1898,] 



AW ANTHROPOID APE. 



991 



outlines are carefully traced from photographs, wiU serve to recall 

 some of those specimens. I would direct somewhat special notice 

 to the representation of " Johanna," the large ape at Messrs. Barnum 

 and Bailey's World's Show. I have made some measurements of 

 this animal, and hope to be permitted to communicate them at a 

 future meeting. 



12 3 4 



Outline tracings of the heads of various Apes. 



No. 1. Head of a female Gorilla, a stuffed specimen in the Natural History 

 Museum at Hamburg. 



No. 2. Head of a Chimpanzee with ears of considerable size. 



No. 3. Head of a Chimpanzee with smaUer ears. 



No. 4. Head of Johanna: from a photograph of the Hying animal. 



No. 5. Head of the Ape " A," at Cambridge. 



No. 6. Head of Aubry's Chimpanzee : from the illustration in the original 

 memoir, ' Nouvelles Archives du Museum.' 



No. 7. Head of an Ape described by Hartmann in the 'Archiv fiir Auatomie,' 

 1876. In Hartmann's paper it appears as No. 1 in the illustrations, 

 and is therefore referred to as Hartmann's example No. 1. The 

 figures Nos. 2 & 3 of the present illustration are taken from the same 

 communication by Hartmann. 



No. 8. Head of Mafuka : from Miitzel's drawing. 



In studying the creatures represented in the diagram, I paid 

 special attention to certain facial features, and in fact, with two 

 exceptions (Nos. 3 & 4), all the examples are drawn to scale in 

 such a way that the facial length is constant throughout the 

 series — a method of illustration which possesses obvious advan- 

 tages in enabling comparisons to be made. The variety of profile 

 met with in these animals is the principal point illustrated by this 

 diagram. 



I next proceeded to consider measurements of the face and ears, 

 the data being represented in Table II. (p. 992) and being provided 

 by records (in the cases of specimens " Au.," " Maf.," " Liib. H," 

 " Liib. W," and " Den."), by spirit-specimens (viz., " B," " A," 

 " Cy," " Cr," " H," " T," all at Cambridge), by " Johanna," and by 

 a stuffed specimen at Hamburg (" Hamb."). 



