1006 MESSES, B. C. A. WINDLE AKD F. G, PAKSOXS 0?r [DeC. 19, 



slips are given off to all live toes. The tendon is joined in the 

 sole by a slip from the tibialis posticus accessorius. 



Fopliteu8. — In the Bradypotlidce (1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 10), Myrmeco- 

 pliayicUe (12, 14, 17, 19, 20), and Manidoe (29, 32, 33, 34) this 

 muscle is large, occupying the upper half of the tibia ; its origin 

 is from the outer condyle, and a sesamoid cartilage or bone is 

 developed in its tendon. In the Oryeteropodklce (35, 36) its 

 insertion is singularly extensive, but no sesamoid is mentioned as 

 having been observed. In Dasypus (22, 23) two tendons of origin 

 were noticed, the anterior and larger coming from the outer side 

 of the condyle and the external semilunar cartilage, the posterior 

 and smaller from the posterior part of the condyle. In Tatusia 

 (25) and Chlamydophonis (27, 28, 28a) this double origin was not 

 seen. In no member of the Dasypodidce was a sesamoid cartilage 

 observed. The Edentata are characterized, as an order, by the 

 large size of their popliteus. 



Tibialis posticus. — In the Bradypodidce this muscle is single 

 and small ; it usually rises from the middle or lower part of the 

 shaft of the tibia, and is inserted into the entocuneiform bone. 

 In the other families (Myrmecophagidce, Dasypodidce, Manidce, and 

 Orycteropodidce) the muscle is usually double, the more external 

 being inserted into the navicular or sometimes the entocuneiform, 

 whilst the other is often larger and passes to the tibial ossicle on 

 the inner side of the foot. This additional tibialis posticus is 

 called by Galton tibialis posticus secundus, and by Hyrtl tibialis 

 posticus accessorius. 



Accessorius. — In the Bradypodidce this muscle is always well 

 developed. Humphry states that in Cholcepug (9) and Bradypus 

 (2) it was continuous with the tendon of the soleus. We have 

 carefully dissected both these animals, but found no connection 

 whatever between the two muscles, nor have other observers 

 described it. In the Myrmecophayida; (11, 14, 15, 17, 20) and 

 Manidce (29, 32, 33) it rises as usual from the lower surface of the 

 calcaneum, and is inserted into the conjoined deep flexors in the 

 sole. In Myrmecojjhaga (11) it is especially large. In (12) it 

 gives off a special slip to the hallux tendon. In the Dasypodidce 

 (22, 23, 25, 27) there is no muscular accessorius, but its place is 

 taken by the fibrous band which binds the great sesamoid bone o£ 

 the sole of the foot to the under surface of the calcaneum. In the 

 Orycteropodidce (35, 36) the muscle is also replaced by tendinous 

 bands from the calcaneum to the outer side of the long flexor 

 tendons. 



Lumbricahs. — In the Brad ypodidce we found no lumbricales in our 

 specimens of Bradypus (1) and Choloepus (8), and their presence 

 is not mentioned by other observers. In Tamandua (14) and 

 Cyclothurvs (17), among the Myrmecophagidce, they \Aere not seen, 

 but Galton in another specimen of Cyclothnrus found three. In 

 Myrmecophaga (12) there were four. The Dasypodidcs (22, 25, 27) 

 always have at least four lumbricales, and in one specimen of 

 Dasypus (23) Galton describes seven. In the Manidce (29, 32, 34) 



