40 Remarks on the Formation of Fogs. 



Having now briefly illustrated at least one figure of each spe- 

 cies of artificial earth-works, embraced in a scope of country upon 

 both sides of the Wisconsin River five miles in width, and in 

 length fourteen miles, the river passing midway from one extreme 

 to the other ; and each figure having been the subject of careful 

 observation, being part of the result of more than twelve months 

 of incessant labor, in rambling in quest and taking admea- 

 surement of about a hundred figures ; an anxiety to embrace in 

 this article a variety, has extended the subject and prolonged its 

 completion much beyond what I at first had intended, but should 

 the matter contained in these pages in the least degree aid anti- 

 quarians in their researches in Indian archeology, I will be amply 

 rewarded. 



In conclusion, fearing that I should have gone too far in haz- 

 arding conjectures why or Iioav these antiquities are as they are, 

 I ventured to give no conclusive opinion, inasmuch as there have 

 already been too many wild speculations respecting many of them 

 throughout this vast region. I have endeavored only to represent 

 them as they really exist ; in doing this it became necessary to 

 take their dimensions in the field with a degree of accuracy, in 

 order that the description may in future serve when all traces of 

 the mounds are obliterated, (which in this fertile region will soon 

 be the case,) as a record of what once existed. The subject is a 

 dark one, and the word mystery seems stamped upon every foot- 

 track of those who primitively flourished here. We know not 

 whence they came — we know not where nor how they have de- 

 parted. A people has passed — a nation has gone away — their 

 history we know not, nor the history of their works. 



Forest of Richland, Wisconsin, July 31, 1842. 



Art. IV. — Remarks and Observations on the Formation of 

 Fogs; by Prof. W. M. Carpenter, M. D. 



Meteorologists, in examining into the causes which give rise 

 to the formation of visible vapor, seem generally to have con- 

 fined themselves almost exclusively to the theory of Hutton, con- 

 sidering it as incident upon the mixture of masses of air of differ- 

 ent temperatures, and to have neglected in a very great measure 

 the consideration of other causes. The intention of the follow- 



