244 DR. H. GADOw ON THE [Mar. 15, 



Furcula with hypocleidium. 



Plagiocoelous, type V. Caeca large. Crop globular. 



10 primaries. 



I. TURNICES. 



14 or 1.5 cervical vertebrae. 

 Schizorhinal. 



Sternum with long and simple posterior lateral pro- 

 cesses. 

 Procoracoid process large. 

 No spina externa sterni. 

 Coracoids separate. 



Hypotarsus comfilex. Hallux very small or absent. 

 Flexors of type IV. 

 Neck with lateral apteria. 

 Oil-gland tufted. 

 Quinto-cubital. 



II. Galli. 



16 or more cervical vertebrae. 



Holorhinal. 



Coracoids touching each other. 



Flexors of type I. Hallux large. 



Neck without lateral apteria. 



1 . GallidtB. 



16 cervical vertebrae. Nidifugous. 



Spina communis sterni. 



Sternum with long posterior lateral processes and 



with oblique processes. 

 Hypotarsus complex. 



2. Opisthocomidce. 



18 or 19 cervical vertebrae. Nidicolous. 



Spina externa only present. 



Sternum with small notches or fenestra only ; 



no oblique process. 

 Oil-gland tufted. 



15. GRUIFORMES'. 



Cosmopolitan. Aquatic or paludic. 



Angulare mandibulae truncated. E-hampliotheca simple. 



^ Owing to the existence of such peculiarly specialized forms as Eurypyga, 

 Ekinochetiis, Podica, Dicholopkus, and Oiis (all of which are most, intimately 

 related to the bulk of the Grues and Ralli), it is not possible to admit some 

 important characters into the diagnosis of the Gruiformes. They all are abso- 

 lutely vidifvgoiis with the exception of Eurypyga and Heliomis (the young of 

 Rhinochctus are unknown). They are typically schizognaihotis, except likiiio- 

 chetus and Dicholoplms. They have a tufted oil-gland except lihinochetus, 

 Eurypyga, Dicholo])kt/s, and Otis. They have lateral cervical apteria except 

 Eurypyga, Dicholojihus, and Otis. Their feet are those of Waders, except the 

 tridactyle cursorial Otis. Rkinochettcs alone has impervious nares. 



