1891.] THE NAGA AND KAREN HILLS AND PERAK. 253 



infernal machines, no Naga will venture into the forest land of 

 another village. Nevertheless many deaths are caused by them. I 

 myself saw one only just in time on Japoo, and my Lepchas on 

 account of them, and their lack of enterprise, never wander far. So 

 far every locality in which we have taken any good Butterflies on 

 this expedition has been found by me. My men, even my Maslaman, 

 who is a good jangal-wala, rarely go beyond where I have led them. 

 This very likely explains the comparatively small results achieved 

 by them at Buxa, which seems to be naturally a grand place for 

 insects. 



" It is my opinion that there will be no autumn brood of Butter- 

 flies in the high country of these hills. As for the lowlands there is 

 some chance of one about October 1st, though none came out last 

 autumn at Sadiya and Margharita. Wood-Mason found August 

 and September best at low elevations in Cachar. Here there was 

 nothing in August below .5000 feet, nothing at all. I think you have 

 an exaggerated view of the ' succession of broods ' through the rainy 

 season, or Sikkim at least must be very exceptional in this respect. 

 In Borneo, during my first week there in September, I got about 

 90 good Butterflies a day, in most monotonous virgin forest without 

 paths. In January here, except two or three common Junonias, and a 

 few truly continuous species like Ypthimas and Ragadia crisia, 

 perhaps ten in all, I did not see more than three Butterflies a day 

 on an average, compared with about .500 in my first week. 



" Hitherto I have found here only the seven Sikkim species of 

 Ci^aniris (of which puspa was taken at low elevations only, the other 

 six only at high ones) and an additional one chennelii, of which I 

 send the undescribed female. I had hoped to get a much larger 

 number, because in Java of eight species examined only three 

 (namely , pus^^a, placida, and dilectus) were Indian." 



Writing from Nichugard, on his return there on November 2nd, 

 Mr. Doherty says: — 



" I sent two men to the low country after the middle of Septem- 

 ber, but they scarcely caught anything. 



" It rained furiously, and now I feel sure that there is never an 

 autnmn brood in these hills either in high or low country. Possibly 

 on their southern face at Manipur it may be otherwise, as it is at 

 Cherra-punji and apparently in North Cachar. My trip up Japoo 

 towards the end of September did not result in much. I got a 

 number of Armandias, several of them in good condition, so, strange 

 as it seems, there must be an autumn brood after all. At the 

 extreme summit, 9895 feet, I got Everes kala and a worn Zephyrus. 

 At night I got a number of Geometridae, mostly sm.all, in my camp 

 at 8000 feet. This shows the lateness of the season, as they are 

 always the last [? first. — H. J. E.] Moths out. As the weather was 

 warm and wet, I expected a great variety of Moths, especially as I 

 had failed there in July, and as I had done so well at Margharita 

 last year up to December 7th, though it was very cold and dry all 

 through November. 



"Throughout the rains my baits failed, and I prematurely con- 



