

1844.J 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



799 



Bank, for Adventurer, Lucid um ; Magnet, Mirabile, Queen, and 

 Marquis ; 2, Mr. T. Turner, for Globe. Leeks: Mr. J. Gourlay, 

 gr., Bruntsfield House, for Musselburgh Flag. German Greens: 

 Mr. T. Ovens, gr., Grange Bank. Med Beet : Mr. T. Ovens. Car- 

 rots: Mr. J. Downie, for Altringham. Broccoli: Mr. J. 

 Swanie, gr., Ormsby Lodge, for Gillespie's Early. Endive: 

 Mr. W. Ewen. Celery: Mr. J. Gourlay, lor Bang's flat- 

 stemmed White. Brussels Sprouts. Mr. J. Downie. rears-- Mr. 

 J. Douglas, for Citron des Carmes and Gansel's Bergamot. Ap- 

 ples : Mr. J. Douglas, for Ribstonc Pippin, Golden Reinette, 

 and Blenheim Pippin. Amateurs'. — Savoys and Leeks: Mr. 

 J. Steel, for Cape Savoy and Scotch Flag Leek. The Prize 

 offered by Messrs. Dickson and Sons for the best Red and 

 White Celery was won by Mr. Gourlay, with Sang's flat- 

 stemmed and Manchester Red. The Prize by the same for ihe 

 best Six Onions was gained by Mr. J. Douglas with the Stras 

 burgh. As a proof of the flourishing state of this Society, there 

 were sent lor competition 121 articles. 



Hampshire Horticultural Society, Nov. 14. — This was the 

 26th Anniversary Meeting of this Society. The display of Chry- 

 santhemums was good, particularly the Warden's and Mr. 

 Ralfe's. The stove and greenhouse plants were but few. The 

 fruit was fine, particularly Pears. Mr. Chandler, of Vauxhall, 

 exhibited two trays of Chrysanthemum blooms, of superior 

 quality. The 1'rizes were awarded as follows -.—Class 1. — 

 12 Chrysanthemums, in pots, four to the cast, S. G. Medal, Mr. 

 Ralfe, for Queen, Reinede Prmsi, Coronet, David, Achmet Bey, 

 Mirabile, Rosetta, Malvina, Minerva, Duke de Coruegliano] 

 De Crequi, and Madame Pompadour; 12 ditto, in pots, four to 

 the cast, S. G. Medal, Rev. the Warden, for Mirabile, For- 

 mosum, Vesta, Duke de Cornegliano, Theresa, Madame Pom- 

 padour, De Crequi, Memnun, Minerva, Superb, Clustered 

 Yellow, Campestroni, and Exquisite ; 3 ditto, in pots, eight to the 

 cast, Mr. Ralfe, for Incomparable, Princess Maria, Vesta, 

 Memnon, Roseum, Gui Laborde, Duchesse de Montebel.'o, 

 Horatio, Horace, Princesse de Lambaile, • lsolicr, and Marie; 

 4 ditto, in pots, eight to the cast, the Warden, for Columbus, 

 Duchesse de Montebello, Irene, Solon, Princesse de Lambaile, 

 Orion, Coronet, Flechier, Incomparable, Louis- Philippe, Mar- 

 shal Augnine, and Bijou ; 5 ditto, in pots, 16 to the cast, Mr. 

 Wm. Barnes, for Mirabile, Formotum, Vesta, Duke de Cor- 

 negliano, Theresa, Madame Pompadour, Exquisite, Campe- 

 stroni, Superb, Clustered Yellow, Minerva, De Crequi, Mem- 

 non, Princess Maria, Coronet, Grandee, Princesse de Lambaile, 

 Marie, Grand Napoleon, Changeable Yellow, Queen, Incom- 

 parable, Beauty, Triumphant, and Adventurer. 



NOTICES of NEW PLANTS WHICH are EITHER 



USEFUL OR, ORNAMENTAL. 



Salvia prtuxKLLoinEs. Prunella like Sage. {Hardy Perm - 

 nial). Labiates, Diandrta Rlonogynia.— Of the many Salvi 

 described in botanical works, there is decidedly a preponder- 

 ance of species with dowers of a cerulean tint. Some of these 

 now hold a deservedly eminent station amongst the summer- 

 garden decorations, aud we are glad to be enabled to give pro- 

 minence to another, which, although it has been known in 

 nurseries since 1840, is rarely seen beyond their precincts. The 

 comparative obscurity in which it has been fated to continue, 

 may perhaps be traced to the introduction about the same time 

 of the more showy Salvia patens, the magnitude and superior 

 loveliness of the flowers of that species having completely en- 

 grossed the attention of cultivators in the desire so universally 

 manifested to possess it, to the almost entire exclusion of all 

 less-favoured competitors. In its habit of growth S. prunel- 

 loides is unexceptionable. The stems are produced closely, 

 without appearing crowded, and rarely grow more than a few 

 inches high, when planted in a border. The foliage is of that 

 happy medium size, which has neither the coarseness of some 

 of the larger-growing species, nor yet the scantiness of many 

 of the smaller kinds. The plant spreads by means of under- 

 ground stems, which develope shoots with great rapidity, that 

 soon acquire a flower-bearing maturity; and though the blos- 

 soms, individually, are rather minute, yet, when a number of 

 flower-stems (rarely more than 8 or JO inches long) are borne 

 in close proximity, they produce an effect decidedly ornamental. 

 For some time it was a matter of doubt whether it would en- 

 dure the severity of our climate without protection during 

 winter. We are, however, enabled to state its perfect hardi- 

 ness, plants having stood without the slightest protection for 

 three successive winters, in the nursery of Mr. Bunney, at 

 Stratford. It ought to be planted in a well-drained and airy 

 situation; aud, unless the soil is tolerably nutritive, the flowers 

 will be much inferior in size. A hardy plant, with bright-blue 

 flowers, to contrast with Verbenas, &c, in the parterre, must 

 be useful. We believe the merit of raising and flowering the 

 first plants in this country, is due to Mr. Moyes, of Durdham 

 Down Nursery, Bristol, who received roots from Mexico. 

 Humboldt and Bonpland met with it on the volcanic mountain 

 of Jorullo, where it grows in rocky situations: it has also 

 been found in New Spain, by Mocino and Lesse, and in various 

 parts of Mexico, by different individuals.— Pax-ton's Magazine 

 of Botany. 



Abutilov viTiFOLiu.M. Yine-leaved Abutilon. {Greenhouse 

 Shrub). Malvaceae Monadelphia polyandria.— This fine Mal- 

 vaceous plant is a native of Chili, whence it appears to have been 

 introduced about the year 1836, by Captain Cottinghamof Dublin. 

 It was noticed in this work in July 1840, when it was stated that 

 it had proved quite hardy in Ireland, having stood in a south 

 border, without protection for three years. Under such circum- 

 stances it must be a noble looking shrub, for it is said to maintain a 

 stature of 6 feet, and to become one mass of blossom. With us in 

 England it does not, however, prove lit for the open ground. It 

 may be grown in a large pot or tub, but where it can be planted 

 out in a conservatory bed it will succeed much better. The soil 

 most suitable is heath-mould mixed with silver sand. Being a 

 greenhouse plant, air should be given at all times when the wea- 

 ther is favourable, and it must be exposed as much to the light as 

 possible, it is propagated from cuttings in the usual way. The 

 worst of the plant is, that it occupies a great deal of room, and 

 therefore can only be grown in large houses, and it is, like all its 

 iamily, a favourite resort of red-spider. When, however, the first 

 is of no consequence, anil the second can be kept down, it is well 

 worth growing; for we have few plants whose flowers form such 

 oread gay masses.— Botanical Register. 



rHUNBKRoiACHRYsops. Goid< n eyed Thunbergia. {Climb- 

 X pF E, 'ergreen.) Acanthacese. Didynamia Angiospermia.— 

 inarming as most of the Thuubergias are, the superiority of 

 J nis specu-s must at once be admitted by every beholder; for 

 trie beautiful variety of tint exhibited in its large blossoms 



h L Cntitles jt to the lirst rank in tne SO us. It was discovered 

 oy Mr. Whitfield in the interior of Sierra Leone, who, as we 

 iearn from the " Botanical Magazine,'" at considerable danger 



nd risk succeeded in securing specimens, which he brought 

 sately to England, to the gardens of the Earl of Derby, at 

 Anowsley Hall, near Prcscot, Lancashire, from whence it has 

 already been dispersed throughout many parts of the country, 

 th . now exist s i» most extensive nursery establishments in 



»e kingdom. When supplied with a very warm and humid 



rant? Sphc ' Ie and ^ lailtea in a lar S e P ot » u Srows very exuhe- 

 Bi t -f ' ailu wil1 s '->°n extend its shoots to many feet in length. 



havl kept ' ln an airy ' co ° l P lace » lt lopes its rambling climbing 

 naoit, and assumes mor 1 f the character of an ordinary erect- 

 growing shrub, and is less profuse of its flowers. In the 



»ery or Mr. Knight, King's-road, Chelsea, a fine specimei 



Placed over a tank in a propagatiug-house, and was, doubt- 

 less, greatly assisted by the degree of bottom-heat witn which 

 it was favoured, in forming the numerous flowers which ap- 

 peared all along the shoots. No doubt a clo#e pit or frame in 

 wnicu a little heat can be kept up, in conjunction with a uni- 



formly moist air, will be the very best place for excit. it 

 the desired freedom of growth. A rich soil, a well drained and 

 roomy pot, together with copious waterings during active 

 growth, are also conditions by which success is greatly influ- 

 enced. And to ward off the pestiferous attacks of the red- 

 spider, which determinedly infest all this tribe of plants when- 

 ever attention loiters, the syringe should be frequently brought 

 into requisition, applying the water well to the under surface 

 of the leaves. Cuttings take root with the most perfect readi- 

 ness, and by their removal confer an immense advantage on 

 young plants, particularly when large specimens are wanted ; 

 for an increased number of shoots will be produced, and what 

 is lost in time by retarding the blooming of the plant, will be 



sa Lu ed - ln ult,mate cffect - The bright golden eve in the centre 

 of the flower, surrounded by a field of blue and violet, being 

 the most striking feature of the species, has been very aptly 

 chosen as the foundation of the distinguishing specific term.- 

 Pua ton's Magazine of Botany. 



I 



nur- 

 n was 



Garden Memoranda. 



The Dublin liotanic Garden, Nov. 1844.— The fol- 

 lowing is an abstract of the Second Annual Report on 

 the state of this Garden to the Botanical Committee and 

 Members of the Royal Dublin Society, by the curator, 

 Mr. Moore :— The incongruity, he" says, which has 

 so long existed between the plant-houses here and the 

 Garden generally, is now being done away with, and 

 owing to the able manner in which the efforts made la.-t 

 year have been carried into effect, one wing of a new 

 range of conservatories has been erected, on the newest 

 and most approved principle, being commodious, hand- 

 some, and in keeping with the exterior of the Garden ; 

 and there is every certainty of a much larger portion 

 being immediately built, Government having generously 

 voted a sum for that purpose. It is also stated, that the 

 increasing interest taken by the public in .this establish- 

 ment shows that they duly appreciate the improvements 

 going forward ; this is manifest from the greater number 

 of donations of seeds from friends, both at home and 

 abroad, and also by the prevailing classes who visit the 

 Garden. It may be here mentioned that, owing to the 

 great facilities now afforded for the transmission of see; 

 &c, in small parcels, through the Post-office, instances 

 have occurred this season of seeds being collected from 

 plants growing at Meerut, and other parts of the East 

 Indies, sent home by the overland mail, sown and vege- 

 tated in the hothouses within nine weeks from the time 

 they were collected. The new house has been recently 

 filled with plants, which show to good advantage, afford- 

 ing, at the saix.o time, the means for visitors to examine 

 such of them .is they may desire, with ease ; which 

 is of great importance in a public garden. Th 

 whole of the arrangements of hardy exotic plants are 

 being removed, re-arranged, and condensed, in order to 

 make room for the British p ants, which now occupy 

 a site assigned for new buildings. In the Arboretum, 

 many of the trees which have been recently added, 

 natives of the Mexican and Himalayan mountains, as 

 well as of other parts of the world, are now beginning to 

 establish themselves, and prove their suitableness for 

 the climate of Ireland, particularly the Coniferous 

 or Pine family, which have of late years become such 

 great desiderata among planters. The experience of 

 two winters enables Mr. Moore, with a considerable 

 degree of certainty, to state, that the following s\n - 

 cies, natives of Mexico, will prove sufficiently hardy 

 for most parts of Ireland, viz., Pinus ? .itczumee, Pinus 

 Teocote, Pinus Apulceusis, Pinus llartwegii, Pinus patula, 

 and Pinus macrophylla. The Pinus Russelliana and Abies 

 religiosa (two beautiful species, also natives of Mexico), 

 were cut up considerably wiii frost, although slightly 

 protected ; still it is expected that they will prove nearly 

 hardy when once well established, particularly in the south- 

 ern counties; and should this be the ca e, the latter will be 

 a most interesting addition, being one of the most beau- 

 tiful of the tribe, attaining to a great size on the Mexican 

 mountains, at an elevation of from 7000 to 9000 feet. 

 Some of the fine species from theN.W. coast of A. 1 erica 

 are offering to do well, such as Pinus ponderosa, Pinus 

 Sabini, Pinus Coulteri, Abies nobilis, and Abies amubilis; 

 but those which appear of greatest importance are some 

 of the Himalayan species, Abies deodara, Pinus excelsa, 

 and Abies morinda, which are both ornamental and 

 very valuable trees. The experiments which have been 

 made at this place with artificial manures have been 

 mostly with a view of following up those of last year, 

 which were as extensively made as means permitted, and 

 the result proved, beyond the slightest doubt, that the 

 mixtures called Murray's Fertilizers, and guano, produced 

 the desired effect for one season at least; but that part of 

 the experiment, not the least interesting, remained to be 

 proved, whether a subsequent crop would be benefited 

 by those stimulating substances, or whether the whole of 

 the fertilising powers were spent on the first crop. With 

 a view of endeavouring to prove this, the ground which 

 was experimented on last season with a Potato crop was 

 sown down with Wheat after the Potatoes were dug, 

 which showed very little difference as the crop progressed 

 towards maturity, though that sown on the portion* 

 where the fertilising mixtures were, vegetated sooner, 

 and continued stronger through the winter than that on 

 the stable manure, but the latter appeared to overtake 

 and even surpass it as the summer advanced. The por- 

 tions of Grass-land which were top-dressed with the 

 fertilisers on the previous year, showed very little differ- 

 ence from the adjoining parts, which got no manure of 

 any kind. The inference, therefore, to be drawn from 

 those experiments is, that most, if not all the fertilising 

 effects are given off during the year the substances are 

 supplied to the soil ; but there are so many things to be 

 considered along with the manner iu which manures act 

 on soil, that isolated, imperfect experiments prove little 

 or nothing. In conclusion, it is added that, if the im- 

 portant improvements now projected are carried out, 



this establishment will be worthy of the country, and 

 highly creditable to the Royal Dublin Society, as well 

 as to every person connected with it. 



Miscellaneous. 



New Zealand.— The specimens of New Zealand woodt 

 which are now being exhibited at the Company's office in 

 Broad-street, City, are of an entirely novel and beautiful 

 description. Several articles of decorative feral tare have 

 been made by If. Levrin, the importer, to thovr the 

 great superiority of those woods over all oth • hitherto 

 used by the cabinet-maker of this country. When they 

 become more generally known, we have no doubt they 

 will be used for drawing-room furniture, as we under nd 

 the New Zealand Company intend to import their woods 

 on a large scale, and which must become the source of 

 great advantage to the colony. — The Times. 



China.— We are happy to state that Mr. Fortune's mis- 

 sion for theHorticultural Society proceeds very /avourably. 

 His last letters are dated, Shanghae, June ; and it appears 

 that the objects of his mission are likely to irely 



fulfilled. He had collected many very fine things, some 

 Azaleas, and Moutan , several handsome shrubs, and a 

 beautiful, h iy, evergreen tree, supposed to be Crypto- 

 meria japonica. The Chinese were obliging aud accessible, 

 and he had actually i \ present in the Green-Tea 

 country about Ningpo in the n f the gathering 



season. Mr. Fortune had received ihe greatest assistant* 

 from Her Majesty's Consuls, Capt. Balfour at Shanghae, 

 Mr. Thorn at Ningpo, and Mr. L»y at Canton. He had 

 also received valuable aid from Lieut. Shadwell ami Dr. 

 lax well, and from Dr. Lockhart and Mr. Med hurst, of 

 the Missionary Society. 



CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS 



For the ensuing Week. 



I.— HOTHOr CON JRIE3. &c. 



SpATnoi»KA campanulata, and Clerodendron iptendens, two 

 plants from a very hot clim on t be west coast ifrici near 

 ihe equator — where, also, Napolconaimpcrialis is f I form 

 a ng example of how we may he deceived in our treat- 



ment of stove p ants of whose habits we know only that they 



re from such anil such a country : the former we treat as a 

 ve plant, J so hardy that it will grow just as wi 11 in 



the open air from the f Msy to the latter part of Septem- 



ber, anil then it may be wintered in the conservatory ii kept 

 ratherdry ; theClero dron ndei rsacooi, shady part 



of the stove, and is belter fitted for an intermedia? e, but 



it will prow freely in a pood conservatory If not allow d much 

 light, which is disagreeable to it when growing;. re can be 



little doubt but that man stove plan- 1 prove suffi- 



ciently hardy to do in the conservatory, and this 1- the best 

 time to begin the experiment. 1 it duplicates, an \ce 



them by themselves, to be kept dryer thr< ugh the v r than 

 the rest of the collection ; they should also be placed in the 

 coolest end of the house. 



Conservatory.— The earliest of the Chrysanthemum- 11 now 

 be nearly over, ana when they are turned out the b- »t way is 

 not to cut them down, as is generally done, but to store them 

 in light dry soil, under a west wall, turned out of the pots; the 

 tops being left 011 will keep the suckers more backwtird, and 



lso shelter them in some degree: the less the sucken grow 

 before March the better plants they will make next year. 

 Spring-forced Camellias now in bloom should be guarded 

 against currents of cold air and damp. Cinerarias, which are 

 great ornaments for this house In winter, are thirsty plants, and 

 good subjects on which to try experiments with some of the 

 new fertilisers mixed in the water given them; they are also 

 liable to the attacks of insects, and unless they are lot ked after 

 tl.ey will soon establish these among other plants. Tnc fine 

 large varieties of the Chinese Primrose, although they grow 

 well near the glass, do best in shaded places where the sun 

 cannot reach them ; two parts rough leaf-mould, and one of 

 very old cow-dung, with a little sand, is the best com it for 

 them, and in this they like plenty of moisture. Besides the 

 double white and double pink, which are very showy at this 

 season, there ere some of all shades, from pure white to very 

 dark purple, some with fringed edges, which look gay ; but 

 florists are discarding this class for smooth entire edged ones, 

 v.f good substance, size, and colour ; and probably the pin-eyed 

 ones will not be thought much of now that they arc become 



florists' flowers. 



Pits.— Half-hardy plants stored away in winter in pits and 

 temporary structures, are likely to have a severe trial before 

 the winter is over. Prepare against severe weal r with addi- 

 tional coverings. Keep such plants as dry as y can bear, 

 and expose them on every ; wouiable day.— D. B. 



II.— FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERIES. 



Out-door Dcpartmint. 

 As the leaves are now all in a great measure off the trees, 

 the pruning of common shrubs may be proceeded with, and the 

 borders put iu order for the season. I have previo spoken 



against digging; and as the ground must be cle of loaves, 



it is best, where they are not wanted for other purposes, to 

 draw them into ridges in the back part of the shrubt cry, and 

 there to let them lay and rot, to be distributed over the ground 

 about this time twelve months. It is not a bad plan to rill holes 

 nteuded for American or other choice plants with wet leaves, 

 and to place the ball level with the surface of the ground : as 

 the leaves decay the plant will sink to its proper level, and 



grow admirably. . 



Pits and Frames.— Look sharply to the protection of these 

 s'ructures, as 10° of frost in November is a pretty good earnest 

 of a severe winter. Keep the plants as dry as possible ; and 

 if the atmosphere is damp, it is not a bad plan to dry it a little, 

 by placing a pan or two of burning charcoal in the pits, at the 

 same time giving plenty of air. This should be done on a dry 



day.— W. P. A. 



III.— FLORISTS' FLOWERS. 

 Polyanthuses— Are throwing up a great number of autumnal 

 blooms this season. The variety called Hufton's Lord Rancliff, 

 a remarkably hardy as well as a pretty sort, appears more dis- 

 posed to bloom late than older varieties. I have noticed that 

 on beds where the plants have all been divided at the same 

 period, and the roots healthy and doing well, that two-thirds 

 of this sort flower, whilst not one in ten of sue 1 varieties as 

 Crownshaw's Invincible, Tantarara, Alexander, Fletcher's De- 

 fiance, Stead's Telegraph, Martin's Prince William Henry (red), 

 Ac. &c, which are much older, throw up a bloom. These 

 last-mentioned sorts must have their autumnal blooms removed, 

 but the other (Lord Rancliff) is so luxuriant, and so extremely 

 robust, that it appears to make not the slightest difference, as 

 I have had them blooming profusely till Christmas, as d also 

 have had flowers at the proper on able to compete with the 

 best of my neighbour's. Auriculas -Must continue to have every 

 attention: water vcrv sparingly, and remove all dead leaves. 

 When opportunity offers, procure a supply of willow dust, 

 which is a most excellent ingredient in Auricula compost. 

 Tuhns.-The recurrence of fine weather will give opportunities 

 t . ._ /m w>..i!«. ♦« ha niar.tprf. Aft thcv are now suffering: much u 



for all Tulips to be platted, as they are now 



