1895.] BATBACHIANS FROM ADEN. 661 



external. On the mucous membrane inside the internal row of 

 lower teeth there is a horny black area parallel to it, but inter- 

 rupted in the mesial line. A more or less double papillary fold 

 begins immediately above the angle of the mouth and curves 

 downwards and forwards to near the mesial line of the lower lip, 

 where it becomes interrupted, the folds of the two sides being- 

 separated from one another by a non-papillary interspace. The 

 papillae are arranged on the margins of tfie fold, and those near 

 the mesial line of the mouth are generally the longest. 



The muciferous crypts cannot be traced, but the lachrymal 

 gland is well developed. 



The upper surface of the body is pale yellowish olive and some- 

 what leaden coloured on the sides and is finely spotted with black. 

 The sides of the tail are pale greyish yellow, covered with large 

 black spots, sparse proximally, but numerous distally and invading 

 the crests. The upper surface of the limbs is yellowish olive 

 spotted with black. The under surface yellowish white, with 

 obscure small black spots on the sides o£ the belly and of the 

 throat. 



Measurements of largest tadpole : — Total length 107 ; length 

 of body 40; width of body 27?; length of tail 67; depth 

 of tail 24. 



Length of largest mature female : — Snout to vent 97. 



These specimens agree exactly with tadpoles of R. cyanophhictis 

 from Ceylon. In the latter the horny-Hke line within the mouth 

 is not so markedly developed as in the Aden larvae. 



In the European species of the genus Bana the upper teeth are 

 never less than in two lines and the lower teeth in three series, so 

 that this Asiatic form differs very materially in possessing only 

 one row above and two below. In the tadpoles of European frogs 

 of the genus Rana the liuccal papillary fold is always continuous 

 round the lower lip, whereas, as has been shown, it is interrupted 

 in Rana cyanophlyctis. 



The beak also is larger, stronger, and more hooked than in the 

 European species. The extent to which the dorsal caudal crest is 

 prolonged on to the body in the Asiatic frog more recalls the tadpole 

 of a Hyla than that of a Rana. 



Many years ago Dr. Griinther ' stated that Rana tir/rina " when 

 frightened jumps over the surface of the water, much the same 

 way as it does on land," and Mr. Boulenger ^ also mentions that 

 " it is said " to have this habit. Mr. Blanford,^ however, has pointed 

 out " that the species so well known by this habit in India had 

 never been satisfactorily determined, but thought that it was Rana 

 cyanophlydis, and that probably Rana hexadactyla had a similar 

 habit." I am indebted to 8ir AVilliam Elower for permission to 

 quote the following passage from a letter from his son which seems 

 fully to establish that Mr. Blanford was right in his supposition, 



1 Eept. of Brit. India, 1864, p. 407. 



- Fauna of Brie. India, Eept. & Batr. 1890, p. 450. 



3 Fauna Brit. Ind.. Eept. &Batr. 1890. p. 4.50 footnot*. 



