AGRICULTURAL ADVANCK 



The Kalingas have made consider- 

 able advances in agriculture. They 

 build terraces on the mountain sides 

 and grow rice, which they cultivate 

 with great care. Yams are raised in 

 considerable quantity, and especial 

 pains are taken in tlie cultivation of 

 sugar-cane, from which is obtained 

 the basi, so dear to the heart of the 

 wild men of northern Luzon. 



THL IFUGAOS 



The Ifugaos, of whom there are 

 approximately 123,000, inhabit a rela- 

 tively small and excessively moun- 

 tainous region, which formerly con- 

 stituted the northwestern portion of 

 the province of Nueva Vizcaya, but 

 has now been made a subdivision of 

 the Mountain Province. They are 

 of rather small size and are wiry 

 rather than heavily muscled. The 

 men cut the hair in a manner peculiar 

 to the tribe, the result obtained being 

 that which would be had if a good 

 sized bowl were pressed well down 

 over the crown of the head and the 

 hair were shingled closely up to the 

 edge of the bowl. They tattoo their 

 chests and necks and sometimes their 

 thighs. Their tattoo patterns are en- 

 tirely different from those of the 

 Kalingas or the Bontoc Igorots, and 

 cover the skin much less thickly. 

 Women tattoo only the arms. ; 



SOMBER IN DRLSS 



The dress of both men and women 

 is as somber as that of the Kalingas 

 is gaudy. The men wear unorna- 

 mented clouts, but often carry small 

 cotton blankets, which they wrap 

 about their shoulders upon occasion. 

 Clouts are usually of a dark blue 

 color with or without a white or 

 small scarlet figure. Blankets are ; 

 black, dark blue, or blue and white. 

 Headmen wear belts fashioned from 

 the opercula of sea-shells. In bad 

 weather they also wear raincoats of 

 split rattan. 



The women wear excessively short ^ .„ . 

 skirts wrapped about the bodv far 



below the waist and often not ex- ^ young ifugao warrior ri- ady For thl Trail 

 tending more than half way to the Note his peculiar belt and his split rattan rain-coat, 

 knee. A fold in the upper part of his pipe, and earrings (see page 883) 



879 



