1898.] MYOLOGY OF THE TERRESTRIAL CARIS^ITORA. 169 



the internal fabella : in one specimen of Froci/on lotor (63) it 

 was present, in another (64) it was not. In Nasua fusca (69) 

 there were two fabellse, while in ^asua narica (68) only the outer 

 one was seen. Among the Mustelidae no fabellae at all were 

 found in Mustela foina (79) and Lutra cinerea (93), but in 

 Galictis harhara (76), Mustela initorius (77), Mustela foina (80), 

 Ictonyx (84), Meles (85), and Lutra (88) there was an often ill- 

 marked one in the outer head. In the specimen of Lutra (88) 

 which we dissected the two heads were separate almost as far as 

 their insertion and resembled very much the condition found in 

 Castor (XLI.). 



The Plantaris rises from the external condyle of the femur and 

 the external fabella, and winds round the inner side of the tendo 

 Achillis till it reaches the calcaneum ; it then usually spreads out 

 into a broad expansion which plays round the posterior surface of 

 the tuberosity of that bone until it reaches the foot, wbere it is 

 continuous with the flexor breads digitorum and the plantar fascia. 

 Shepherd, in his specimen of Ursus americanus (59), found that 

 the tendon was inserted into the tuber calcis as in man. Watson 

 describes the same arrangement in Hyana crocuta (37), but in no 

 other animals is it recorded. 



Soleus. — This muscle rises from the back of the head of the 

 fibula ; it is usually a small muscle and in many cases is absent. 

 As a rule it joins the tendo Achillis in the lower third of the leg, 

 but in some cases is inserted directly into the calcaneum. In the 

 Felidse and Yiverridse the muscle is present and answers the above 

 description — Felis leo (1), Fclis tigris (4), Fells pardus (6), Felis 

 pardalls (8), Cryptoprocta (13, 14), Viverra (16, 17), Viverricula 

 (19), Genetta (20, 22, 24), Paradoxurus (25, 26), Her2Msfes (29, 30), 

 and Cynictis (31). Proteles in this respect differs from the Viverridae. 

 The Hyaenidse and Canidse, with which Proteles (32) agi-ees, are 

 remarkable for the total absence of the soleus — Proteles (32), 

 Hyaena striata (33, 34, 35, 36), Hycfna crocuta (37), Oanis fami- 

 liaris (39, 40, 43, 44, 45, 46, 48), Canis aureus (50, 50 a), C'anis 

 mesomelas (51), Canis lagopus (53), and Lycaon pictas (54). In 

 the Ursidte, Procyonidse, and Mustehdse the soleus is present with 

 the exception of the Otter, in which it seems to be sometimes absent : 

 for instance it was absent in our own specimen (88). while in 

 Haughton's (92) it only weighed 0*01 oz. ar. ; in two other speci- 

 mens (90, 93) it was present and well marked. 



Popliteus. — This muscle, which is very constant in the mam- 

 malian series, rises from the outer side of the external condyle of 

 the femur and is inserted into the upper third or half of the inner 

 border of the tibia. It was present in every animal examined, and 

 frequently contained a sesamoid bone in its tendon of origin. 

 Perrin (XXIX.) notices that in Cercoleptes (74) the anterior tibial 

 artery passed above and then in front of it : we found the same 

 arrangement in a Dog (40), but unfortunately the relations of the 

 artery and muscle have not been observed in any other case. 



Flexor Jihularis {F. longus liallucis). — This rises from the upper 



