Noies on Ohio. 153 
set up in handsome brick buildings, erected for that pur= 
pose. 
One large steam mill, of thirty horse power, built of free 
stone, for the manufacture of flour; it has also attached to it, 
two machines for carding fine and coarse wool. There are 
also two other carding machines in the town, which are 
worked by horses; a brewery is now building, and will be 
in operation, in the course of the summer; and one or two 
rope walks are in constant operation. 
Boat building, including steam boats, is also carried ‘on to 
considerable extent in Marietta and the neighbourhood. 
The county of Washington, was the first organized county 
in the North Western Territory ; it then embraced princi- 
pally or quite all the inhabited part of the territory; it is 
now reduced to nearly constitutional limits; it extends, 
northward, on the Muskingum, 27 miles; and east and west, 
on the Ohio river, following the meanders thereof, 55 miles; 
it contains 448,000 acres, and is at present composed of the 
following townships, viz: Marietta, Unien, Adams, Water- 
ford, Watertown, Wesley, Barlow, Warren, Belpre, Fearing, 
Salem, Lawrence, Newport, and Grandview. 
The first court was held in September, 1788, by judges 
Parsons and Varnum. 
The settlement at Marietta, commenced the 7th April, 
1788. This was the first that was made in the county, and 
indeed in that tract of country which now constitutes the 
state of Ohio. This settlement was begun under the direc- 
tion of the Ohio Company. The emigrants were New-Eng- 
landers, from the states of Massachusetts, Rhode-Island, and 
Connecticut, forty-seven in number, and under the guidance 
and superintendence of General Rufus Putnam. Thatseason 
they planted 50 acres of corn, and built a stockaded fort, or 
garrison, on the elevated plain near the Muskingum river, of 
sufficient strength to bid defiance to any attack of the In- 
dians, should they prove hostile. Inthe summer and au- 
tumn they were joined by about twenty families; the first 
settlers, were principally revolutionary officers and soldiers, 
inured to fatigue, and habituated to danger. It was, I pre- 
sume, owing to these military habits, that they suffered so 
little from the attacks of the Indians, in the war which broke 
out the third year after their settlement commenced; being 
always on their guard, and going into their corn fields with 
their guns near them, and one or {wo of their number ele- 
Vou. X.-—No. 1. 20 
