Miscellanies. 189 



Note. — The chlorine is assigned to calcium, as the chloride of calcium is 

 oftener found in those waters which contain but little saline matter. There 

 remains .006 sulphuric acid, apparently in excess, which is accounted for 

 by the difficulty of separating, accurately, magnesia from the other earthy 

 salts. The quantity of carbonate of lime considerably exceeds the equiv- 

 alent quantity of carbonic acid, necessary to render it soluble in pure 

 water, and this fact affords a probable explanation of the character this 

 water exhibits, when tested by colored papers." 



The " upper spring " seems not to differ essentially from the lower. 

 In sensible properties, it bears a close resemblance to it : but there is a 

 peculiar sweetness of taste, which distinguishes it. The deposit around 

 it is mostly of a dark blue color, while that of the lower spring is white. 

 It rises about sixty rods east of the other, and is at an elevation considera- 

 bly above it. The bed of sand, through which this water oozes, is about 

 twenty feet, and the rock about thirty feet below the surface of the ground. 

 One gallon from this spring, according to Prof. Hadley, of the institution 

 of Fairfield, Herkimer County, New York, was found to contain the fol- 

 lowing substances, and nearly in the following proportions, viz. 



Carbonic acid, - - - - 5.6 cubic inches. 



Hydro-sulphuric acid, - - - 12. 



Sulphate of lime, - - - - 84. grains. 

 " magnesia, - - 10. " 



soda, - - - \Q. " 



Carbonate of lime, - - - 8. * " 



Chloride of sodium, - - - 18.4 



And a small quantity of other matter. 

 There are other springs in the neighborhood, but their qualities aie 

 essentially the same as those quoted. The geology of the vicinity is said 

 to be bituminous shale, upon transition limestone. Iodine and bromine 

 have-not yet been detected in the constitution of these waters ; but it is 

 probable that no very accurate examinations have been made, with a view 

 to their discovery; although Dr. Francis observes, that an analysis of 

 these waters, which he caused to be made in 1833, did not afford satis- 

 factory evidence of their containing iodine. 



14. A Treatise on Gents, in reference to their 'practical and scientijic 

 value. A useful guide for the Jeweller, Lapidary, Artist, Amateur, 

 Mineralogist, and Chemist; accompanied by a description of the most 

 interesting American gems, and ornamental and architectural materials. 

 By Dr. Lewis Feuchtwanger. New York, 1838.— The title of this work 

 embraces a very correct idea of its contents. Dr. Feuchtwanger has col- 

 lected a great amount of information, drawn from many sources, in addi- 

 tion to his own experience, both in regard to the scientific character, com- 

 mercial value, history, and antiquity, not only of the gems, properly so 



