442 REVIEWS AMERICAN PHILOLOGY. 



not as he represents it to be, the sign of the objective, which is 

 evident from the fact that the form is the same where " his bison" is 

 the subject instead of the object of the verb. Another case in which 

 the same principle of double agglutination is exemplified is the mode 

 of expressing a negative by the prefix " Jcah-ween" and the afiix " «e," 

 thus wah-ie he sees, kah-ween wah-be would not impart a negative 

 form to the verb ; it would mean " no, he sees " hut kah-ween wah- 

 he-se " he does not see," being somewhat analogous to the French 

 ne pas. 



Again at page 373, Mr. Schoolcraft, through his ignorance of the Al- 

 gonquin idiom has lost an opportunity of bringing to the notice of his 

 readers a very interesting peculiarity of the language. "His father's 

 dog" he renders in Indian oo-sitn oo-dy-un, which would not be his 

 father's dog, but " his father, his dog," the way to express his father's 

 dog being, oo-sun oo-dy-e-ne. This brings out a striking peculiarity of 

 which Mr. Schoolcraft must have been altogether ignorant when he 

 made such an Indian sentence as that which we have just quoted from his 

 treatise ; it is this, when a noun in the objective case, or with the third 

 person singular possessive particles, has another noun in the possessive 

 case attached to it, the noun so attached changes its possessive afiix 

 into " e-ne" thus in the sentence quoted we have oo-sun of the pos- 

 sessive form, but to it belongs another noun in the possessive form 

 " his dog " which must be rendered oo-dy-e-ne. The use of this 

 second possessive form will be made plain by the following example : 

 " He slew his brother and his wife " leaves it uncertain whether it 

 was his own or his brother's wife that he slew ; not so in the Algonquin 

 languages, — oo-ge-ne-saun ive-kah-ne-sun kuh-ya we-wun would mean 

 " he slew his brother and his own wife," oo-ge-ne-saun we-kah-ne-sun 

 kuh-ya we-we-ne would mean " he slew his brother and his (i. e. 

 his brother's) wife. Jesus loved Martha and her brother : — 

 Jesus oo-ge-sah-ge-aun ]Sla7'tha-un kuh-ya oo-dah-wa-mah-ne not oo- 

 dah-wa-maun which would signify Jesus own sister (used of the re- 

 lation of a male, oo-dah-wa-maun signifies his sister, of that of a female, 

 her brother). We think that an error that involves the ignoring of 

 so interesting a peculiarity is unpardonable in a person making such 

 pretensions as we have seen Mr. Schoolcraft does. 



While we are on the subject of this second possessive it is as well 

 to remark that it afPects the verb also. That is to say, when a noun 

 having the third person singular possessive particles is the subject. 



