530 ME. J. STAITLEy GARDINER ON FtlNGID [J'utie 21, 



beiug separated by the upgrowth of a wall between the septa 

 connecting the axial fosste. The septa are not confluent in 

 TicJwseris, but lie opposite to one another, ^\■hile in P. Intermedia 

 over the highest ridges and in P. calicifera generally they are 

 almost completely separated, being joined over the walls only 

 by their small spines. The columella in P. intermedia is visible 

 from the surface as a small spine ; in P. calicifera it is very deep, 

 with usually no spine ; and in Tlchoseris it is very rudimentary. 

 In all it appears to be a true columella and is joined by trabeculse to 

 the septal edges. The synapticula gradually decrease in size from 

 P. repens, in which they are very abundant ; in Tlchoseris they are 

 " distant, being generally rather thick interseptal outgrowths of 

 the upper part of the wall," — almost precisely the same condition 

 as in P. calicifera, where they are only found near the wall. 

 The septa, further, in all the species are almost precisely similar in 

 their arrangement and spines. 



For the above reasons I consider that the genus TicJioseris must 

 be absorbed in the genus Pavonia. 



1. Patonia ditaricata Lamarck. 



Pavonia divaricata, Lamarck, Hist, des Anim. sans Vert. t. ii. 

 p. 240 (1816). 



Pavonia divaricata, Dana, Zooph. p. 327, pi. xxii. fig. 6. 



Three specimens, apparently from the same clump at Eotuma, 

 and some fragments have been referred to this species, from M'hich 

 P. minor, Briiggemann, does not seem to be distinct. 



Eotuma ; deep pool in outer reef by SoJkopi. Wakaya, Fiji ; 

 lagoon reef. 



2. Patonia cristata Ellis and Solander. 



Madrepora cristata, Ellis and Solander, Zooph. p. 158, tab. xxxi. 

 figs. 3, 4 (1786). 



Madrepora boletiformis, Esper, Pflanz., Ports. Th. i. p. 61, tab. Ivi. 

 (1797). 



Pavonia clecussata, Dana, Zooph. p. 329, pi. xxii. fig. 4. 



LopJioseris cristata, Edwards and Haime, Cor. iii. p. 66. 



I have referred a number of fronds to this species, some of 

 which closely resemble Dana's figure of P. deciissata, Avhile others 

 approximate more to Esper's figure of M. holetifm-mis, and others, 

 again, are much more subdivided at their free edges and crispate. 



The septa in the different specimens vary greatly in thickness, 

 but large and small always alternate. In the more crispate 

 fronds the large septa are very tliin with almost smooth sides, and 

 the small septa are often indistinguishable, while in the flatter 

 fronds the former are thick Math rough sides and the latter are 

 quite distinct. If the septa, however, in a camera lucida drawing 

 of a few calices of a crispate frond are thickened, as would 

 naturally occur with increased age, the arrangement in both 

 forms is seen to be precisely similar. In some fronds the calices 



