450 REVIEWS — AMERICAN PHILOLOGY. 



syllable oozh enter ; again we would ask if the sound oz in hoz belongs 

 to the imaginary root ozli, floating thing, how in the name of common 

 sense can it have anything to do with oo-zhe-ah, he is made (not to 

 make as Mr. Schoolcraft has it) ? But, suppose we allow oz to pass 

 muster, where is the other part of the compound 1 the author does not 

 enlighten us as to whence comes the etymological molecule b. But 

 the fact is, that the component parts of the word bdz have no existence 

 except in Mr. Schoolcraft's very fertile imagination, the word being 

 a root word of the very simplest kind, signifying to enter into any 

 machine, nautical or otherwise, that is about being put in motion as 

 a canoe, a sleigh, a carriage. 



Having already prolonged these remarks to a greater extent than we 

 had intended we will leave Mr. Schoolcraft for the present, having first 

 corrected him in reference to a point involving one of the principles of 

 the Indian verb : we mean his assertion that the subjunctive mood is 

 formed by prefixing the word Jcish-pin to the several forms but not in 

 anywise altering them : (page 431 and again page 433.) "The other 

 tenses of the indicative mood all admit of the same prefixed term 

 Jcish-pin, if." The very contrary of these statements is the case ; the 

 subjunctive is never formed by the mere prefixing of kish-pin, but 

 requires a very extensive change indeed in the modifying sufiaxes, and 

 kish-pin prefixed to the indicative forms of the verb is utterly inad- 

 missable. For confirmation of what we say on this point we appeal to 

 the paradigms which Mr. Schoolcraft has given in the body of his 

 treatise (evidently furnished by another hand, though much spoiled 

 in passing through the press) ; 1st. the paradigm of atta " to be" 

 impersonal, page 441, we have indicative, at-ta, it is, subjunctive 

 kish-pin at-tag ; here we see that the kish-pin is not prefixed to the 

 unchanged indicative; again the verb J-eaw, to be, personal indicative, 

 436—438 ; nin-dah yah, I am, subjunctive i-au-yaun, if I be. The rule 

 is that in the indicative the pronoun is expressed by a prefix as ne- 

 waub I see, in the subjunctive by a suffix as wah-be-yaun : the 

 conjunction kish-pin never being incorporated in the word but always 

 placed with regard to it in the same position, as "if" in English the cav 

 of Greek and the si of Latin, such a form as kish-pin ne-saug-e-aug, 

 kish-pin ov-sah-ge-aud (page 433) would be sure to produce a smile on 

 the faces of an Indian audience at the expense of him who should use 

 them. 



In a note at the end of his chapter on verbs, Mr. Schoolcraft very 



