242 JOURNAL AND PROCEEDINGS 



220. SPIZELLA PUSILLA (Wils.). 563. 



Field Sparrow. 



Bill pale reddish ; feet very pale ; crown dull chestnut ; no decided 

 black or whitish about head. Below white, unmarked, but much washed 

 with pale brown on breast and sides ; sides of head and neck with some 

 vague brown markings ; all the ashy parts of socialis replaced by pale 

 brownish. Back bright bay, with black streaks and some pale flaxen 

 edgings ; inner secondaries similarly variegated ; tips of median and greater 

 coverts forming decided whitish cross-bars. Size of socialis, but more nearly 

 the colors of monticola. Young, for a short time, streaked below as in socialis. 



Hab. Eastern United States and Southern Canada, west to the Plains. 



Nest, on the ground, or near it, in a low bush ; composed of grass and 

 rootlets, lined with fine grass and hair. 



Eggs, 4 to 6 ; greenish-white, variously marked with reddish-brown. 



The Field Sparrow is sparingly distributed in suitable places 

 in Southern Ontario, which probably forms its northern limit. 

 It arrives from the south during the first week in May, and 

 soon makes its presence known by its pleasing ditty which is 

 heard from the top of a low tree or bush in the pasture field. 

 It resembles the Chipper in size, but is more like the Tree 

 Sparrow in coloring. The cinnamon tinted bill is always a 

 ready mark by which to distinguish it from any other of the 

 small Sparrows. 



It raises two broods in the season and retires to the south 

 in September. 



Genus JUNCO Wagler. 



221. JUNCO HYEMALIS (Linn.). 567. 



Slate-colored Junco. 



Blackish-ash, below abruptly pure white from the breast. Two to three 

 Outer tail-feathers white. Bill flesh-colored. In the female, and in fact in 

 most fall and winter specimens, the upper parts have a more grayish, or even 

 a decidedly brownish cast, and the inner quills are edged with pale bay. 

 Length, 6-6J ; wing and tail, about 3. 



Hab. North America at large, but chiefly east of the Rocky Mountains, 

 breeding from the higher parts of the Alleghanies and Northern New York 

 and Northern New England northward. South in winter to the Gulf States. 



