ov. 



9, J 



THE NEWSPAPER. 



tually to maintain the strength and unity of the British 

 empire. We invite those who call themselve3 Feileralis 

 to point out to us the means by which this twofold object 

 can be attained. We profess ourselves disposed to make 

 some concession of opinion, and to try a Federal constitu- 

 tion by way of experiment, if they can show us that the 

 benefits of domestic legislation will be thereby more 

 speedily realised ; but we will give no consent to any 

 project which does not reserve to Ireland full power 

 of protecting its own domestic interests." Mr. O'Con- 

 nell's letter to the Kerry paper, noticed above, was also 

 read, together with one to the Secretary of the Associa- 

 tion, urging all Repealers to avoid any union with the 

 Rechabites, and stating his " decided opinion that every 

 individual member of the Rechabite Society is guilty of 

 a transportable offence — that is to say, of an offence for 

 which he is liable to be transported for the term of seven 

 years." Dr. Nagle then read from a newspaper a letter 

 addressed by the Hon. Mr. Hutchinson to the Protest, 

 ants of Ulster, inviting them to join the Repeal. Mr. M. 

 O'Connell moved that Mr. Hutchinson's letter be printed 

 and circulated in the north of Ireland. The next letter 

 read was from Dr. Burke, of Clonmel, inclosing 20/. 

 from Repealers in that locality, including several Protest- 

 ants. Mr. M. O'Connell acknowledged the receipt of 

 5/. 125. from Boston, America, and read a letter from 

 his father, advising the Association to put forth a.l its 

 energies to crush the Riband system, which he denounced 

 in the strongest and most forcible language. Mr. M. 

 O'Connell proceeded to reiterate the sentiments of the 

 letter, and to enlarge at great length upon the evils and 

 atrocity of the Riband system, which he said, like all 

 their plagues came to them from England. He warned 

 the scoundrels who were the agents of the body, that the 

 Association was on their track, and would dn>g them to 

 light and justice. He regretted to say that the system 

 was on the increase, and he had received a letter from a 

 clergyman in Leitrira, who stated that there were num- 

 bers of associates in that county. In conclusion he 

 moved that it be referred to a committee to report upon 

 the Riband system. Mr. Balfe seconded the motion, and 

 boie his testimony to the prevalence and dangers of 

 Ribamlism. Mr. M. .O'Connell next addressed the 

 meeting on the state of the registry. Several sums of 

 money were handed in and letters read, and the rent for 

 the week was announced to be 289/. los. 2d. 



Tipperary — On the evening of the 29th ult, a man 

 named Ransford, when returning to h : s residence at 

 BalJanahmeh, in this county, was waylaid and nearly 

 mimhred by an armed party. He was fired at, and re- 

 ceded a gun-shot wound in the thigh, and was also 

 stabbed and left for dead. Four persons have been 

 arrested at O'Brien's bridge, Clare, charged with this 

 otleuce, and one of, them has been identified by the 

 wounded man. The cause of this attack is not known. 



C<c/r. ^Another dreadful murder has been committed 

 tins week, the victim being Arthur Gloster, Esq,, of 

 MOfJisn, a landlord who had taken legal steps for the 

 tviction of some of his tenants. The scene of this mur- 

 der is the county of Clare, which for several years has 

 been remarkably free from agrarian crime. Mr. Gloster, 

 a few years ago, purchased under the courts an estate at 

 ioonah, between Kilkeshan and Spancahill, in this 

 county, for which he paid from 10,000/. to 12,000/. 

 Hie tenants on the lands have been for several years in 

 possesion ; and report states, that deceased had notices 

 served on some of them with large families, and had pro- 

 ceeded there preparatory to eviction. But on his return 

 oome on Monday evening s between four and five o'clock. 

 «a short ditance from Kilkeshan, he was shot dead in 



rus &g. Mr. Gloster was unmarried, and was considered 

 wealthy. 



[1844. 



connection with a house in London, in which, however, 

 he did not succeed : and it is supposed that disappoint- 

 ment on this score, and probably the exhaustion of his 

 resources, led to the commission of the fatal act. 



Misttn 





SCOTLAND. 



Glasgow.— During the storm on Friday afternoon the 

 jail chimney, 240 feet in height, at the works of St. 

 Ko' ox, immediately adjoining the Glasgow and Garnkirk 

 Railway depot, gave way at the foundation, and in an 

 wstant, not one brick was left upon another. This stalk 

 jas only inched a few weeks ago, and about the same 

 ™ne u was d scovered that its base was not secure. 



Jeans were accordingly taken to insure its stability, by 

 Pippin- and otherwise, and little fear was entertained 

 di : hht lt w o«ld stand. Its descent was almost pcrpen- 



cuiar, an a it therefore occasioned little additional 

 |tj* ag ?» for though a portion of the bricks fell within 



fca/n dep0t ' andu P° n the rails, no farther accident 



thp* result. — On the same day a fire broke out in 

 W . ill8ge of Strathaven, by which upwards of JO 

 n Y^Tn 1 * a brewery and tan-woikwere destroyed, and 

 <*ny 100 families reduced to destitution. The wind 



down° gh that the flames were only checked by pulling 



loss nf S ° me h ° U6es in the line of their Progress. The 

 few / ! )ro Perty by the fire has been very considerable, 



se j he houses were insured, and the sufferers them- 



na* If* 1 ", 6 most, y of the poorest and most industrious 

 P ar * of the community. 



'ec e ivtT rnOCAr, " : ~ Some information has at len S th be en 

 suicid^ re S ardin g tll e two individuals whose singular 



cerJlAT 1,arrated *" our last. It is now as- 

 toerl* £ L, the P arties *ere Mr- Joseph Barker, for- 

 one If ;, Manchester, and his wife. Mr. Barker was 





s "Uo ue°!f - l i ly 1 afterwd *> b »t Mr. Joseph Barker 

 tr avel i, 7 'esided in London, and more recently 



'*& ueThV!"}? f °/ a h ° USe at Birmingham. Th 

 J*eLt he left a few months ago, with a view to a 



Dr. JFo/^'.— Captain Grover has just received the 

 following letter from the Rev. Dr. Wolff: "Meshed, 

 Month of Shaban, 23. My dear Grover.-Xot venturing 

 when at Bokhara to keep a journal, I have forgotten the 

 date of the Christ i in month ! After the infamous Nayib 

 Abdool Summut Khan had forced from me the promise 

 to pay him 6000 tolas, I should, after all, have been put 

 to death, if Abbas Kuli Khan, the Persian Ambassador, 

 had not saved me. I am now in Persia, broken down in 

 constitution, robbed of everything I had, and with a debt 

 of 600(Holas (2500/.), which I am to pay to the brother 

 of the Nayib Abdool Summut Khan, who is to accompany 

 me to Teheran. You thought that 4000/. might be col- 

 lected for my mission: if you can now assist me in pay- 

 ing the debt above-mentioned to the infamous Nayib, 

 who forced the promise from me in his garden, surrouadv 

 by his guards, well— if not, I shall be obliged to go to 

 prison in Persia. The King has also sent with me 

 an ambassador who is to go to England, and the Nayib 

 his forced me to promise to pay the expenses of that 

 ambassador out of the money he advanced me. That 

 same ambassador hss excited the Turcomans of Mawr 

 and Sarakhs against us— r. e., against Abbas Kuli Khan 

 and myself, on our way to Meshed, and forced Abbas 

 Kuli Khan to pay him and the other ambassadors ap- 

 pointed for Persia 150 tillas, in the midst of the desert ! 

 Yours affectionately, Joseph Wolff." "Meshed. — 

 The above, though dated at Meshed, was written at Mos- 

 troon. I am now at Meshed, and two hours after me 

 your gholam (special courier), Ali Ahmed Beyk, arrived. 

 He found me broken down in Mullah Medhee's house. I 

 will only add, that the Nayib wants only the interest of 

 the above money to be paid to his son when of age. 

 The ambassador from Bokhara is also here; he has letters 

 and presents for the Schab, the Sultan, and Queen Vic- 

 toria. The Nayib has settled with the King that I should 

 bear the ambassador's expenses from the money the 

 Nayib expects to be paid back. 1 am not yet out of 

 inger, but am too confused to explain all now. Mullah 

 Mehder will do it for me. Lieutenant Wyburd has been 

 murdered at Bokhara.— J< pa Wolff." (Note by 

 iptain Grover.) — Lieutenant Wyburd, of the Indian 

 army, is another diplomatic victim. This talented officer 

 was sent on a secret diplomatic mission to Khiva, in the 

 year 1835, and has never since been heard of. This un- 

 fortunate man, it is right to state, was not altogether 

 abandoned to his fate by the British Government, for, in 

 a letter written to me by Lord Aberdeen's direction, I 

 nd it stated, that on Colonel Stoddart's being sent on 

 his mission to Bokhara in the year 1838, he was instructed 

 to inquire after Lieutenant Wyburd. I have not, how- 

 ever, been able to learn that any effort has been made in 

 his behalf since that time. I directed Dr. Wolff to ob- 

 tain all the information he could concerning this wretched 

 man, and to purchase his freedom should he be in slavery. 

 The Doctor says he has been murdered at Bokhara ; but 

 it remains to be seen on what evidence that assertion is 

 made. I am advised to state an interesting circumstance 

 that occurred to me at St. Petersburg!], as it will show 

 that the good Doctor's mission has not been entirely use- 

 less. Dr. Wolff was authorised to draw upon my private 

 fortune for the rensom of any Christian prisoners he 

 might find at Bokhara. In the first batch he purchased 

 were 10 Russians, and this circumstance was fortunately 

 officially known in Russia before my arrival. A message 

 was brought to me from the Emperor by the British 

 Minister, expressing His Majesty's thanks and wish to 

 re-imburse me. My reply was, " that I considered it 

 a great honour to have been in any way instrumental in 

 the release of his subjects, and that repayment was quite 

 out of the question. " I am glad to have this opportunity 

 publicly to thank His Majesty for his gracious declaration 

 communicated to me by the British Minister,— that his 

 Majesty will do everything in his power for the relief of 

 Dr. Wolff. — John- Grover, Captain Unattached. Army 

 and Navy Club, Nov. 6. 



Iron Church. — A church has been sent out to Jamaica 

 as a specimen, as many of the kind are likely to be re- 

 quired. The pilaster supports are of cast-iron, on which 

 are fixed the frame roof, of wrought iron, of an ingenious 

 construct ; on, combining great strength with simplicity of 

 arrangement ; the whole is covered with corrugated iron, 

 and the ceiling formed of panelled compartments, co- 

 vered with felt, to act as a non-conductor of heat. The 

 body of the church is 66 feet by 40 ; the chancel, 24 by 

 12 ; a robing-room and vestry are attached. The win- 

 dows are glazed with plate-glass, one-eighth of an inch 

 in thickness ; the two chancel windows and four others 

 are of stained glass. The cost of this iron church is 

 1 000Z. — ( .' lasgow Ch ron iele. 



The Guano Trade.— We find the following article on 

 this subject in the Liverpool Albion of Monday : — We 

 understand soma information may shortly be expected on 

 the guano subject. A vessel, on her return voyage from 

 Bombay, lias been ordered to scour the western coast of 

 Africa from the Red Sea to the Cape, passing Latham's 

 Island (of which we, fome weeks ago, took notice) and 

 proceeding through the Mozambique Channel, in search 

 of the deposits of the boobies, the seals, and the jackass- 

 penguins — precious savings-bank deposits which are to be 

 drawn on at sight. We heartily wish the vessel a valuable 

 discovery. Another such an island as Ichaboe would be 

 worth half a million of sterling gold coin. Latham's [ 



Jsiana appears to be still a tantalising subject with some 

 parties, who deny that the island has been purchased, 

 and at the same time assert the inferiority of the guano 

 on it, both in quality and quantity. With respect to 

 the chance of discovering other guano islands along the 

 ime coast, it .is scarcely problematical. The "Bird 

 Islands " off Algoa-bay, lat. 34, are almost certain to 

 contain more or less of this valuable deposit, as they 

 have been the retreats for myriads of large birds and 

 seals, which, according to Morsburg's East India Direc- 

 tory, "literally covered them." The only quett-ons on 

 the subject, for which we must wait, are, whether all the 

 guano has been washed off into the sea, and whether, if 

 there be any, it is of good or inferior quality. Now, one 

 of these islands is half a mile in length, and it must be 

 confessed it is difficult to conceive that all the deceased 

 ancestry of the present ganners, penguins, and seals, 

 together with all their labours, performed during a period 

 which a local orator was wont to call « an interminable 

 roll of ages," can be submerged in the pretty deep 

 soundings by which this group is surrounded. Our 

 townsman, Mr. Payne, whose pamphlet on rcs'iog 

 guano we have already noticed, observes,— " It has 

 been asserted, that in those places only where Ft tie 

 or no rain falls can good guano be fo nd; that rain 

 would dissolve its manuring \ ues, and cause them to 

 ferment and evaporate. But until facts shall have borne 

 out this assertion, it may well be disputed. We know, 

 lit in using guano as a manure, il advisable arti- 

 ficially to water it, if rain does not speedily fall after put- 

 ting it on the land. We know that the watering dissolves 

 the guano, and causes its virtues to descend i * the soil. 

 Why may we not imagine a similar process to exist at 

 large guano deposits where there is abundance of rain? 

 Why may not the rain dissolve, by putrid fermentation, 

 every successive top stratum of dung and auim 1 remains, 

 and cause the aramoniacal compounds, their salts, and 

 even their azotised animal matter, to descend into the 

 lower strata ? If this supposition be correct, it necessa- 

 rily follows, that in ali large deposits where there is rain, 

 the top stratum would be of inferior, and the lower strata 

 of superior quality. The fact that there is more than one 

 quality at Ichaboe, and that the latest deposit is not the 

 best, renders this supposition highly probable. It i- ab- 

 solutely certain that the greatest part of any large de- 

 posit of guano must be some thousands of years old, and 

 that its production and accumulation has been preceded 

 by the effervescence and putrid fermentation ace jmpany- 

 ing the decomposition of animal matter. Is long 

 retention of carbonic acid and azotic gas, even in situa- 

 tions where there is little or no rain, is not less surpris- 

 ing than the supposition that in places where abundance 

 of rain falls the production could proceed, and the lower 

 deposits, after receiving the successive drainage from the 

 uppers, become of equal value with the best guano imported. 

 We see a similar process in the common dung-heap of the 

 farmyard. The rains washing the exterior do not de- 

 stroy the prolific virtues of the interior deposit." We 

 are reminded of this extract by some conversation y 

 have lately had with a very intelligent shipn r, who 

 reports that at Ichaboe, on breaking ground over the 

 deposit, no less than 3 feet depth of rubbish, feathers, 

 and what not, have to be cleared away before the fine, 

 prolific dust and ashes can be reached. This is a singular 

 fact when it is borne in mind that the birds have been 

 fully emplojed in taking their ease on this place up to the 

 present time, and that at this moment they are disputing 

 every inch of ground, and have their heads knocked/ 

 with very little ceremony, to make them understand the 

 precedence of man." 



QT&eatrfcal*. 



Drury Lane. — On Monday next will be given at 

 this Theatre, the hundredth representation of Mr. Balfe's 

 Bohemian Girl, a work entirely of native talent. Thi* 

 circumstance is said to be unparalleled in the modern 

 history of the British sta;e, and in order to give effect to 

 the performance, Mr. Balfe, who has arrived in tliia 

 country to superintend the production of his new opera 

 will preside in the orchestra. A handsome piece of 

 plate is to be presented to him on the occasion, raised 

 by subscription, at the head of which stand the names 

 of the Duke of Devonshire and the Marchioness of 

 Conyngham. 



Unto, 



Court of Qcken's Bevch.— In the matter of Jacques Ben&U 

 —Habeas corpus.— The case of this par: een al ly noticed 



in this Paper. On Saturday last Mr. Chambers ob .ed a habeas 

 corpus to b; up the prisoner into this court, and he now ap- 

 peared at the bar in custody, and the return to the writ set forth, 

 as the cause of his detention, that he had in France committed 

 the crime of fraudulent bankruptcy, and had been arrested here 

 under tl:e provisions of the convention between France and I 

 land for the mutual delivery of persons who, being subjects of one 

 countr; nd having committed a crime there, had afterwards 

 taken refuge in the other. After the return had :i read, Mr. 

 Chambers moved that the prisoner he discharged. Mr. J 



n the part of the prosecuting creditor d the motion, in 



instance, upon the prei y objection that a fc er 



who has committed a crime in a foreign country, and who has 

 I refu n this, is not entitled to I a writ of ha be/is corpus 

 at all, if the crime which he hae niit be such that he can- 

 not be tried for it in t!:is country. 1 ^ned counsel referred 

 to and read the Habi orjH the rt of Charles II-. for 

 the purpose of showing that under the act no writ of habeas corpus 

 could be granted, unless in contemplation of a trial or discharge 

 for a crime all to have been com:- theju: t!o:i 

 of the English Courts. The learned con I then referred to the 

 next statute upon the subject, t h was the 3 George III. 

 c. 100, which extc ded the remedy to ci er than those in- 

 volving < iiual i .posed crimiiK.i matter; but contended that 

 according the wo of I tct, as well as of the recent act of 

 the 6th and 7th Victoria, ratifying the late convention, a person 

 ho had f!ed to this country to avoid the consequences of crime 

 committed in France, was liable to be detained till delivered 



