8 Staten Island Association of Arts and Sciences 



collected in the fall of 1891, one on September 19 and the other 

 on October 4. A male was collected May 10, 1896, on Todt Hill. 

 In the summer of 1906 the butterfly was seen in some numbers in 

 the Clove Valley, where there is a growth of Cassia marylandica, 

 the food plant of the larva ; and several males were observed else- 

 where on the island. In 1907 about ten were seen, in August, and 

 several collected in Buck's Hollow near Richmond, where Cassia 

 also grows. A single male was seen at Chelsea August 12, 191 o, 

 Terias lisa Boisduval. July to October inclusive. Most com- 

 mon on the sandy portions of the island. 



Family PAPILIONIDAE 



Papilio ajax Linnaeus. This butterfly was observed by Mr. 

 William Beutenmiiller and myself on July 5, 1886, near Bull's 

 Head. Another was seen on June 30, 1889, near Old Place, and 

 still another on June 14, 1902, at Tottenville. On August 5, 

 1902, Mr. Oscar Fulda captured two specimens at Concord. 



Papilio philenor Linnaeus. This species has been observed 

 flying on the island on May 6, October 27, and November 2. On 

 the last mentioned date a fresh specimen was seen. It is more 

 common at times between these dates. The appearance of fresh 

 examples apparently out of season can be better understood when 

 some of the erratic ways of the species are mentioned. In. Julv, 

 1896, five philenor caterpillars changed to the chrysalis stage in 

 a breeding cage. Three hatched in the latter part of the month. 

 It was observed that the other two were not dead. After some 

 time had elapsed one was opened and found to be in good con- 

 dition. The box was then placed in an attic where the tempera- 

 ture was more nearly the same as outdoors. On May 18, 1897, 

 a male emerged from the remaining chrysalis. Under natural 

 conditions this butterfly would have been contemporaneous with 

 his nephews and nieces, all of his generation that emerged from 

 the chrysalis state during the previous summer being dead. The 

 caterpillars feed on the Dutchman's pipe vine late in the fall, and 

 apparently many of them die of the cold. They are accustomed 

 to a longer season in the south. 



