1898.] osTEOioGY or the impennes. 987 



0. Anterior face of tarso-metatarsus (proximal end) markedly depressed or 

 scooped out ; interosseous metatarsal foramina small. 



a'. Inner intermetatarsal groove very shallow, outer deep ; ectocnemial crest 

 small, directed outwards ; eeto- and entocnemial crests not enclosing 

 a deep gorge as in A'ptenodytes ; ecto- and entocalcaneal crests 

 moderately developed Catai-rhactes. 



b'. Inner and outer intermetatarsal grooves deep and long ; inner and 

 middle metatarsals laterally compressed, with a distinct tubercle for 

 the tibialis anticus ; ento- and ectocnemial crests enclosing a deep but 

 short gorge Spheniscus. 



c'. Intermetatarsal grooves distinct ; ento- and ectocnemial crests slightly 

 developed, enclosing a narrow and not very deep gorge . . Eudyptes. 



xi. List oe the principal Woeks eeferred to and consulted. 



1. Beddard, r. E. — ' Structure and Classification of Birds,' 



1898, p. 396. 



2. Brandt, J. — " Beit, zur Kennt. des Naturgesch. Vogel." V. 

 Abth. p. 213. Mem. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersb. \\. 

 pt. 2, 1839. 



3. CouES, E. — " Materials for a Monograph of the Spheniscidse 

 (II.)." Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 1871-2, p. 181. 



4. CouES, E. — " Osteological Notes." Proc. Bost. Soc. xiv. p. 251, 

 1872. 



5. EiLHOL. — " Observ. relatives aux Caracteres osteol. Especes 



d! Eudyptes et Sphemsms." Bull. Soc. Philom. (7) vi. p. 226, 

 1882-3. 



6. EtJRBRiNGER, M. — ' Untersuch, zur Morphol. und Syst. der 

 Vdgel,' 1888, p. 1588. 



7. Gadow, IL— 'Bronn's Thier-Eeich,' Bd. vi. Vogel, 1891, 



Anatom. Theil. 



8. G-ADOW, H.— Ibid., Systematisch. Theil, 1893. 



9. Gervais et Alix. — " Osteologie et Myologie des Manchots 

 ou Spheniscides." Journ. de Zool. vi. 1877, p. 433. 



10. Grant, W. E. O.— " Impennes." Catal. Birds Brit. Mus. 

 1898, xxvi. p. 623. 



11. Huxlet, T. H.— " On the Classification of Birds." P. Z. S. 



1867. 



12. Ltdekker, E.— ' Cat. Eoss. Birds Brit. Mus.' 1891, 



13. Menzbier, M. t. — " Yergleicheude Osteologie der Pinguine." 

 Bull. Soc. Imper. Natur. de Moscou, 1887. 



14. Pxcraet, W. p. — A communication concerning the Avian 



mesopterygoid. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, no. lt. p. Iviii, 1898. 



15. Pycraft, W. p. — " Contributions to the Osteology of Birds. 



Part I. Steganopodes." P. Z. S. 1898, p. 86. 



16. PyoRAFT, W. P.—' Catal. Birds Brit, Mus.' vol. xxvi. 1898, 

 p. 623. 



17. Eeid. — "Anatomical Description of the Patagonian Penguin." 



P. Z. S. 1835, p. 132. 



18. Watson, M. — ' Eeport on the Anatomy of the Spheniscidae.' 

 Voy. Chall. Exped. vol. vii., 1883. 



65* 



