354 Morton's Crania Americana. 



different fibres;* and Haller and Van Swieten were of opinion 

 that the internal senses occupy, in the brain, organs as distinct as 

 the nerves of the external senses.f Cabanis entertained a similar 

 notion,! and so did Prochaska. Cuvier says that '■^Certain parts 

 of the brain, in all classes of animals, are large or small, accord- 

 ing to certain qualities of the animals f'^ and he admits that 

 Gall's doctrine of different faculties being connected with differ- 

 ent parts of the brain, is nowise contradictory to the general prin- 

 ciples of physiology.il 



If, then, there be reason to believe that different parts of the 

 brain manifest different mental faculties, and if the size of the 

 part influence the power of manifestation, the necessity is very 

 evident of taking into consideration the relative proportions of the 

 different parts of the brain, in a physiological enquiry into the 

 connection between the crania of nations and their mental qual- 

 ities. To illustrate this position, we present exact drawings of 

 two casts from nature ; one, figure 1, is the brain of an Ameri- 

 can Indian ; and the other, figure 2, the brain of an European. 

 Both casts bear evidence of compression or flattening out, to some 

 extent, by the pressure of the plaster ; but the European brain is 

 the flatter of the two. We have a cast of the entire head of 

 this American Indian, and it corresponds closely with the form of 

 the brain here represented. 



It is obvious that the absolute quantity of brain, (although 

 probably a few ounces less in the American,) might be the same 

 in both ; and yet, if different portions manifest different mental 

 powers, the characters of the individuals, and of the nations to 

 which they belonged, (assuming them to be types of the races,) 

 might be exceedingly different. In the American Indian, the 

 anterior lobe, lying between A A and B B is small, and in the 

 European it is large, in proportion to the middle lobe, lying be- 

 tween B B and C C. In the American Indian, the posterior lobe, 

 lying between C and D is much smaller than in the European. 

 In the American, the cerebral convolutions on the anterior lobe 

 and upper surface of the brain, are smaller than in the Eu- 

 ropean. 



* CEuvres, III, 33. f Van Swieten, I, 454. 



t Rapports du Physique et du Moral de THomme, 2de Edit. I, 233,4. 



§ Anatomie comparee, tome II. 



Jl Rapport Historique sur lea Progres des Sciences Naturelles, &c. p. 193. 



