

are 



all 



affected by the atmosphere ; they will become ground^dlo* 



Z^__GARDEN E R S' CHRONICLE 



damp at certain times, and dampness is the great 

 destroyer of ice. The materials are wood and straw. 

 Wood will not do ; for though not liable to become 

 damp, it imbibes heat fast enough ; and, besides, it can- 

 not be so put together as to shut out air sufficiently. 

 Straw is wholly free from the quality of becoming damp, 

 except from water actually put upon it ; and it can, at 

 the same time, be placed on a roof, and on sides, to such 

 a degree of thickness as to exclude the air in a manner 

 the most perfect. The ice-house ought, therefore, to be 

 made of posts, plates, rafters, laths, and straw. The 

 best form is the circular ; and the house, when made, 

 appears as I have endeavoured to describe it in Fig 3 of 

 the plate. Fit/ I, a, is the centre of a circle, the dia- 

 meter of which is ten feet, and at this centre you put up 

 a post to stand fifteen feet above the level of the ground 

 which post ought to be about nine inches through at the 



d bottom, and not 



t -r— 7« . m Fl S- 1 



™*£t* th , fhl "*™ *«■* 1 H2 ~^~~^ 



$• 



•a 



« 



c • 



• c 



a great deal 

 smaller at the 

 top. Great care 

 must be taken 

 that this post be 

 perfectly per- 

 pendicular j for, 

 if it be not, the 

 whole building 

 will be awry. 

 b b b are fifteen 

 posts, nine feet 

 high, and six 

 inches through 

 at the bottom, 

 without much ta- 

 pering towards 

 the top. These 

 posts standabout 

 two feet apart, 

 reckoning from 

 centre of post to 

 centre of post, 

 which leaves be- 

 tween each two 

 a space of 18 

 inches, c c c c 

 are fifty -four 

 posts, five feet 

 high, and five 

 inches through 



InTFeiiL I™ f . W ' d ! " ? n0 "? h '» this passa. 



»e, 



I 



at the bottom, without much tapering towards the top. 



™4 ,7,". f t d about L tw ° feet a P art > from «««, ol 



™i„i ? f ° f ?° S ' Which leaves between each two a 

 ro P ws of Z ■ B ;" ch ? • - The S P ace betBeen these two 

 ZLJ I* f ° Ur ^ eet in width > and - as will be pre- 



h &/ ' 8 n COa S &i V Wal1 of straw - • is a P«"«K« 

 flS'S waI1 ' d ls the outside door of the passagl ; 



i " cent T 1 ,t°° r , ; an 4 tIle »*« circle, of which a is 



ited W.i h , e plaCe m which f'e ice is to be depo- 



£, f L th f e "' we have now got the posts up; aud, 



tt eta^ rfll h k 6 r °° f ° f the h0Use ' or of the bed tor 

 wSlUr t 6 be8 J t t0 Speak about th e making of the 

 tow . ,1 ° ^u 1 ?^ 6 of 8traw > Wheat-straw, or R,e- 

 th'jt >° rubbis . b in lt >™* »ade very smooth ly 

 wr miX.i ,S PU u iD - You la y !t in ™ry closely and 



TZSrffi't^J! * e Wal1 were cut a «™^. «* at 

 KZ n 2 "h.ch ^. 2 represents the whole build- 



^rthe e„d r? the middle ' omitti »g the centre 



f«e a, Thev do „°f ^ """. W0U ' d P resent a com P act 

 requires soLrt- , r *, CUt ° f a ehaff-cutter. But there 



between th? T g ° T keep the straw from bulging out 

 "'"an^th^n-uro^" 16 ^^ aS W « -ro'r 'wrist 



IBld fciten"aTtnn 1,tt f ^u*' , D " ve them into the & round ' 

 s Pwk. tLp J f ' ° th ^ plates ' of which I am now to 



bo * the circle «n^ e Pl6Ce f °/ W °° d W ' lich & a11 round 

 P° 8t «. ffii'i ^ Dailed 0n u P° n the topi of the 

 trends of th.^ USlneSS ,S tore <*iveand sustain the 

 Blit to the ohrP* "f 1' * 8&tmm and n n, in .Tiy. 2. 

 Veiled at ton S° the ■ takei J u " t »«tioned must be 

 f °w feet wide \ u 8 ' theD ' there wiU be this «P*ce of 

 ^ "akes not mr ng .u a **? 8ide of H a row of Posts 

 oth er, to hold ' "i^ ab ° Ut SiX incheS fr0m each 

 ? raw - Next co^. ?k t0 k / Cp m it8 place ' this wal l of 

 inters bes^kTo^ V'/^Y &S fr0m S to n ' '*■ 2 ' 



^ °f the rafters "I */?* " the nUmber and what the 

 afa out half a « m» ' , r0m * t0 OT there need he only 



**?" aU about thk a u 0D l "? t0 n - However » carpenters 

 18 for ty-fiv e de" 1 "' ^ 18 their every-day work. The roof 



? ere e veu sharn?r •? \ , 3S the car P ent ers call it. If it 



be ab OUt thirty enH ^° U l d be QOne t,,e WOrse ' There will 



m >* *** these cannS °u I?" to lod « e on the P lat * asat 

 P0St ri «ing un fr aU be fastened t0 the t0 P of thecentre 

 SJ^ this mat ter m ° ; but car P eQ ters know how to 

 lQe Plate which J S °, as t0 make aU strong and safe. 



T l >> b * ft, mSaf °S ° ng ° n the t0ps of the ro - of 

 f 8lo P 1D S forla n k ^° UrSe ' be put on iQ a somewhat 



Z Tmtd by theraf P r rW1S L there would be a sort °* hi P 

 l^ft th ^t thi ^ r *' f however, the thatch is to be so 



rJ thatch «nff bTu D0 . be ° f much consequence. Before 

 ^ ters - That c & there are lat hs to put up on the 



r e to d <> is to 2! l about this ' and a11 * hat y° u 



?A Wel, « The t«r ^ that the thatcher tie the stJaw 

 1°, have a stront Way ' ln a Case of such dee P thatcb, 

 T"*°"i : terL U , t0 tiG f0r the thatcb " r - The 

 ft n ' 10 ^d and ' 8 n d tt is to rec ™* a thatch of 

 l? r fe ^t thiJk as J; ; Prepared Wheat or Rye-straw, 



?°* got wall. . A h in Fi >- 2. ti<- »•— - t -=-- 



area of the circle 

 ou begin by laying on the 



m"; ^e'z- *S r t °h t th y? u a r/; '-rt; i h ; fl yo - 



dr h op r e„ ShU Vhi e s ff *~'*"*& ^t£ tS 

 aoor open This inner door may he of hurdle-work and 



JiTtY aDd T ered ' ° a ° ne of the sides, with sheep ZZ\ 

 with the wool on, so as to keep out the external ai? TKp 

 outer door which must lock, must be Z made to 



the otheT At I; "''V bCSide i' C ° Vered with -E" «£ 



vet the whot nf'H 8 ° f gFeat dEnger fr0m heat « or fr o m 

 The door ( n F?t tbe P ? ssa S e ma y be filled with straw, 

 inedoor (/>, F v . 3) should face the north, or between 

 north and east. As to the size of the ice-hous' tha 

 must, of course, depend upon the quantity of icV tha 

 you may choose to have. A house on the above scale 



^Vn' I {F f 2) ^raioe feet; from /to i 

 (^.2) nineteen feet. The area of the circle of which 

 a is the centre, is ten feet in diameter, ana as'th h I ea 

 contains seventy-five superficial feet, y^u wilfi you lit 

 ice on the bed to the height of on^ Le ft ^ (and Z 



thffi In" '"in 6 hCig , ht of ^~ ^t from L top" o 



cublrrtiV 1 f " WlU f 6 u three hundred atld seventy-five 

 cubic feet of ice, and, observe, a cubic foot of ice will 



when broken up, fill much more than a Winchester 



bushel : even Dives himself would hardly call for m™ 



bushela ^ ° f , Si 6 iQ a d ^ 5 f0r raore than tw 

 we 1 a in tl W Tu d b6 ' " DleSS [t were used in ^old as 



ho "J i col 7 tK er * AS t0 the eXpense of such a 



th?™.*. ' . m , the C0Untrjr » not be much - None of 



the posts, except the main or centre-post, need be verv 



s tra.ght. The other posts might be easily culled from 



a s"tr°ah h? eSt T h ed *\ ^ 0od ' The StraW WOuId mak e 

 all straight. The plates must of necessity be short 



pieces of wood ; and, as to the stakes, the laths, and the 



£?'£?' F ? n-' tW5g ^ , and Heath » the y would wt all 

 cost twenty shillings. The straw is the principal article ; 



and, in most places, even that would not cost more than 

 two or three pounds. If it Last many years, the price 

 could not be an object ; and if but a little while, it would 

 still be nearly as g00 d for litter as it was before it was 

 applied to this purpose. How often the bottom of the 

 straw walls might want renewing I cannot say, but J 

 know that the roof would, with few and small repairs, 

 last well for ten years. I have said that the interior row 

 of posts is to be nine feet high, and the exterior row five 

 feet high. I, in each case, mean, with the plate inclu- 

 sive. I have only to add, that by way of superabundant 

 precaution against bottom wet, it will be well to imke a 

 sort of gutter, to receive the drip from the roof, and to 

 carry it away as soon as it falls. Now, after expressing 

 a hope that I shall have made myself clearly understood 

 by every reader, it is necessary that I remind him, that 

 I do not pretend to pledge myself for the complete suc- 

 cess, nor for any success at all, of this mode of making 

 ice-houses. But, at the same time, I express my firm 

 belief, that complete success would attend it ; because 

 it not only corresponds with what I have seen of such 

 matters, but I had the details from a gentleman who had 

 ample experience to guide him, and who was a man on 

 whose word and judgment I placed a perfect reliance. 

 He advised me to erect an ice-house ; but not caring 

 enough about fresh meat and fish in summer, or, at least, 

 not setting them enough above "prime pork" to induce 

 me to take any trouble to secure the former, I never 

 built an ice-house. Thus, then, I only communicate 

 that in which I believe ; there is, however, in all cases, 

 this comfort, that if the thing fail as an ice-house, it will 

 serve all generations to come as a model for a pi'-bed — 

 Cobbelt's Cottage Economy— [16M Ed.] ° 



they are in borders or po's, providing these aTe wS? A 

 Speaking- of conservator*- climbers Imn tmLnn £ 



the Ipomoea bona-nox, which pro ve?a ««t ko^S? I^T 

 autumn. This plant-the " midm>ht?i!y » o living k ^^ 

 only at night, hence, like the Cereus irandfflorol e?e^f°~ 

 ■s attached to it by the curious. The^company h'efe fi tre 

 into the conservatory to see the lily-white E 



sha^LT pa V hered . and ""rtinto be admiJcdTSSt 

 bhaU say how it may be treated in other places. 



1 its, Greenhouse, Sfc.-U there isanythingin gardemn 

 reqmres reformation more than another it is thed 

 of plants in their winter quarters. The only rule a tteiS- 



S52& "ft!™ CaSCS ° Ut of te "' is to P'ace the Lte'l^S 

 the back of the greenhouse stage or pit the n th- next in *?J » 



s) on tin the lowest flUnpthelrontSw. Intnfc ^wEST 



moat d.ssimilar in their nature, and requ ,,g w £,v 

 treatment, as Heaths. Pelargoniums, Canlll asC^S L,^ 



clfve how a ,n ", ate i } K m , iXed t0 ^ ,lK ' • so tl,at o« can liSty 

 can he fcSf # Cr i hC * best ma » a 5cment f one-half of the p 

 can be kept from destruction through the winter KuraL. 

 could never "make both ends meet" / t ev ffi arStt«r 

 stock in is - ; with them you he .asb^S 



distinct famines of p / I 1^ prlraS e^l^mJS 



eompartme. are allotted to th? lip *?ro^5-Tai5 



e miscellaneous stock is divided am.ng tl i« Jl uSi 



^•d Ticfth , i fto e ir l i: io ^ rt - Now - th? «* «sss 



ine ocsr advice that can be given to the amateur at 

 means, „ to place every plant he possease Wf th^samer 

 gcther keeping the tallest in each group at the back! L at 

 ,ent, then tc .follow wit 1, the next family Whoso treatnlt 

 nearest to the first, and so on to the en? of the \.£ 





CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS 



For the ensuing Week. 



I.— HOTHOUSE, CONSEUVATORIES, &c. 

 Now that fires will be kept up regularly for this house, it may 

 be as well to remark that a higher night temperature than was 

 recommended in the spring is now necessary, in order to ripen 

 off late growths as soon as possible ; 65° should therefore bo the 

 minimum for fire heat during this month, even although the 

 weather should be dull at times. In spring the temperature in 

 plant houses is regulated in a great measure by the quantity of 

 sunlight we receive— the more sun the harder you may force, 

 and the contrary— but now there is no occasion to be so parti- 

 cular. However, if the ripening process can be finished tho- 

 roughly before the end of October, without much strain on the 

 fires, so much the better. When plants are well ripened in time, 

 much less fire will be needed to keep them in proper condition 

 through the winter, and experience has clearly proved that the 

 more thoroughly pi ints are kept at rest in winter, the better they 

 flower in the following season. This applies to plants in general 



ofe^eivetLirS^rf^^ 1S *°»*ethe 

 1 *bich a is th» « !' lll!S bed ls the 



» the centre. y oa w in , 



Conservatory.— T ie standard temperature for our conservatory 



i c ? it never exceeds that by fire-heat, aud I 



• -A I • Lai 



here in winter is «fi 



six weeks after Christmas it is kept at about 40°, and l.ttl r no 

 air is admitted artificially for four months. With this treatment 

 most of the half-stove climbers flourish and bloom as well as 



uld be wiahed-Stephanotoa floribundua, Ech ssuberecta. . uie ( „ ults Ulnve bctter when Uie tan 1S 100 se on toe ««■ 

 ipoincca Horsfalix, Combietum purpurcum, and many others, t^ whea cluidy i , alted down . ^^ the risk o( injury a»jhs 



II.-FLOWER GARDEN AXD SHRUBBERIES 



o„ „.f„ • . 0u J- do <>r Department. 



So extensive and varied is the collec;ion of Verbenas v 

 now adorn with their brilliant colours our lj„,^ 

 gardens, that it is a difficult task even to seTect Uwae 

 worthy of cultivation. In colour wehivc UtUe to wi* 

 except yello and bright blue, and these we are in « fcfc 

 to produce, as I have a sulphur c loured variety " m^ 

 .on, and one approaching sulphur has been r 5™i C 

 Cirl.ng, of Stowmarket. eith%r of which, if crns^f-2 . 

 orange-scarlet varieties next season, will probabiTVSSe! a 



How, and blues must emanate from such varietie^« 

 thystina, Emm,, and others of that character. There Si 

 ever, plenty of room for improvement in the for.^of 

 -lowers and these, before they are perfect, must be roLJl*. 

 and perfectly smooth on the edge, with the petals oveSi 

 so as to show no indenture, the florets blooming well «jmS 

 centre of the truss, and the latter forming, when wt 



cniti ,n Cm n Ph K re ; t ° f , the SCarlet ^etiesNtroaangaiS* 

 continues the best for form and size; Boule de Feu is 



in colour, as likewise are Ignea and Melindres superba- 

 mosa elegans and Kyle's speciosa are two nraage^e 

 varieties and very brilliant, but the latter is very liaWcto 

 dew early m the season, and consequently ioou beci 

 shabby. Speciosa is synonymous with Incisa coccioea 

 Zeuxis. Among whites the Queen must be discards , 

 Princess Royal and Monarch; and in blue Amethystiaa. V 

 bendu, and Hydeana, are the beat; Minstrel Boy is a 

 luac, but is surpassed by seedlings of this year S 



still the best of the purple class, and Rubra pnr .inn- 

 purple; Charlwoodii and longiflora are also good Euafe 

 very fine variety, of dull purple colour, changing to fcksea 

 flowers fade ; and Iveryana is a rosy purple still worthrof 

 tivation. Renown has dark -red flowers tinged with i 

 and Smith's excelsa makes a good corresponding bed- B 

 and Ruby are two varieties inclining to pale red, or ruby «* 

 Among those of a blush-colour, more or k tinge* wuh 

 may be mentioned Bridesmaid, Taglioni, Teucrfoides c 

 Fortuneteller, and Wood's Princess Royal. Ingramii Et 

 and vanegata are orange-red varieties; Bishopii is rosy 

 and Beauty Supreme is a very splendid kind of rosy , 

 colour. The best rose-coloured variety is Teucrioide* ««, 

 Among Mr. Girling's varieties the two greatest noveitie* 

 Mulberry and Alba lutescens, the former mulberry-coioarea" 

 the latter nch cream-colour. Rose d'Amour is a very si&adaa 

 rose-coloured variety, and Gladiator puts speciosa and the 

 orange-scarlet varieties out of cultivation. Alba ni 

 very large white, an.i blanda is a rosy blush-colour • 1 

 is a bright lilac, Lovely Rambler has slightly paler fio wc 

 the Giant ha ry large trusses of bluish-lilac flowers • «, 

 cens is a reddish purple. The great advantage of these «a-, 

 is their large size, vigorous habit, and improved form.— W P 



III.— FLORISTS' FLOWERS. " - 



Tulips.— It has often been mentioned to us as a _ 

 regret, that in the numerous lists given in various uubu« 

 of the best six or twelve Tulips, that no specific mention is 

 whether they are feathered or flamed. In answer to this 

 may urge the uncertainty of the flower, as many varietieai 

 feather beautifully one season will come finely Aimed t*e 

 But to afford some guide to young growers or amacenrs 

 mencintr the cnltivati in of these favourite flowers, and as it ie 

 time all bulbs were now obtained for planting, we subjoin 

 of cheap varieties, and sorts which are tolerably steady to 

 respective characters :— Feathered Bizarres—Roy&l Soy< 

 Surpass Optimus, M gnum Buuum, and Surpass Ca<atf 

 Flamed Bizarres—P phemus, Captain White, and 

 Posthumous; Feathered Byblomens — Bienfaite, L-- 

 Friend, and Black Bagot; Flamed B(/bloj/iens—Da.vi4. ^» 

 Charlotte, and Roi de Siara; Feathered Hoses— Trio make Roy 

 Lady Crewe, and Count de Virginnes; Flamed Re$<«—Bi 

 eclaante, Cam use de Craix, Cerise belle forme, and Pa 

 tres blanc. We next week shall g've the names «f 

 scarcer sorts of fine properties. Carnations.— Keep the > 

 layers in a close frame till they strike agan, taking great 

 that the leaves are not wet, as this would inf*lhby 

 their health by inducing them to become spotted. «r 

 Continue to plant out tor blooming, and refer to the few 

 Numbers of the Chronicle for the rou'ine ot rlorice it«r«< 

 which needs doing. Dahlias.— Draw up the soil round the 

 in a small hillock, to prevent the crowns of the root* 

 injured by frosts, which we may soon expect J F W 



IV.-P1NERIES, VINERIES, &c.' " * 



Pineries.— Those who have not the advantage <rf 

 supplying bottom-heat to their Pines, generally defer 

 winter arrangement as long as the heat in the bed c««t— 

 suffiient. Whenever it declines to about 80° it is ti*e*a 

 about renewing it, by taking away part of the most 4ec 

 turning the remainder, and adding fresh, to make a? for 

 has been taken away. Everything should be in readnx 

 the job is commenced, in order that the plants raav re 

 as short a time as possible. Keep those In fruit by t 

 and if wanted to ripen soon, place them at the wan., 

 the pit. In replunging, be careful not to put the pate . 

 ox to make the tan too firm about the.n at f rst, for 

 injury to the roots, from over-heating: it is better to 

 little after-trouble than to run any risk. I am of Oixm 

 the plants thrive better when the tan is loose ou the 



A. \_ -* - _ ■ 1 * m a* a a 1 *ti* - * 



