1898.] 



PLANKTON OE THE PAEROB OHATSTKEL. 



559 



safelv be assigned to S. glacialis, and am strongly inclined to 

 consider that S. scoticus must be relegated to the synonymy of that 

 species. 



In all 15 specimens were obtained on the ' Research.' 



'■ 13 e is suspected of having closed nearer to the surface than the depth here 

 recorded ; till all its contents have been identified, it is to be regarded as 

 doubtful.— G. H. F. 



Many of these specimens have been more or less injured, but 

 all can be clearly associated with the series which I have described. 

 Griinther, Collett, and Goode and Bean agree in regarding S. glaci- 

 cdis as a truly bathybial species ; but Dr. Fowler's self-closing net 

 furnishes us with the first certain evidence of its vertical 

 distribution. It extends evidently to at least 350 fath., the 

 specimen taken at 480 to 350 fath. being one of the most 

 advanced of the series (fig. 1). This latter specimen enables us 

 to add S. qldcialis to the British list, the locality lying within 

 Norman's British Area (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 1890, v. p. 345). 

 All the other specimens occurred just outside this area as did also 

 the 'Triton' specimens (*S'. scoticus) ; the latter were taken in the 

 Faeroe Channel " partly with a surface-net at night, partly with 

 the tow-net, which with a line of 350 and 600 fathoms was 

 worked at various depths" in the Cold Area. 



S. glacialis is known from the Northern coasts of Norway, 

 coast of Greenland, Arctic Ocean, and various localities in the 

 American North Atlantic. 



[With regard to the vertical distribution of this species, — in the 

 first place, it appears to be essentially a cold-water form. Collett '■ 

 records it as having been taken by the ' Voringen ' once " found 

 floating," and once (three specimens) from 1110 fathoms west of 

 Hammerfest. Previously to this expedition it had been known 

 only from Greenland and Northern Norway. It has since been 

 taken by the ' Blake '^ at considerable depths only, off the coasts of 

 New England and South Carolina, in the cold undertow which 

 passes under the Gulf Stream and whose upper edge forms the 

 Labrador current and its continuation southward. 



' Norweg. North Atlantic Esped., Fishes, p. 112. 

 '^ Goode & Bean : Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, x. p. 222 (1883). 



37* 



