382 Heat by Combustion. 
Such is the polytechnic institute of Vienna, an establish- . 
ment eminently useful, and worthy of the protection and en- 
couragement of the sovereign. One thing which distinguish- 
es it essentially from the polytechnic school of France, is that 
the latter is exclusively occupied with arts, manufactures, and 
industry, and mathematics are cultivated only to form survey- 
ors andengineers, while in that of Vienna this science forms 
the basis of all the instruction. —Bulletin de la Societé D’En- 
eouragement, Juin 1825. 
6. Animal Heat.—The following is stated by Despretz to 
be the temperature of the bodies of the animals named, when 
the temperature of the air was 15.15. The scale is doubtless 
that of the centigrade thermometer. 
Mean temp. 
Nine men, aged 30 years, 37.14 
Fourmen ‘“ 68 years, 37.13 
Four young men, 18 years, 36 99 
Three male children, 1 to 2 days, 35.06 
Two adult ravens, 42.91 
Four owls, 40.91 
An adult screech-owl, 41.47 
An adult tarsel, 41.47 
Three pigeons, 42.98 
Three sparrows, well feathered, 33.08 
A full grown sparrow, 41.67 
Two rooks, just beginning to eat, 41.17 
Dog, 3 months old, 39.48 
Adult male cat, 39.78 
Adult Guinea pig, 35 .e 
Two carps, 11.69 
Two tenches, 11.54 
Water in which the fish were swimming, 10.83 
Annales de Chimie. Aout, 1825. 
7. Heat by Combustion.—The same chemist found, during 
his researches on respiration, that hydrogen melts, in burn- 
ing, 315." times its weight of ice, and carbon 104.2. It is 
remarkable that the numbers 315.2 and 104.2 are almost ri- 
gorously proportional to the weight of oxygen absorbed by 
hydrogen and carbon. For, according to the chemical pro- 
portions of Berzelius, supposing the first number 315.2, the 
