, of course, a misprint, and should be five feet. 

 A common 3 light box measures about 11 feet by 5. 



Planting.— J. M. T.— Transplant your evergreens in the very- 

 beginning of November; they like moderately light loamy 

 soil, and require no manure. If you grow them too fast they 



and dying down, prooaoiy **»« * *« ■—> rer nedy 

 ing the plants thin and open will possibly rem ^ q{ yQur 

 —H. H.-The dry season is no aouW « « You 



Raspberries not having made young ; wooti 1 1 J w c 



had better cut out the old wood j^ <£ bUt conservatory 

 -Ipomcea ficifolia is not or ie of the oes ^^ 



climbers, but it is a very ^"^^Xedinahouse where the 

 that Stephanotus noribundus will succeed ma ^ commeDCC 



temperature is only 50 *™« * • f Member, but you must 

 to force your Vines abou the end of NovemD^ m ^ w 



take care that the outside border ^is kei Carro ts and 

 Ocfa^m.-A cellar is a good place to in troducs 



Beet-root, if it is dry. .It is J* Si* If / ott watch , our 

 plants into heat for winter floweiing^ « > m infor . 

 Weekly Calendar of Operations ) ou iwu 



mation on all such points^ -rr„„c 



SEEDLING W£W»Si are equal to similar 

 dahlias.-*!. /.-Neither of ^-^^a!lTn^uudecide^ 

 sorts in cultivation. No. 1 is JYrreeularly. and the flower 

 colour; in No. 2 the centre op^ns .rregol^ ^hut the^ent^ 



"rather flat, and 

 loose petals in the box, wc -»-••-- . ted and rfojg 

 the centre shows too many flat. £ 01 |dedly worth cum 



petals.* D. I,.-Your sidling colour . thc petals in 



vating : the tip is fine, and distinct 



the cfntre are rather too upright.* Ugnt tu be and 



Fochsias.-J. L. V.-*°"\V^Z pale rosy-purp le coroUj, 



•ed with green, having ^P* o( the light cm 



foliage, is the largest flow^ ^^ t00 faint.* 



colour; in No. 2 the centre P« n9 b Y ng Vas left bu 

 wants depth.*— Sunbeam^-**** J from the 

 of your flower when it reacneu * bg T ^ 

 loose netals in the box, we imagine and 



sepals tinged 

 with deep- green 



we 



the 





equal to any of its = la f*- dsome growth, ana the no 

 nlmed Alicia ia a plant ^g^^c. „«. '^oar. 



Pktunias.— i- *»• /* n i a nts have been grown » ft ^ 

 flower, whether the P lan J^^^on, c r grown m^ e £ e 

 jected to ^eeiihouse cul ti of S p cimen ^ 



border, from the fn e ^ a r . e ™ beea their mode of * r ° w ae iicacr 

 former appears to have ne their extreme a d 



differ from all other > we ^nave illins mand^ ^ 



of texture, ^1*5 named Elegans f combi«.es fine ^ 



p Te«; «ow^f if oo ? £r n, a -£,££ b, 



sasrssu qS r F Tr s»^ »«ts»i5: 



No.* 11 



doubt 



received. § 







