200 Scientific Intelligence. 



miles of Amherst College. Of these, three hundred and ninety five 

 genera, and nine hundred and ninety seven species, are phenogamous 

 plants ; while one hundred and thirty six genera, and four hundred 

 and fifty species belong to the class Cryptogamia. 



11. Agenda Geognostica. 



Translated by Prof. Fiske, and communicated by Prof. Hitchcock, of Amherst. 

 A Help Book for travelling geologists, (mountain searchers,) and 

 Guide to Lecturers on practical Geognosy, by Prof. Leonhard, Hei- 

 dleberg, Germany. 



1 . Introduction. — Scientific preparation for a journey : ex. gr. stu- 

 dy of existing works, maps, collections, &c. — apparatus, mode of trav- 

 elling, time of journey, determination of bearings, and selection of 

 favorable points for observation, the collecting of specimens, diary, 

 profiles, and views, geological maps. 



2. Examination of the external relations and appearances of 

 mountains. — General and particular geographical relations of the 

 mountain to be examined ; direction, extent, height of hills and moun- 

 tains, their separation from, or connection with others. 



Physiognomic relations ; mountain structure in general and partic- 

 ular, direction and ramifications of chains, slopes, ridges, passes, 

 interruptions by valleys and plains, &;c. vegetation. 



Limits of snow, glaciers, fountains, rivers, lakes, seas, volcanos, 

 earthquakes. 



3. Examination of the internal structure and relations of hills and 

 mountains. — Existing rocks ; position, structure, relations, intermix- 

 tures, transitions, changes produced by the atmosphere. 



Division of rock masses, by stratification, by separation, by fissures. 



Stratified arrangement ; alluvium, diluvium, tertiary, secondary, 

 transition, primitive. 



JJnstratified arrangement ; granite, syenite, porphyry, &c. basalt, 

 dolerite, phonoiite, &c. trachyte, lava, recent volcanos, &c. 



MetalHc repositories ; veins and beds, excavations, precipices, 

 caves. 



4. Execution of a geognostic description. — The geological reader 

 will see that such an outline as this, filled up by so able a writer as 

 the Councellor Von Leonhard, must be an extremely valuable guide, 

 in the examination of rocks, and will only regret that so few observ- 

 ers in this country, will be profited by it, unless some one should 

 undertake its translation into Endish. 



