1898.] COBALS FROM THE SOTTTH PACIFIC. 531 



tend to be somewhat circumscribed, but generally they lie in rows 

 nearly parallel to the free edges. 



The vertical keels mentioned by Edwards and Haime are not, 

 I think, of any specific importance ; one of the fronds shows their 

 formation by the fusion of the edges of tAAO of the crisped ends, 

 the septa later, as growth proceeds, becoming secondarily con- 

 tinuous over them. 



Rotuma ; deep pool in outer reef by Solkopi. 



3. Pavonia frondifera Lamarck. 



Pavonia frondifera, Lamarck, Hist, des Anim. sans Vert. t. ii. 

 p. 241 (18i6). 



Pavonia frondifera, Dana, Zoopli. p. 328. 



There are two fronds -which closely correspond to the descrip- 

 tions of this species, but which may perhaps belong to the last. 

 The synapticular separations of the calices are not so broad as in 

 P. cristata, and the fronds are much thinner and more dehcate. 



Wakaya, Fiji ; outer reef. 



4. Patonia eepbns Briiggemann. (Plate XLIV. fig. 2.) 

 Pavonia repens, Briiggemann, Abh. nat. Ver. zu Bremen, Bd. v. 



p. 395, Taf. vii. fig. 1 (1878). 



Pavonia repens, Klunziuger, Die Korall. des Eoth. Meeres, p. 75, 

 Taf. ix. fig. 3. 



There are four specimens of this species, which is well marked 

 by its long valleys, meandering oyer the whole of the colony. 

 The walls are very much thickened below, making the whole 

 corallum very dense and almost obliterating the cavities of the 

 calices. The corallum is in places 2-3 cm. thick. 



Funafuti ; outer reef (fairly common to leeward) and lagoon 

 shoals. 



5. Pavonia intermedia, n. sp. (Plate XLIV. fig. 3.) 



Corallum primarily incrusting, then massive with the upper 

 smi'ace very irregular, often raised up into knobs and hillocks ; 

 edge sometimes free for a few mm. and covered apparently by an 

 epitheca. 



The axial fossa; are usually deep and surrounded by very steep 

 radiating septa, leading up to the summits of the walls. Budding 

 takes place anywhere over the septa, fission rarely occurring. 

 Commonly about 4 low septa extend from the new axial fossa 

 to the old calicular fossa. Soon, however, these grow up to the 

 height of the calicular wall, and an imperforate wall is built 

 up between them, completely separating the new calice except over 

 its summit. Before the latter occurs, other buds are generally 

 formed from the parent polyp, so that often 3 to 6 distinct fossaj 

 are found in the same valley, which, however, is always bounded 

 on all sides by a wall, thin at the surface but much thicker below, 

 so that the corallum is very dense and heavy. 



In the smallest circumscribed calices 12 or 14 septa can be 



