704 MR. T. MANNEES-SMITH ON THE [DeC. 4, 



placed deepi}" between superior and inferior portions of medius ; 

 at its insertion it is blended with medius. It arises from dorsum 

 iUi just behind the superior part of medius. It is a very narrow 

 muscle. It may represent minimus. 



There is a muscle arising from the lateral processes of the 

 caudal vertebrae, and inserted into the upper part of the femur. 

 A muscle is described by Mivart in Echidna, in this position, 

 which he states he is disposed to regard as the pyriformis. Meckel 

 says pyriformis is present and fairly large. Owen does not 

 mention it. This is apparently the muscle described by Coues 

 as quadratus femoris. Its origin and insertion would approximate 

 it more to pyriformis than the muscle described by Coues under 

 that name. 



Muscles of Feont of Thigh. 



Sartonus. — Is a long muscle. It arises from the pectineal spine 

 of the pubes and is inserted into the head of tibia. 



Rectus femoris. — Arises from the cotyloid border of ihum and is 

 inserted into the patella. It is supplied by a branch of the 

 anterior crural, which arises within the abdomen below the nerve 

 which supplies the anterior part of the gluteus medius. This 

 muscle is quite distinct from the rest of the quadriceps. 



The remainder of the extensor mass can be separated where the 

 nerve enters into two portions, inner and outer vastus ; the two 

 vasti arise from the superior surface of the shaft of the femur, 

 the outer vastus extending as high as greater tuberosity. They 

 are inserted into patella and are supplied by the anterior crural 

 nerve. 



Psoas magnus and Iliacus have the usual position, relations, and 

 attachments. Their insertion into femur extends as far as a little 

 below the middle. They are supplied by the obturator nerve. 



Adductor Group. 



Gracilis. — This is a large muscle concealing the other adductors. 

 It arises from the marsupial bone and from the inferior surface 

 of the pubes. It is inserted into the inner side of tibia. The 

 muscle sends a slip to sphincter ani. It is supplied by the ob- 

 turator nerve. It has much the same origin and insertion in 

 Echidna (Mivart). 



The named adductors consist of well-marked and easily separ- 

 able longus, brevis, and magnus. Meckel mentions two only. 



Adductor longus. — Arises fi'om the pubes close to marsupial bone. 

 It is inserted into the lower end of femur. It receives a distinct 

 branch of the obturator nerve on its deep surface. This muscle is 

 apparently absent in Echidna (Mivart). 



Adductor brevis. — This is a narrow muscle, arising by a flat tendon 

 from the mesial portion of the inferior surface of the pubes ; it is 

 inserted into the lower end of the femur. In position it is situated 



