?8t 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



active \ lation > l>e retarded io a later neriod in the] 

 spring:. Where thin tiles had been placed on part of the r 



next the wall, for fhera * ing: of beat, and k< .ing the border 

 moist, they may be r. red, to prevent them fr n being broke 

 by fr or the performance of the necessary opt ratio; or if 

 not considered too valuably and if the draining was very 

 defective, they might he bedded iu clay, &c, to throwthe .ter 

 oft* the bontcr. In extreme CftMS, advantage might betaken 

 of the very useful plan advised for Vine borders in the forcing 

 department of tne Calendar a fortnight ago. 



Shu/iota, Garlic, ,$•<?.— I generally find that these thrive best 

 when planted about this season. The ground should be well 

 trenched, and a place chosen where none of the Onion tribe 

 had beeu grown for some time. Many failures arise from 

 planting them too deep. They should merely be fixed on the 

 surface, and then sprinkled o.cr with a mixture ol soot, lime, 

 and ashes. The smaller variety is moat prized by cooks gene- 

 rally ; the large sort is easier grown, and produces more 

 abundantly, but its flavour is considt red deficient in what the 



admirers of the root terc D"agre< .lc pungency." Peosand 



Beans. -MAke. a first sowing of Prince Albert Pea, and Maza- 

 gan Bean, and sow them or other approi I sorts again about 

 the beginning or middle of next month. Those sown now will 

 be usetul if the weather should be favourable, and though they 

 be cut down by fr it will only be the loss of the seed. Sow 

 upon the breast of wide ridges, so that the young plants may 

 be defended from east and north winds. Cover the seeds with 

 chopped furze, Barley chaff, or sharp san!, as a protection from 

 mice.— A'. F. 



V 11. -COTTAGERS' GARDENS. 

 Por those who arc desirous of forming new plantations of 

 G< berries and Currants, which should be done every six or 

 seven years, young plants being found to produce mor.- hand- 

 some fruit and also nn.re plentifully than old ones, I would 

 recommend from among the many farietiea now cultivated, the 

 following; viz., Velio. v Sulphur, got d and very early, but does 



not last long j Red Champagne, Taylor's Bright Venus, Pit- 



maston Green Gag.-, Red Warrington, Woodward's White- 

 smith, Melling'g Crown Bub, Farrow's Roaring Lion: and for 



preserving, the small Rough Red. Of Currants, the Black 



Naples, Red and Dutch, and Knight's Large Rid. in 



light soils, as soon as the present rainy v. ther shall have 

 cleared off, and the ground become somewhat dry, the above 

 maybe planted with greater advantage than in spring. In 

 preparing the ground let it be trenched to the depth of about 

 two feet, thoroughly mixing with the surface spit a libera] 

 allowance of manure or rich compost About 5 feet square 

 may be considered a proper distance at which the plants should 

 Stand in the rows, 1 pruning ot I sebeiry and Currant 

 bmhes may now be proceeded with. Let the centre of the 

 bushes ipt free si open, cutting clean off any strong 



Shoots that rise from that part. Cut out. all branches that 

 cross one another, leaving the leading shoots about 10 inches 

 apart a topping at a bud incli to the r, .space. All 



lateral t not required to form branches si ! be spurred 



in to a few buds. Blackcurrants require no pruning except 

 I tunning out the branches a little when the bushes have becon e 



large ami thick of v. .. Plants in win C. should not be 



watered m winter until th i quite dry, and then all the 



*°> ,'V P W be thoroughly wett . If the p ta are 



well drained the soil will only retain a certain quantity of 



Thl "£',?« U U ; at *■»"** » 9 " f)t S*»en, a portion ot the soil at 

 drv T»°f7 v 'he more active roots are- Ibecometoo 



wi.'r If . Sf n i t, l h lDger for '• tlroe » and o»«matcly perish for 

 wa,,tot sufficient moisture, and yet the soil may appear wet 



enough on tl «face. Ail the Salvias require this treatment 

 except ... p; . v ... ie tuberous i a n only to 



c tinea maxima, Ro} al Standard, Maiy, aud Holmes'* 

 Prince of Wales. * 



CBMnuima.—Dodman.— Several of BUttncr's Cherries have 

 fruited in this country: one is entirely yellow; another a 

 Black-heart, a very abundant bearer ; and his October Mo- 

 relio is smaller, but much later than the common Morello. 

 The Black-heart, Kentish, and Black Eagle, are sorts likely 

 to succeed in your soil. Others may be tried when you 

 improve it. ; 



Cinkrarias.— P. iV.— Beauty of Wortham, Black Koight, Cap 

 tivation, Red Rover, Regina Victoria, and Henderson's No. /.* 



Dkcavkd Lkavks.— A. FT.— Tree leaves from plantations where 

 the ground is full of Dandelion, Ragwort, Chickweed, and 

 other tioublesome weeds, will, of course, swarm with their 

 seeds ; and although the leaves may be now getting hot, such 

 seeds will not be so destroyed. You had better add gas- 

 water to the heap; this will produce a violent heat, kill the 

 weeds, rot the leaves, and improve their quality as manure. 



Falling Lbaves.— Don.— No doubt if people were to collect 

 the falling leaves, and let them lie in water till entirely de- 

 cayed, the liquid would be beneficial for watering plants 

 with ; more especially if it be soapy water that the leaves are 

 laid in. 



Fish Ponds.— E. W. M. enquires whether Poplar-leaves can 

 afreet Fish Ponds injuriously. His keeper complains of the 



• loss he sustains in the stews at this season, and thinks the 

 Poplar-leaves which fall in must be the cause of the mischief 

 Will any learned Ichthyophilus enlighten him ? 



Fruit-tekes.— Dodman.-Your trees will not produce well- 

 flavoured iru.t on cold, wet, clayey soil, whilst they remain 

 planted in the usual way on the natural level. In a similar 

 case, however, great improvement has resulted from the 

 ground being formed into beds raised considerably by soil 

 from large intermediate trenches. The beds may be about 

 15 feet in breadth, and the width of the trenches 5 feet. | 



Fruits.— Laneastriensis. — •« J. D." was an anonymous corres- 

 pondent, and we have no means of communicating with him 



Oardoquia Hookkrii.- A'.— The brown spots on the leaves 

 of your plant are caused by damp. The only way to prevent 

 this is to give your greenhouse plenty of air in sunny days, 

 and a little fire-heat at nights, in cloudy weather. 6 



Gesnkua zkbrina.— A Constant Reader.— This plant some- 

 times drops its flowers without any apparent cause, but it 

 would appear that yours requires more heat and more mois- 

 ture to bring the flowers to perfection. The plants which 



you received in bloom from your friend had doubtless got a 

 check on being removed. § 



GoouBsasiss.— J Young Beginner.— The following are some 



of the best early and late varieties : -Red Champagne 

 (Keen's), Seedling Warrmgtm, Red Warrington, Leigh's 

 Rifleman, Melling's Crown Bob, Red Turkey, Rough Red 



[Nov. 23, 



ilBfS; *' B ^«<™» odoratis S iuium, ? T71mTi; 

 the latter for stewing. For ETT^I^*** 



Morceau, Passe Colmar, Winter Nelis h7<£^T'. VJ1UUI 

 parable, Beiure Ranee, Beurre Diel, andGansH' R* lDCfjm - 



Pklargoxiu.ms.-A-.-Ju shi tine nlant« in J. Bereamot -l 



kept in small pots taS^^i.WiiX2BJ?H?« 

 the greater part of the soil from'their Toots t an tn ri"*? 

 them with the old ball entire.* ' n to re 'P°t 



Primllas.-T. IF.-Your seedling Primula is very prettv hnf 

 it possesses no peculiar merit to make it desirable for H* bQ * 

 cultivation; it is one of those pale colours that every ESS? 

 of seedlings is sure to have.* every grower 



Rhododendrons ,-W. S.-U you place your choice RhnH« 

 dendrons which were only worked last August on ahorfe 

 in next March, you will be very likely to if, ure th™ * ^ 

 particularly if the stocks on which you have worker? VhSJ 



SSJKLTS "**!«3* before ^ing; yo W u°h k ad be S 



he 



drv'mU^ui ? 1 ' 5 or «dina 



arj material they sometimes shrivel too much. -J. McB 



variety. 

 'ilKATisG.—I/iqitirens. 



It is not possible to make the air in- 

 side a propagating house as suitable for cuttings when they 

 are first taken off, as the inside of a bell-glass or hand-li-ht. 

 Ihe soil or sand in which cuttings are placed, will not 

 receive as much warmth from setting the pots on an inch of 

 sawdust, placed on slate over a tank, as they will from being 



State of the Wenth 



V. !"" ' for week "din* Nov. o, I8 . 14 



ob... e« at the Hon ir den, ChUWick ' 



&• 



Nor. 



Frid. 



IS 



Sat. 



1 ■; 



Sun. 



IT 



Won. 



18 



Tum. 



1 



Wed. 





Thur«. 



Si 



Averaft ^ 



1 - . ' t . 



M IX 



i M i 



; 



1 



.; 



1 3 



8 > 



a 



3' i J 



30.IJ 



177 



M. 143 



K»-4 l 



0.1 1 



80.304 I 





"hi >«RTKR. 



..in. 



V>\nA. Rain, 



30 2-2 > 30. l; i 



Nov. Ij Densely clonced; • 



— 16 



— 17 



— 18 



— 19 



— 80 



— 21 



s.U\ 



s.w, 

 s.w, 



s.W. 



s. 



S.H 



c o varnish which it is said will not rot calico. This cor- 



SKtafi? " auybody in Irelana has adopted the taiik 



Hkrdackous Plant?. — An 

 flower in Api 

 height 4 incl 



L M NTS, ,T/ n °' d Sltb scriber.~The following 

 nl and May, viz.-Anemone palmata, yellow, 

 is; Cheiranthus ochroleucus, )ellow, 6 inches' 



I Y - ' ; ." V '' ; ' ■'■ati.i K ht; slieht host. 

 5KJJ5 fne m foi * ds Oery d fn ' e W 



Mean temperature of the week « deg. above the average. 



State of * Weather -"^S^fti^ fo r the en 8uing 





Nor. 



8un. 21 

 Won. S 

 Tues. 36 

 Wed. 27 

 Thur. SI 

 FrI. 29 



Sat. 3 



•Wer. Aver. 



Highest Lowest 



Temp. Temp. 



(.4 



.-' 



■0 



363 







99.1 



Mean 

 Temp 



40.S 

 39.3 



41.8 

 44.0 

 tfl 



•41.9 



I No. of 

 Vears in 

 which it 



Kninf 



30, 1844. 



Greatest 

 ntitj 

 oi Uaia. 



Prevailing Winds. 



8 



8 



8 



10 



II 



10 



11 



Pulmoi.ariagrardiflora, purple, l foot.f 



PnpiV«' S,NG ri- // - The others are the male part of the 

 * uchsia, and the stigma the female. Fuchsias are not uni- 

 sexual, except in the instance of F. cylindrica 



a F ^f'~ T ' S \ K '~ You should have fastened the cork in with 

 fvwl • or i ea J l »&- wax to P"vent its crashing the animal 

 which is a Podura, but the species we cannot name E 

 A. B. -Your Viheat is infested with th« Pniv.u Em „„ ' 



x»43— therm, ^a"; and the lowest on rlie26th, 1839— therm. «o 



on the i7th 



economy, &c. R. 



Lisiaxthls Russkllianus.-^ Crrespondent.-StoivinK at 

 every JO ;nt is practised only whilst the plant is von m 5 f 

 order to make it bushy; and when an abundance of ,f^ 

 ^L thuS pro A uce . d - the lowers being ter^n^o^B^t 



to the 



ery curious, 

 e it better, in a 



No/ices to Correspondents. 



repeat the Is tho-e which ma v-still i,r. i, i i '''■ ffe 



who will forward to < , r pttTi^her P os \£*1 s "" scril ": r 

 s7 .ont_toas m a n> -K ulllbcr L '£$& ^ •«* 



} ^;^X' '* "• "' ' 7 ' ,S ' 20 ' 2 '" * 8 ' 2I ' 2fi - V, S3, ,0, 



^.^Vsi'siVsVVVfe S ' 4 S ; ;^ 5» «•*- 26 ' 



1844:-A!1 the Numbers for th'. ,';JI- ! ' ' , - 42 - 4 '- ls . 50, 51. 



requcted to compiotat ' A'ESSff' 1 *" ^^ »" 

 Books.-,!/. iV.-The most n^fT25™£*L B 



t..„ , " w "*~ Iuur nowers are 



1 hey are buds trying to bloom, or if you lik 



G lout M jrccaa ; * 7, ■n-Wi^Sg^ff^ * 



place them in a moderately warm greenhouse or pit andahn^ 

 them to start gently, for if you do not do this a* 1 the forc.H 

 growth obtained by hard forcing will be at the cxienaa nf fS 

 after- health of the plants , by no means usecowSj So dd 

 manure, or excite them a second time In one season ? asvon 

 propose, since you intend finally to plant them in the opeS 



Vixes.-^ Constant Reader, and A. Z.-It is impossible to havn 

 good Grapes unless their roots have free aecess tVwarmm 

 and air. They can nave no such access when they are huHed 

 to a great depth. A man who plants Vines in dung and wet 

 clayey loam 4 feet deep, and buries the roots beneath 2 feet 

 of this stuff must be a madman, not a garuener. Drain your 

 borders thoroughly, mix bones, brickbats, and lime-rubbish 

 with it, so as to loosen it thoroughly, and bring the roots to 

 the very surface; it is useless to try any other plan --. 

 Aliqms.— You cannot err in having >our}oung Vines now 



Vive Borders.-^ Young Beginner.-You may safely apply 

 30 bushels of bone-dust to a Vine border 30 feet in length and 

 20 feet in breadth. || b a 



Vines in Pots.— An Amateur.— -You may introduce your Vines 

 in pots to gentle heat at first, in the end of January, hheep's- 

 dung is a good manure for them ; or if this cannot be readily 

 obtained, other manure should be supplied.il 



Walnut.— Dodmun.— We have no knowledge of the Walnut 

 alluded to, except Irom the s jurce to which you refer, the 

 Catalogue of L. Van Houtte, wherein it is stated to be a 

 variety of the common Walnut, and so early a bearer as to 

 produce a crop at the end of the third year.y 



Waterpipes.— Nothing but iron will answer for bringing water 

 underground from a hill to the top of a house ; the pressure 

 of the water will, we fear, burst any weaker material. 



Weeds.— A. IF.— The reason why weeds rise on the surface of 

 the ground after being dug over, nay even trenched from a 

 considerable depth, or Irom the bottom of a new ditch of 

 three or four feet deep, is because they cannot germinate 

 without access to air, and in suca situations the contact of 

 air is prevented. 



Wistaria sinensis. — A'.— It is probable that the flower-buds 

 on your plant have been injured by frost. ' It does not flower 

 in some parts of England unless it is protected in winter. §] 

 Miscellaneous.— V. B.— You had better do nothing more to 

 your Pelargoniums till March. Keep them as quiet as you can, 

 and away from frost and warmth, both of which are equally 

 their enemies. Sow your Swan River seeds in February in a 

 hotbed. We have never seen any advantage derived from 

 steeping seeds in muriatic acid, but it has been said to act 

 advantageously when greatly diluted. So has newly-burnt 

 lime, reduced to powder and mixed with the seeds. Water is, 

 however, the best steep, aud hot-water for very bony seeds, 



such as Acacias, and sonic Proteaceous plants. A Traveller. 



— Aloes and Agaves are very different plants j but what is 

 commonly called the American Aloe, of which hedges are 



made in the South of Europe, is Agave Americana. A. Gall. 



—Winter is the most convenient season for relieving forest 

 trees of their c cad wood. Northwood.—Tlu. re is no account- 

 ing for taste. We think the cottages at Edensor the most 

 beautiful things of the kind we have seen; others may be of 

 a different opinion. There are those who think the National 

 Gallery, or the Senior United Service Club, or the thing at 

 Derby called a chapel, objects of beauty- or even, perhaps, 

 the squirting candlestick, misnamed a fountain, iu St. James s 

 Park. Such tastes would probably be offended by the archi- 

 tecture of Edensor. A Limerick Subscriber— Vi ill find the 



treatment of Lilium lancifolium, &c. given at p. 590 of the 



present year. J J. Bruce.-A»ply to Mr. Cutler , No 97, 



Farringdon-st. ; R. W.B.-We can only repeat that the 



only way by which you can clear your lawn from Sorrel at 

 less expense than relaying it is to neisevere in destroying the 

 foliage as soon as it makes its appearance. This will ulti- 

 mately have the effect of killing the roots. J Amygdalus.— 



You can only obtain Peach and Nectarine- trees worked on 

 the Almond stock from the Pans Nurserymen.,-— A A. i. 

 ■i he best way oflayering Roses is to cut and j ^B them downs 

 but much depends on the manner in which this is done 

 Fhst the bottom of the layer should be at least three inches 

 below the surface of the gn d , and second, the point : o £he 

 hoot should afterwards be brought as nearly upright zs ; pos- 



hrid Pink is unKnuwii tu ^, *#«*, *■■-- --- -- ^'^ Aa 



bt it sho^d be perpetuated by pipings, and not by seeds, 

 .wot it snou-ci oc p v t u or iginal form. It is of 



SSwSsfs sssssr^ssg 



S!' e S.st not put itinto ahigh tempcrauue a first 



g; 5, Cat 



neve/jive^ s ; ti^ttTb 



Mr. Curtis, of Hayes. MidJlesex. With your a'ddresfS £S 

 answer your inquire. A. S.-lt is customuS ' WlM 



of the booksellers. 

 and Hothouse Cult 



■-■omary. 



Boroma nmi ata.- George Matthews.- Place your plant in m 



( 



plant slightly over with 



fHLrrP^ 100 * and s y ri "ffe it once a week with nitre dis- 



butk e CP «,. ^rtssssessss 



Fern i, 



soil.^[ — Afph 



your plant. A little 

 benefit your 



?er, and particularly if it is mixed with the 

 iVw 11 find the -Vitreous Cloth,- advertised at 



W 71 of the present year.*— H. W '-^ mci YcoLVant 

 serving Walnuts is given at p. 688, 1844 :*— ^°"±m 

 Reader -It is best to graft Camellias In spring. The scions 

 ^adapted ?or the purpose are shoots that were produced in 

 the previous yesr. y _ ChcmicalJack.-^ - Calendar f 

 Operations" in to-day's Paper.*— C. /. P '- In . a ^;5 a _™ e 

 will dissolve in dhptha; but you had b«ter find out some 

 manufacturer, and get it from him.— — 5. 'f--^*" 6 " ,; 

 aware that the wood of the Common Maple »« warmer than 

 that of other soft-wooded trees. Anagalhs tenella is by some 

 botan 



earmain 



Russet; 

 5S5L»«*" ^ C ? rn ^ Aro'-naiic. VsVan^^^lo^t 



solved in water, at the rate of 1 oz. to a gallon : if this does 

 not destroy the mildew, dust the plant slightly oveJ whh 

 flowers of sulphur. } ' w>crwi tn 



Calckolarias.-F. AT.-Standi>h's Eclipse, and Stanrii^hii 

 Barnes s Bridesmaid, and Landmark ; Green's Prince Albert' 

 Suiphurea Superba, Miss Antrobus improved, Zebrina Alba 



Names of Plants. 

 ent from 

 alhed to 



Plants.— S tour. —A female Yam, and hardly differ- 



Dioscorea sativa J. S.-Some Malvav scus 



M. mlosus. Vestal and J. H. H.-Pl^I Z If"? 



Chrysanthemums, lea-scented Roses, Chorozemas, Epacrises, 

 and the autumn-flowering kinds of Cape-he <ths, such as 

 Banksii, cruenta, and mammosa,&c.£ J. SHarpe.— It is im- 

 possible to answer your question. The names ot fruit cannot 

 be determined from such materials. You will find a list oi 



Pansies given at p. 73(3 of this year.! A Subscriber wnl be 



obliged if J. 6. will give the publisher's name and date of 

 publication of " Thompson's Alccdo." 



(.* As usual many communications have been received too late, 

 and others are unavoidably detained till the requisite in- 

 quiries can be made. 



Plants out of 



flower cannothe named.— C ^ aw ^,.ir, GeTaniummolle 

 2, Veronica agrestis ; 3, Juncus acutifloru 8 . y W Hu^e- 



Errata, p. "64, c, line 

 p. 765, a, line 1, for 

 article, Grey Wagtail, 

 instead of "the 9th 

 October.' ' 



;o, for "maxilla" read "maxilla?;" 



"halters" read "halteres."— In the 



in last week's Paper, p. 7&7, col. a, 



of this month," read "the 9th of 



