SCAUABjEID^E. — ONTHOPHAGUS. ] 71 



The length of the frontal horn differs considerably, as do the tubercles or horns 

 on the anterior margin of the thorax; but as every intermediate shade may be 

 readily obtained, all the varieties are doubtless to be referred to this species. 



Not uncommon in several places in the neighbourhood of London, 

 and in other parts. " Cliffe, near Gravesend." — Mr. Bainb ridge. 

 " In plenty in a sandy lane, near Richmond." — Rev. T. T. 

 Haverfield. " Has occurred in some plenty in the neighbourhood 

 of Melbourne, Cambridgeshire." — Rev. L. Jeityns. " Bristol." — 

 G. Waring, Esq. 



Genus CXCI. — Onthophagus, Latreille. 



Antennae with the basal joint long, cylindric ; the second globose ; the four 

 following short, gradually becoming transverse ; the remainder forming an 

 abrupt, pubescent triarticulate club. Palpi, maxillary, with the terminal 

 joint attenuated at each end and truncate; labial very hairy, two-jointed, 

 the apical joint reniform, obliquely truncate : head cornute or tuberculated : 

 clypeus large, entire, irregularly semicircular: thorax broad, as long or longer 

 than the elytra, emarginate and retuse before, rounded behind: body de- 

 pressed: legs moderate: anterior tibia; large, strongly dentate externally; 

 posterior bidentate at the apex : tarsi slender, anterior rather smallest. 



The singular genus Onthophagus is characterized by having the 

 body depressed, the clypeus entire, or slightly emarginate, the 

 thorax very broad, as long as the elytra, the terminal joint of the 

 maxillary palpi truncate, and of the labial ones securiform, &c. : — 

 the species generally appear toward the end of April, and frequent 

 cow-dung in preference to other pabulum : — they vary extremely 

 both in size and colour, as well as in the length of the various 

 horn-like prominences with which most of them are armed on the 

 clypeus ; which latter circumstance has induced some writers to 

 suppose there was an intermediate sex; but as every possible 

 shade of variation in length may be obtained by an extensive col- 

 lection of specimens, that theory is clearly incorrect. 



A. With the head cornuated, or tuberculated. 



+ Sp. 1. Taurus. Niger, occipite cornubus duobus reclinatis a?xuat is, mas.: aid 

 lineis duabus iransversis elevatis, thorace mutico, fcemina. (Long. corp. 4§ 

 lin.) 



Sc. Taurus. Lima'.— On. Taurus. Curtis, ii. pi fi2. — Steph. GiUal. 101. No. 

 1090. 



