Dec. 28,] 



THE NEWSPAPER. 



[1844. 



United States, from the 11th Oct., 184.i, to the 5th 

 July last (to which day the returns received only extend), 

 wai, by sea, 634 quarters; and, by inland navigation, or 

 land carriage, 21,161 quarters. The quantities of 

 Wheat and flour, the produce of Canada, imported for 

 home consumption during the same period, were, into 

 Great Britain, 18,199 quarters 6 bushels of Wheat, and 

 262,506 cwts. 1 qr. 2 lbs. of flour; into Ireland, 

 4007 cwts. 1 qr. 10 lbs. of flour ; making, in the total, 

 18,199 quarters 6 bushels of Wheat, and 260,513 cwts. 

 2 qrs. 12 lbs. of flour. 



jForetp. 



France. — By extraordinary express from Paris, the 

 of yesterday morning was enabled to give the 

 speech of King Louis-Philippe, on opening the Session 

 of the Chambers on Thursday, and of which the follow- 

 ing is a translation :— 



11 Gentlemen, Peers, and Deputies — At the moment 

 your last Session closed, complications, which might 

 have become serious, were the object of my solicitude. 

 The necessity for protecting our possessions in Africa 

 from reiterated and hostile incursions had obliged us to 

 carry the war into the empire of Morocco. Our brave 

 land and sea armies, worthily commanded, have attained 

 with glory, and in a few days, the object designated to 

 their courage. Peace has been as prompt as victory, and 

 Algeria, where three of my sons have this year had the 

 honour of srrving their country, has received a double 

 pledge of security, for we at thesame time provedour power 

 and our moderation. My Go vernmentwas engaged with that 

 of the Queen of Great Britain in discussions which might 

 have given rise to apprehensions of the relations between 

 the two States being weakened. A mutual spirit of good 

 will and equity has, however, maintained between France 

 and England that happy accord which guarantees the re- 

 pose of the world. In the visit I have paid to the 

 Queen of Great Britain, in order to testify to her the 

 value which I set upon the intimacy which unites us, 

 and on the reciprocal friendship of which she has given 

 me so many marks, I have been surrounded with mani- 

 festations the most satisfactory to France and to me. I 

 have gathered, in the feelings which have been expressed 

 tome, fresh pledges for the long duration of that general 

 peace which secures to our country abroad a position dig- 

 nified and strong, and at home a prosperity ever increas- 

 ing, and the quiet enjoyment of its constitutional liber- 

 ties. My relations with all the foreign powers continue 

 pacific and amicable. You are, gentlemen, witnesses of 

 the prosperous state of France. You see our national 

 activity, protected by wise lnws, display itself over every 

 part of our territory, and reaping, by the protec- 

 tion of order, the fruits of its labours. The improve- 

 ment in national credit, and the equilibrium established 

 between our annual receipts and our expenses, bear 

 testimony to the happy influence of this situation over 

 the general affairs of the State, as well as over the wel- 

 fare of all. The financial laws will shortly be presented 

 to you. Bills for the improvement of our roads, of our 

 ports, of our internal navigation, for the finishing of our 

 railroads, and for various objects of general utility, will 

 also be submitted to your deliberations. Amidst the 

 prosperity of the country Heaven has blessed the inte- 

 rior of my family : it has increased the number of my 

 children, and the marriage of my beloved son (the Due 

 d'Aumale), with a princess already connected with us by 

 so many ties, has been to me and to all mine a 

 source of lively satisfaction. Gentlemen, — Providence 

 has imposed upon me great labours and sorrowful 

 trials. I have accepted the burden. I have devoted 

 myself— I have devoted my family — to the service of 

 my country. To found, for a long time to come, their 

 union and their happiness, such has been for 14 years 

 past the aim of my constant efforts. I have the confi- 

 dence that, with your loyal co-operation, the Almighty 

 will enable me to attain it, and that the gratitude of free 

 and happy France will be the reward of our mutual de- 

 votedness, and the glory of my reign.'' 



The fog was so dense, and the distance at which the 

 public was kept by the troops was so great, that it was 

 impossible to catch a glimpse of the royal cortege as it 

 passed along the quays from the Tuilleries to the Palace 

 of the Chamber of Deputies. A considerable military 

 force had been called out on the occasion, and 

 twelve battalions of National Guards, together with 

 an equal ' 



passage o» ujoir ^lajest^a. — in coDseque 



ing of the Chambers, Paris, during the past week, has 

 been in all the bustle of the commencement of a parlia- 

 mentary campaign. On Wednesday, the Chamber of 

 Deputies was to hold its preliminary meeting to ballot 

 for the deputation of its members who received" the King 

 on the opening day. On the same day the provisional 

 Officers of the house were to be appointed, the oldest 

 member becoming provisional president, and rhe youngest 

 provisional secretaries. For the last two sessions the 

 office of provisional president assumed an unwonted im- 

 portance, from the fact of its being filled by M. Laffitte, 

 who took that opportunity of declaring his bitter disap- 

 pointment at the results of the Revolution of 1830, in 

 which he was so prominent an actor, and calling for for- 

 giveness for allowing himself to be deceived. On this 

 occasion, the provisional presidency has ceased to have 

 so much significance, but still some difficulties have oc- 

 curred on political grounds. The senior member, M. 

 Gras-Preville,a legitimist, has absented himself, because 

 he will not be made the orgnn of the Chamber, in offer- 

 ing congratulations to Loui^-Philippe, and M. Dupont 

 de l'Eureis also absent, because he partakes of M. Laf- 



— w,...^,.„ „i "wiwuai uuarus, logemer witn 

 d number of troop*, lined the quays on the 

 of their Majesty s.— In corsequence of the meet- 



ritte's feelings of disappointment at the course followed 

 by the Government founded by the Revolution of July. 

 M. Sapey is the next oldes member, and he would, it 

 was supposed, be chosen. The nomination of the defi- 

 nitive president of the Chamber was to take place on the 

 27th. The struggle will be between two candidates, 

 M. Sauzet and M. Dupin, the first of whom will have the 

 support of the Ministry, and the second, though a Con- 

 servative, the support of the Opposition. It is still sup- 

 posed that M. Salvandy will be put in nomination by the 

 Mole party, but it is more probable that he will retire 

 before the day of election, or that, at all events, he will 

 not go to the final ballot. It is generally thought that 

 M. Sauzet will be the successful candidate. The first 

 important matter to be brought before the Chamber after 

 the speech from the throne, and generally the first test of 

 the strength of parties, is the nomination of the com- 

 mittee to draw up the address in answer to the royal 

 speech. It is generally believed that this operation 

 will take place on the 31st inst. The Ministry are 

 anxious to hurry on this part of the business, in 

 order to prevent the divisions and difficulties which 

 might result from delay. The subjects to be introduced 

 into the King's speech have been looked forward to with 

 some interest. The speech, it is said, has been written 

 by M. Guizot, who is represented as being secure of his 

 position for at least another year. At a Parliamentary 

 dinner of his adherents on Monday, given by M. Guizot, 

 he is said to have declared, " That they were in no ways 

 uneasy at the proposed combined attacks, as they were 

 prepared for all that the Opposition could do. They 

 had no subjects of uneasiness in their home policy; and 

 as to foreign matters, he was prepared with the fullest 

 answers."— Some surprisehas been occasioned in Paris by 

 the announcement that the Reine Blanche frigate, with 

 Adm. Dupetit Thouars on board, has been seen off the 

 Azores, and is hourly expected at Cherbourg. The 

 whole population of that town immediately resolved upon 

 giving him a grand reception, and the National Guard, 

 at the risk of being disbanded, determined on turning 

 out to do him honour, and present him with a crown of 

 laurels. This news, if true, is more likely to revive the 

 hostility to England in which the French press indulged 

 last summer, than any other that could be imagined. It 

 was also reported on Monday that letters had been re- 

 ceived from Admiral Dupetit Thouars from Rio, in which 

 the admiral speaks of his having been informed of the 

 disavowal of his conquest of Tahiti, and of the sensation 

 which this act, upon the part of the Government, had 

 created in France. The admiral, it is said, writes 

 in moderate terms of the disavowal, declaring that he 

 had only done what he considered his duty, but that 

 the Government was the be*t and only judge as to 

 whether the sovereignty should be received or not. He 

 declares that he will not receive the sword of state, 

 for which la Jeune France has subscribed in his favour, 

 which he considers a slur upon the act of the Govern- 

 ment, and he expresses his regret that the subject should 

 have given rise to such strong party feeling at home. 

 — It is reported in some of the Opposition papers that 

 King Leopold's presence in Paris had suggested the 

 renewal of negotiations for a treaty of commerce between 

 Belgium and France, but there seems to be little found- 

 ation for the statement. — A curious instance has occurred 

 to show the insecurity of the streets of Paris at the 

 present moment, and the wretched state of the police. 

 M. Lehon, the son of the late Belgian ambassador in 

 Paris, had alighted from his carriage at his own door, in 

 the Rue Castiglione, at 9 in the evening, but before 

 he could knock was attacked by thieves, and not only 

 robbed, but severely beaten. This is but one of the 

 numberless robberies which have recently taken place in 

 the most public and populous parts of Paris. 



Spain. — We have accounts from Madrid to the 19th 

 inst. The Chamber of Deputies on the 17th approved of 

 the report of the committee of both Chambers, author- 

 ising the Government to promulgate the organic laws it 

 had applied for. In the sitting of the 18th, the Chamber 

 commenced the discussion on the bill to authorise the 

 conversion of the debt proceeding from contracts into 

 Three per Cent, stock. M. Burgos, the first speaker, 

 without opposing the bill, observed, that the Minister 

 did not appear to have adopted measures to insure the 

 liquidation of the new burdens about to be imposed on 

 the Treasury ; that a change in the tributary syatem was 

 indispensable, /or otherwise it was to be feared, that 

 in the present state of the revenues and debt of Spain, 

 the dividends on the Three per Cents, might cease to 

 be paid, which would occasion a revolution that no 

 po*er could avert. The Minister of Finance replied, that 

 there need be no apprehension for the non-payment of 

 the interest of the Three per Cents.; that the Govern- 

 ment had employed a very simple and well-known mode 

 by which to insure that payment, having concluded an 

 arrangement with the bank of San Fernando for the 

 liquidation of the six months' interest due on the 31st 

 inst., as well as the two dividends of June and December, 

 18 45— an arrangement highly advantageous to the state, 

 since it only cost 6 per cent, per annum and a modrrate 

 commission. The Minister justified other measures of 

 his administration and his operations with the bank for 

 the collection of the revenues, and declared, that in a tew 

 days he would present to the Chamber a plan which 

 would provide the means of fulfilling all the obligations 

 of the state in a more complete manner than hud been 

 done since 1824. Several Deputies subsequently 

 addressed the house for and against the bill ; and the 

 general discussion having been closed, the debate on the 

 articles was to commence on the 19th. M. D. tioso 

 Cortes had tendered his resignation of the post of Pnvajj| 



Secretary to the Queen, in consequence of some personal 

 difference with General Narvaez. Her Majesty, how- 

 ever, had refused to accept it. M. Cortinez is spoken of 

 as the successor of General Ferroz, who has been dis- 

 missed from the Presidency of the Supreme Court of Ma- 

 rine and War for declaring that the proceedings in the 

 case of Colonel Rengifo were illegal. Fresh orders had 

 just been issued for the careful guarding of the coast, and 

 a division of troops was about to be marched to the fron- 

 tier of Portugal, whence some attack on the part of the 

 revolutionists or Esparterists seemed to be apprehended. 

 On the 9th, Generals Prim, Ramirez, and Espi- 

 nosa were transferred to Fort Santa Catalonia, Cadiz, 

 where they will remain until the man-of-war des- 

 tined to convey them to the Philippine Inlands is 

 ready. — The Phare of Bayonne, of the 20th, states that 

 M. Capdevila, a merchant at Rosas, and performing 

 the functions of Vice-Consul of England at that port, 

 has been arrested by order of the Captain-General of 

 Catalonia, and sent under escort to Barcelona, on a 

 charge, it is said, of complicity in a plot to arouse the 

 Lampurdan to insurrection against the Government. — 

 The Journals contain accounts from various parts of 

 Spain, which concur in representing the weather as ex- 

 cessively cold, and expressing the fear that the winter will 

 prove as severe as that of 1829. — Accounts had been re- 

 ceived at Irun on the 20th inst. of the death of General 

 Jauregui (El Pastor) at Vittoria, who had rendered essen- 

 tial service to the national cause during the war <»f inde- 

 pendence. The Opposition print, El Clamor Publico, 



publishes a list of individuals who have been shot for 

 political offences in Spain from December 1, 1843, to 

 December 13, 1844. This document will form a melan- 

 choly conclusion to our summaries of Spanish history 

 during the past year. It contains no less than 

 nineteen articles, each recording executions by some 

 one or other of the Ministerial Generals:—!. In the 

 Barrack of San Francisco, General Narvaez being present, 

 three Serjeants, a corporal, and a soldier, 5 ; "2. By the 

 Captain-General of Galicia, Feb. 21, 1844, a peasant, 1 ; 

 3. By General Roncali, at Villafranca, Feb. 14, 1844, 

 seven officers, 7; 4. By General Roncali, at Alicante, 

 Mar. 11, 1844, officers and peasants, 24; 5. In Galicia, 

 Mar. 13, 1844,4; 6. By General Roncali, Mar. 13, 

 1844, 3 ; 7, By General Roncali, the unfortunate secre- 

 tary Garrido, Mar. 20, 1844, 1 ; 8. By the Baron de 

 Meer, at Barcelona, Mar. 23, 1844, 4 ; 9. By the Baron 

 de Meer, in Upper Catalonia, April 23, 1844,6; 10. 

 By General Villalonga, in the Maestrazgo, shot in cold 

 blood, after being made prisoners, besides those who fell 

 in the field, July I, 1844, 120; 11. By General B.eton 

 at Saragossa, suspected of having been implicated in the 

 shooting of Estella, July 13, 1844, 3; 12. By General 

 Breton, at Caspe, July 16, 1844, three officers, 3 ; lo. 

 By the Baron de Meer, at Barcelona, suspected of being 

 engaged in the Theatre conspiracy, Nov. 1844, 4 ; 14. 

 By the Baron de Meer, Capt. Sanjust, Nov. 1844, 1; 

 15. In Nov. 1844, at Valencia, two officers, 2 ; 16. In 



N 



19. At the same places, Dec. 13, 1844, 3 ; 

 Accounts from Lisbon inform us that 



ID 



Arag 



the same, 12 ; 



Total 214. 



Portugal. ... , ... . ... 



the Queen prorogued the Cortes on the 14th inst. with 

 a speech from the throne. The improvement of the 

 finances formed the chief topic of the speech, which. was 

 ver, brief, and alluded but slightly to the late di.turb- 

 auces. The project of a law had been introd need by 

 Ministers into the Chamber of Deputies for ««*» 

 tion of the conservatorial privileges of fore.gne s m 

 Portugal, having especial reference to the pr.-'lege 

 hitherto enjoyed by English residents. '-" ">e last 



treaty it was agreed that these privileges should be wi 

 pended, so long as the Constitutional system exited, and 

 Englishmen in Portugal enjoyed the •«"/££ 

 tion as Portuguese in England from trie! by: W 

 and other legal institutions. The discussion • «f hs 

 project was interrupted by the closing of theses 

 sion ; but there is no doubt of its being '«£»«. 

 and that the measure will be made law ea y n the 

 ensuing session. A ?.ropos of this subject ,. tb . caaerf 

 Mr. Tozer, of which frequent mention has been made, 

 as illustrative of the trifling with the liberty .ottto ^'M 

 and the delays which prevail in the adm.n.st rati^ u o t the 

 law in Portugal. This gentleman was a length tried 

 before the Criminal Tribunal of the BntuhCon* erva 

 tcrial Court in Oporto on the 11th mst, -hen the jury 

 unanimously declared the charges not proved nu 

 judge acquitted the accused. Mr. Tozer has therelore 

 suffered 240 days of unjust imprisonment. 



BEi.GIUM.-Tbe commercial W.°&^Z3a 

 Belgian Government with the Zollvereiu has been v a-i 



by "the Chamber of Deputies by a \"g°>W ^ ° or 

 only after a debate which kept the Min » try f «««« ^ 

 10 days. The treaty, it is sa.d, would have 1 been mo 

 powerfully opposed but for the general w .H»M« £a 

 having been signed and ratified by ^.^•*?g£j , t t f 

 could not refuse their sanction «*«Mf*$JtU.* 

 relations qf the country with iore.gn P°?««- ?£ con . 

 standing this result, a Ministerial modification 



^GermIS -Account, from Berlin of the 14th st.« 

 *SSS*£ 'he regicide Tschecb who , at e mpt ^o 

 assassinate the King of Prussia, was executed a o{ 



dau where he had been conveyed under an esc . 

 cavalry. The King had remitted that part rf nu •« 

 tence which stated that he was to be broken on ^ 

 wheel, and commuted it into simple decap.t.t.on. 



»g> 



it is well known, was anxious to have sp 



the 

 The 



ared hi* 



