The Anatomy of a T Y G M I E. 51 



There was nothing farther, T think, tliat I obferved peculiar in the 

 Thorax oi am Vygmk, I (hall now therefore follow the Duft of the 

 Trach<ea up to the Throat. And here as in M^w, I obferved placed the 

 Glandula Thjroldea, upon the CartHago Scutiformh of the Larynx ; 'twas 

 red and fpungy, fullof Blood veflels, not much unlike the inward Part 

 of the Sfleen^ but fomewhat firmer. In a Man I have always obferved 

 this part to be red. Drelincourt's Account of it in the Ape is , GUftduU 

 Thyroide£ d^ Cricvide£ crajjk ftint^ & fubnigric antes 5 ^ iUas per meant far- 

 ctili Corotidk Arter'ts d^ Jugular fs ven<e externa ; cum ftirculk Nervi Recur- 

 rcntrs. There is no fenfible account yet given of the ufe of this part, as 

 I have met with : And I think that from a Comparative Survey of it in 

 other Animals, and a ftrift Obfervation of it's Strufture, and the Veflels 

 that compound it , it were not difficult to allign other ufes of it more 

 fatisfadory. 



As to the Larynx in our Pygmk, unlefs I enumerate all the Cartilages 

 that go to form it, and the Mufcks that ferve to give them their Motion^ 

 and the Vejjels that run to and from it, and the Membranes and Glands^ 

 there is nothing that lean further add, but only fay, that I found the 

 whole Strufture of this Part exadly as 'tis in Man. And the fame too I 

 muft fay of the Os Hyoides. The Reflexion that the Parjjians make up- 

 on the obfervation of this, and it's neighbouring Parts in the Difleftioa 

 of their M?«!)^e/s, I think is very juft and valuable. And if there was 

 any farther advantage for the forming o( Speech, I can't but think our 

 Pygmie had it. But upon the befl: Enquiry, I was never informed, that 

 it aiterapted any thing that way. Tho' Birds have been taught to imi- 

 tate H/imane Voke^ and to pronounce Words and Sentences, yet Sluadru- 

 peds never ; neither has this ^tadru-manous Species of Animals, that fo 

 nearly approaches the StrudtureofM*?;^^^^^:/, ab&t'ingtht Romances q£ An- 

 tiquity concerning them. 



The P^rT/MK-j therefore tell us , That the Mufcles of the Os Hyoides, 

 Tongue, Larynx, and PhAvyn-K., ivhich do moB ferve to articulate a word^ 

 were vohoUy like to thofe of Man ; and a great deal more than thofe of the 

 Hand j which neverthelefs the Ape, which f^saks not, ufes (dr/toVt mth as 

 much perfe&ton as a Man. Which demonfhrates, that Speech is an A&ion 

 more peculiar to Man, and which more diflinguijlies him from Brutes than 

 the Hand ^ which Anaxagoras, Ariftotle, and Galen have thought to be the 

 Organ which Nature has given to Man, as to the wifeU of all Animals 3 for 

 want perhaps of this Reflexion : For the Ape i-s found provided, by Nature of 

 all thofe marvellous Organs of Speech with fo much exaClnefs, that the very 

 three fmall Mufcles, which do take their rife jrom the Apophyfes Styloides, 

 jure not wanting, althd this Apophyfis be txtreamly fmall. This partiada- 

 rity does Ukewifefiew, that there is no reafon to thinly, that Agents do per- 

 f&rmfuch andfuch anions, becaufe they arz found with Organs prober there- 

 in 2 -until 



