On the use of Anthracite in Blacksmiths'' Shops. 303 



skeleton of silex, and offers, while hot, a feeble color of iron. From 

 the foregoing experiments with regard to the fusion of the Paris 

 Tourmalines, it is inferred, that they belong to the first of the three 

 groups into which M. Gmelin has divided the present species: viz. 

 the Tourmalines which contain Lithia 5 since this class is remarkable 

 for its resistance to fusion, alone, before the blowpipe. 



Note. — Since the foregoing notice was in type, I have received in- 

 formation of the existence of several Tourmalines, in the Imperial 

 Cabinet of Vienna, which leads to the opinion that the Paris locality, 

 had been visited at a period, considerably anterior to that given above 

 for its first discovery. In a letter from Baron Lederer, (which I 

 mention by permission,) he remarks, — "I was present at the open- 

 ing of the cases of Minerals belonging to the collection of the de- 

 ceased Mr. Vander Null, which was purchased by the Imperial 

 Cabinet at Vienna. These cases had not been opened several years 

 previously. In them, were a few loose Tourmalines, exactly like 

 those from Paris in Maine, so that I supposed they were from that 

 place. They were labelled 'America,'' — not Paris." 



If these crystals were from the present locality, they were no doubt 

 from the cavity above described ; and I can only suggest, to account 

 for their early transportation out of the country, that they might have 

 been picked up by some pioneer or surveyor, at a time when little 

 attention was paid to such objects in this country, and so very natural- 

 ly have found iheir way into Europe, and into the hands of one of 

 its most active Mineralogists. 



Art. XIII . — On the use of Anthracite in Blacksmiths' Shops; by 

 G. Jones, Tutor in Yale College. 



In a recent visit to Mauch Chunk and the vallies of Wyoming and 

 Lackawana, I was struck with the universal employment of anthracite 

 in the blacksmiths' shops of those regions, and with the strong terms 

 in which the workmen expressed their preference for it over every 

 other kind of coal. To use their own words — "they would not sub- 

 stitute charcoal, if it were brought and offered ihem for nothing, at 

 their doors." Though familiar with it in the grates of parlors and in 

 furnaces, on our sea-board, the present was a use to which I had not 

 hitherto seen it applied. I gave the subject some attention, and as 

 the results may be useful to the public will endeavor to offer them. 



