144 Prof. Johnson's Report 07i the Bradford Coal Field. 



" This ore has a brown or ochrey appearance, and bein^ taken from a 

 point at no great distance from the outcrop, has evidently undergone a 

 change from atmospheric influences. Its fracture is uneven, and its tex- 

 ture analogous to some of the argillaceous shales. Its specific gravity is 

 2.7256. It contains of hygrometric moisture, vaporizable at 320° Fah. 

 2 per cent. ; of water in combination, 4.8 per cent. ; metallic iron, 44 per 

 cent. ; earthy matter, 24.3. 



" The remaining four portions of the 10 feet bed, from which the pre- 

 ceding sample was taken, were examined, and found to yield different 

 quantities of iron, from 6 to 16 or 20 per cent. It is probable that in 

 working some of the other varieties of ore, portions of this 10 feet bed 

 vvill be found available as furnishing materials to promote the fusion and 

 facilitate the working of the richer descriptions, which do not contain a 

 sufficient quantity of earthy ingredients to produce a good cinder for the 

 protection of the iron in the hearth. 



" No. 4. This sample is from a stratum of iron ore and fire clay found 

 on Fall creek, at an elevation of about 46^ feet above the lower bed of 

 coal, or 1158 feet above the river. The bed of materials inwhich it oc- 

 curs, is 2 feet 6 inches thick, of which four inches at the bottom are fire 

 clay, the remaining portion iron shale, intermixed with flattened reniform 

 masses" of argillaceous carbonate of iron, and some carbonaceous matter 

 derived from fossil vegetable remains. The whole bed, together with the 

 superincumbent mass of coarse sandstone rock, or fine conglomerate, 

 appears to have fallen from place, and the situation was not therefore fa- 

 vorable for determining the real value of the bed. The sample submitted 

 to experiment, was a fair type of the ore in this bed ; but it should be ad- 

 ded, that all which we could conveniently obtain at this place, had under- 

 gone a change, and been reduced from carbonate to hydrate. Its specific 

 gravity was found to be 3.2113. 



It lost of hygrometric moisture, - - - 



Of combined water expelled by a full red heat, - 



Pig metal, - 



Earthy matter, ----- 



Oxygen, - - - 



100.0 

 " The pig metal is of good quality, soft, gray, and tough. The cinder 

 was imperfectly fused, but with 20 per cent, of lime, would probably be 

 fully reduced. 



" No. 5. This ore was discovered on the head waters of Long Valley 

 creek, in a decayed and broken down portion of the measures, in such a 

 situation as induces me to believe that its original place in the formation 

 is near the level of the lower bed of coal, probably a little above it. Its 

 color is brown, externally, and yellowish within ; it is evidently a hydrate, 

 formed by the decomposition of carbonate. Its specific gravity is 3.3604, 



