98 Journal and proceedings 



If we learn in this way something of the employments of the men, 

 we can from certain other words learn something of the occupation of 

 the women of that early day. They kept cows in those days. The 

 Sanskrit word for cow is go. Now take in connection with this the 

 old Sanskrit word for girl. It is duhitar, which has come down 

 to us through the Greek thugater. the Gothic dauhiar, until we have it 

 daughter. Now this original Sanskrit name for girl, duhitar, is de- 

 rived from a word duh (akin to the Latin ducd) and means to lead 

 or draw, and in Sanskrit to milk, revealing to us the fact that in our 

 early Aryan home the daughters in the* family were milkmaids, a 

 fact, as Muller says, which " opens before our eyes a little idyl of the 

 poetical and pastoral life of the early Aryans." 



And this word daughter suggests to us the fact that in their 

 early home our forefathers had the family relations in all its integrity. 

 The words father, mother, brother, sister, and even father-in-law, 

 mother-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, son-in-latv, daughter-in- 

 law, are all found in the Sanskrit. And as we trace the history of 

 these words down through other languages to our own, we learn from 

 them something of the nature oi these relationships as they existed 

 in the early time. For example, we find in Sanskrit the word pilar. In 

 Greek we find it pater, in Latin pater, in Gothic fadar, and in Eng. 

 lish father. Now that original Sanskrit word, pilar, is derived 

 from a root pa, which means to protect, revealing to us that in 

 those early days the father was the head and protector of the family. 



We find in Sanskrit the word siv. Trace its course down the 

 stream ot languages, and we find it in our word sew. We find in 

 Sanskrit the word ve, which comes down to us as weave. So that 

 which was woven is in Sanskrit vap ; with us it has been changed to 

 web. We see then that our ancestors 4000 years ago were ac- 

 quainted with the arts of sewing and weaving. But I must not 

 attempt here and now to trace out the whole history of our Aryan 

 forefathers. Let me simply quote to you a few sentences from Max 

 Muller. " If you find," says Muller, "that the languages of Europe 

 have the same word for iro?i, which exists in Sanskrit, this is proof 

 absolute that iron was known previous to the Aryan Separation. So 

 with house, ship, or any other names. In this way it can be proved 

 that before their separation the Aryans led the life of agricultural no- 

 mads — a life such as Tacitus describes that of the Ancient Ger- 



