Miscellanies. 157 



crystals with double pyramids, sulphate of barytes, he. in the same 

 calciferous sandrock which reposes on the west side of the prim- 

 itive spur at Little Falls. 



Tuesday 6, 255 M. — Boat goes to Utica. 



Wednesday 7. — Students visit Trenton Falls on foot, about fifteen 

 miles north of Utica. The banks and bed of the west Canada 

 Creek, on which these falls are situated, are the shelly variety of the 

 metalliferous limestone, reposing on the encrinitic kind. The latter 

 may be seen passing under it three or four miles down the creek. 

 This place is famed for its enormous trilobites and orthocerites. It 

 extends to Sackett's Harbor, where the same petrifactions are found. 

 Thursday 8. — Students visit Starch Factory Falls, four miles south 

 of Utica. Here is a remarkably abrupt meeting of second gray- 

 wacke and millstone grit. On ascending this little creek we see the 

 grit pass under the red saliferous rock, that under the gray band va- 

 riety, and that under the ferriferous rocks. The last embrace all the 

 varieties of argillaceous iron ore, wrought in Westmoreland, &;c. 



Friday 9. — Fatigue and a damp and rainy season have brought 

 upon me a fever and inflammation of the lungs. I am compelled to 

 put up at a friend's house in Whitesborough. Prof. Edgerton of 

 Utica High School, formerly adjunct Professor in Rensselaer School, 

 takes my place as chief instructor, and the Rev. D. Brown as agent; 

 and at 5 P. M. the boat proceeds on the tour. Hereafter I depend 

 on the notes of the agent, teachers, and students ; but having travel- 

 ed through the whole rout four times, and reviewed important parts 

 of it very often, I am willing to be responsible for the remainder of 

 this journal. 



They collect millstone grit of the most perfect kind a mile west 

 of Oriskany : this rock appears in large boulders on the south side 

 of tlie canal — also in a ledge a little farther south. 



Saturday 10, 275 M. — Pass the village of Rome. The great 

 diluvial trough commenced several miles back, but it is most per- 

 fectly characterized here. It was perforated forty two feet, at this 

 place, at the expense of Mr. Van Rensselaer. Shells of the unio, 

 and hemlock trees [Pinus canadensis,) were found throughout all the 

 perforations. Ascending the side cut about a mile, they laid up the 

 -boat at Chiteningo Village, in front of the Polytechny School, with 

 the intention of spending the Sabbath here. Visiting the ledges of 

 lias, two miles from the village, they become acquainted with the pro- 

 cess of manufacturing the hydraulic cement. Here is the greatest 

 manufactory of this cement probably in the world. 



