Ten Days in Ohio. 221 



all to be removed and thrown to one side of the mouth of the tunnel, 

 or it would soon block up the narrow avenues between the pillars 

 left to support the roof of the mine. The coal is not so bituminous 

 as in many deposits, containing a considerable quantity of iron py- 

 rites, but it burns very well. The perpendicular fracture, as it lies 

 in the bed, is vitreous and glistening ; its horizontal one is dull, show- 

 ing the fibrous structure of wood ; and between the contiguous la- 

 minae, is a coating of pure carbon, the thickness of brown paper, 

 seeming to indicate that these beds were formed from decomposed 

 trees. An additional proof of the truth of this supposition is found 

 in the absence of all fern impressions on the slatestone lying over and 

 between the coal. 



Near the mouth of Coal Run, the road leaves the valley of the 

 Muskingum, and we see that beautiful river no more until we reach 

 Zanesville, after passing over the ridges and hills common to all the 

 sandstone formation in Ohio. 



WATERFOilD. 



We are now in Waterford, a township in the N. W. part of Wash- 

 ington, bordering on Morgan County. It was amongst the earliest 

 settled townships in the State, being commenced in 1789, and for- 

 merly contained whhin its limits the settlement at Big Bottom ; well 

 known in the early history of the country, from the massacre of 

 fourteen of the inhabitants by the Indians, in January 1791 : the 

 block house was burnt and the setdement abandoned until the peace 

 of 1795. About a mile above Coal Run, we passed over a part of 

 the farm of Mr. B. Dana, consisting of more than one thousand acres 

 under fence, and mostly well cultivated in meadows, corn lands and 

 pasturage. He annually shears from one thousand to one thousand 

 two hundred sheep, most of them fine wooled ; and in good seasons, 

 makes four thousand pounds of excellent sugar from the juice of the 

 Acer saccharinum. Catde, hogs, meadows, orchards, dairy, and 

 crops of grain and hay are all in the same princely style. His build- 

 ings are in the best condition ; a large brick dwelling house, at least 

 fifty feet long and two stories high, is completely covered in front by 

 the wide spreading branches of two multiflora rose-bushes from our 

 native wilds, which, in the season of flowering, afford a most beautiful 

 and magnificent spectacle. So completely multiflora is this native rose, 

 that I have counted from sixty to eighty buds at the termination of a 

 single branch. Four miles from Coal Run, we come to Olive- 



