Manufacture of Hats. £93 
Amsterdam, and companies are forming in Manchester, Dub- 
lin, Bordeaux, Lyons, and Nantz. Why was Edinburgh, 
where this invention was made and first exhibited, the last cap- 
ital to patronize and adopt it ?—Jdem. 
40. Changes inthe contents of Brine Springs.—Mr. Hen- 
mann, of Schonebeck, in Prussia, observes, that the relative 
quantity in the contents of brine springs, is subject to a 
variation in regard to the different species of salts 
whieh they contain. The brine from Halle was ana- 
lyzed in 1786, by Gren, who did not discover in it any muriate 
of magnesia atall. Mr. Henmann himself obtained in 1798, 
muriate of lime, and muriate of magnesia, in the proportion of 
seven to one. Having recently analyzed the same, he found 
the quantity of muriate of magnesia to be almost double that 
ef muriate of lime. According to an analysis of 1794, the 
brine of Schonebeck contained only 6000 cwt. of glauber 
salts, in the same quantity of brine, in whieh, supposing the 
contents of muriate of soda to be equal, it contained in 1823, 
between 37,000, and 38,000 cwt. The latter of these brines 
contains so much of muriate and sulphate of potash, thatnear- 
ly 1000 cwt. of these salts are annually obtained for sale. 
Schweigger, b. 10, p. 70. 
41. Paper Making.—A discovery has been made in 
France of a material capable of superseding the use of rags 
in paper making. It is a composition that resembles a pre- 
paration of the finest quality of rags, andis readily converted 
into a pulp, without the employment of any kind of machine- 
ry, and by which the best kinds of paper are made. This 
material can be provided at so cheap a rate, that it is esti- 
mated its whole cost, including preparation, will be less than 
sixpence per pound.—Lond. Journ. Arts and Sciences. 
Vol. VIII. 
42. Manufacture of Hats —A patent has been granted ia 
England for a peculiar kind of fabric, to be made of a mixe 
ture of cotton and silk, for the covering of hats and bonneta 
in imitation of beaver. ‘he foundation of the hat or bonnet 
may be of felt, hemp, wool, or any of the usual materials, 
and which, when formed, ts to be covered by the fabric in 
question. This fabric is to be woven in an ordinary loony, 
(by a peculiar process,) and to consist either wholly of cof- 
Vor. X.—No. I. 25 
