1892. J MR. F. E. BEDDARD ON ANTHROPOID APES. 119 



History Museum possessed skins and skeletons of this Anthropoid 

 which were obtained from M. Du Chaillu ; a comparison of these 

 with the skin and skeleton of " Sally " showed that the Chimpanzee 

 which lived for so many years (from 1883 to 1891) in the Society's 

 Gardens was undoubtedly referable to Du Chaillu's Troglodytes 

 calvus. The late Dr. Gray had refused to admit the validity of 

 this species ; but the present paper afforded additional reasons for 

 accepting Troglodytes calvus as a distinct form of Chimpanzee, not 

 synonymous with the T. tschego of Duvernoy. 



The animal was unfortunately so diseased that the viscera could 

 not be satisfactorily studied ; the bones, too, exhibited pathological 

 appearances, so that the supposed differences in the skulls of 

 2'. calvus and T. niger must probably be liberally discounted. The 

 animal had acquired the permanent incisors and bicuspids of the 

 upper jaw ; the first molar being the only one of the molar series 

 which was in place. The canines were along way from their defini- 

 tive position, and protruded through the bone. In the lower jaw 

 the only representatives of the milk-dentition which had not been 

 replaced were the canines. The condition of the teeth, were their 

 possessor a human being, would suggest the age to have been 

 between ten and eleven years : this was in all probability the age of 

 the Chimpanzee. 



The muscular anatomy did not, as might be expected, show 

 many differences from the common Cliimpanzee, T. nicjer. 



At present it was impossible to state how far even these slight 

 differences might be individual. Although so many anatomists — 

 Briihl, BischofF, Humphrey, Macalister, Sutton, Chapman, Vrolik, 

 Gratiolet, and Alix, &c. — had recorded their dissections of T. niger, 

 the norm.al muscular structure of even that species was not yet 

 beyond dispute. And as tiie present paper contained the only 

 account yet published of the myology of T. calvus, the facts stated 

 must be taken for what they were worth. 



In the following table the principal differences between Troglo- 

 dytes calvus and Troglodytes niger were shown (according to Sutton's 

 account of the myology of the latter) : — • 



T. calvus. T. niger. 



Pect. minor Insertion : coracoid. Insertion: capsule of 



shoulder-joint. 



Biceps cruris Ischial bead present. Ischial head absent. 



Sokus from head of fibula onlj. from upper third of pos- 

 terior surface of fibula 

 only. 



Flex, prof . digit attached by a vinculum No such vinculum (?) ^ 



to flex. long, digit. 



Flex. long, digit supplies digits ii., iv., v. supplies digits ii., v. 



iMriibrkales three. four. 



Flex. long, poll well developed, supplies absent or feebly deve- 



indei and pollex. loped, supplies only pol- 



lex. 

 Ext. min. digit absent. present. 



This vinculum, however, is stated by Macalister to occur. Sutton does not 

 say it is absent ; he does not refer to it. 



