1899.] ATN-TIPATHABIAN COBALS OF MADEIRA. 817 



which may possibly have been of this species or a jonng St. gracilin, 

 in these terms : " Antipathes simplicissima, elongata, filiformis, 

 longitudinaliter sexcostata, costis echinatis. Long. 35 mm." 

 Hah. Madeira. 



Gren. Leiopathes (G-ray), Brook. 



Corallum much branched ; stem and thicker branches polishe 

 spineless, ultimate branches bearing very small and distant spines. 

 Polyps on all sides of the branches, with 12 mesenteries in the 

 oral cone, 6 below ; tentacles six. 



Leiopathes glabereima (Esper), M.-Edw. 



Corallum branching on all sides, forming a bush ; stem and 

 main branches thick ; branchlets springing nearly at right angles 

 from opposite sides of the branch subalternately ; spines on the 

 ultimate branchlets very short, conical compressed, at right angles 

 to the branch. 



This species has been found in the Mediterranean, and it is 

 believed to be the only Old "World antipatharian that occurs in the 

 West Indies. A fine specimen, 150 ceutim. (4 ft. 11 in.) and 80 

 centim. (31 in.) through, was obtained off Seixal, a village on the 

 N.W. coast of Madeira, and has been placed in the Seminario 

 Museum, Eunchal. It is destitute of its base ; the stem below the 

 first branch is only 12 millim. thick. There are two main branches 

 which run to a great length and in their lower parts are almost as 

 thick as the stem. These and the secondary branches are strongly 

 and irregularly sinuous, and with the ultimate branchlets form a 

 round bush. The branchlets are very fine and hair-like, and are 

 set with short, broad, conical upright spines at irregular distances 

 apart, not in rows or whorls. The stem and main branches are 

 black, smooth, and shining. Nowhere is there any fusion of the 

 branches. The branches were thickly covered with polyps of a 

 warm brown colour. The tentacles were subulate in form and 

 much longer than the body. 



Several other specimens of a smaller size have occurred from 

 time to time. It was remarkable that not a single organism of 

 any kind had established itself parasitically on any part of the 

 large specimen, a great contrast with Aplianipathes ivollastoni 

 when it is brought up to the surface. 



Hah. Madeira, Mediterranean, W. Indies. 



Leiopathes expassa, sp. n. (Fig. I., p. 818.) 



Much branched in one plane or in parallel planes to the sixth 

 degree of subdivision. Stem and branches elliptical in section, jet- 

 black, polished, bent into irregular zigzags, the branches being 

 thrown off alternately on opposite sides. All the branches arise 

 almost at right angles from the parent branches at a distance 

 from each other. The ultimate branchlets are very slender, hair- 



